Impacts of dioxin exposure on brain connectivity estimated by DTI analysis of MRI images in men residing in contaminated areas of Vietnam.

Introduction: Effects of dioxin exposure on gray matter volume have been reported in previous studies, but a few studies reported effects of dioxin exposure on white matter structure. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the impact of dioxin exposure on white matter microstructure in men living in the most severely dioxin-contaminated areas in Vietnam. Methods: In 2019 brain MRI scans from 28 men living near Bien Hoa airbase were obtained at Dong Nai General Hospital, Vietnam, on a 3 T scanner using a conventional diffusion tensor imaging sequence. Two exposure markers were indicated by perinatal exposure estimated by assessment of maternal residency in a dioxin-contaminated area during pregnancy and by measurement of blood dioxin levels. A general linear model was used to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) values in 11 white matter tracts in both hemispheres between groups with and without perinatal dioxin exposure and groups with high and low blood dioxin levels after adjusting for covariates. Results: The adjusted mean FA value in the left cingulum hippocampal part (CGH) was significantly lower in the perinatal dioxin exposure group compared with the group without perinatal dioxin exposure. The high blood TCDD group showed significantly reduced FA values in the left and right CGH and right uncinate fasciculus (UNC). Moreover, the high blood TEQ-PCDDs group showed significantly lower FA values in the left and right CGH and the left UNC. There were no significant differences in FA values between the groups with high and low TEQ-PCDFs levels or between the groups with high and low TEQ-PCDD/Fs levels. Discussion: It was concluded that dioxin exposure during the perinatal period and adulthood may alter the microstructure of white matter tracts in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Sensitivity and Specificity of Using GPT-3.5 Turbo Models for Title and Abstract Screening in Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews are performed manually despite the exponential growth of scientific literature. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the sensitivity and specificity of GPT-3.5 Turbo, from OpenAI, as a single reviewer, for title and abstract screening in systematic reviews. DESIGN: Diagnostic test accuracy study. SETTING: Unannotated bibliographic databases from 5 systematic reviews representing 22 665 citations. PARTICIPANTS: None. MEASUREMENTS: A generic prompt framework to instruct GPT to perform title and abstract screening was designed. The output of the model was compared with decisions from authors under 2 rules. The first rule balanced sensitivity and specificity, for example, to act as a second reviewer. The second rule optimized sensitivity, for example, to reduce the number of citations to be manually screened. RESULTS: Under the balanced rule, sensitivities ranged from 81.1% to 96.5% and specificities ranged from 25.8% to 80.4%. Across all reviews, GPT identified 7 of 708 citations (1%) missed by humans that should have been included after full-text screening at the cost of 10 279 of 22 665 false-positive recommendations (45.3%) that would require reconciliation during the screening process. Under the sensitive rule, sensitivities ranged from 94.6% to 99.8% and specificities ranged from 2.2% to 46.6%. Limiting manual screening to citations not ruled out by GPT could reduce the number of citations to screen from 127 of 6334 (2%) to 1851 of 4077 (45.4%), at the cost of missing from 0 to 1 of 26 citations (3.8%) at the full-text level. LIMITATIONS: Time needed to fine-tune prompt. Retrospective nature of the study, convenient sample of 5 systematic reviews, and GPT performance sensitive to prompt development and time. CONCLUSION: The GPT-3.5 Turbo model may be used as a second reviewer for title and abstract screening, at the cost of additional work to reconcile added false positives. It also showed potential to reduce the number of citations before screening by humans, at the cost of missing some citations at the full-text level. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None.

AC conductivity study of mechanochemically synthesized solid electrolytes of Li6-aMa/nnPS5Cl (M = Ca, Mg, Ba, Zn, Al, Y).

Argyrodite-type solid electrolytes of Li6PS5Cl doped with multivalent cations (Mg2+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Y3+) were prepared via a mechanochemical synthesis method. The lattice constant (a0), interplanar spacing (d220, d311, d222), and micro-strain (ε) showed that the doping elements were incorporated into the crystal structure of Li6PS5Cl. The lattice constant and interplanar spacing of the doped samples were smaller than those of Li6PS5Cl. The prepared samples exhibited a positive lattice strain, and the substituted samples exhibited higher strains than Li6PS5Cl. The doped samples exhibited higher ionic conductivity than Li6PS5Cl at 25 °C. Li5.94Al0.02PS5Cl exhibited the highest σDC of approximately 2.36 × 10-3 S cm-1 at 25 °C. The charge carrier movement at the grain boundary changing from long-range diffusion in Li6PS5Cl to short-range diffusion in Li5.94Al0.02PS5Cl enhanced the conductivity.

Disease burden of Barrett's esophagus across the Paris metropolitan area.

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of Barrett's esophagus (BE) in France is unknown. However, the management of dysplastic BE in expert centers is recommended and reduces the risk of developing invasive adenocarcinoma. Our aim was to determine the burden of BE patients in the Paris Region. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study using the data from electronic medical records from the data warehouse of the 39 Greater Paris public hospitals (Entrepôt de données de santé de l' Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Paris) for the year 2018, and used natural language processing to search for occurrences of Barrett's esophagus in endoscopy and pathology reports. RESULTS: we observed a 2.2 % prevalence of Barrett's esophagus. Patients with Barrett's esophagus were older, more frequently males, with a hiatal hernia, proton pump inhibitor users, and less frequently infected by H. Pylori. Gastro-esophageal reflux symptoms were not more frequently encountered in Barrett's patients. Eleven percent of patients with Barrett's esophagus had dysplasia or adenocarcinoma. DISCUSSION: Over 200 000 patients with Barrett's esophagus are expected in the Paris Region, of which 11 % harbor dysplasia or adenocarcinoma. This data should be taken into account to tailor healthcare offer in France.

Dataset of concerns for privacy information practices and consumer behavior in online market: A survey in Vietnam.

This dataset presents survey results on concerns for consumer privacy information practises in business, online trust; and purchase intention in the online marketplace in Vietnam. The raw data was collected via an online questionnaire of 467 respondents aged 18 and over recruited randomly. The survey included questions on demographic attributes as well as ratings and rankings for various statements related to privacy information concerns, such as Collection, Unauthorized secondary use (internal), Improper Access, Error; consumer online trust; and purchase intention when shopping online. The de-identified dataset is available in CSV format, including the question/statement text, collection method details, and coded response values. This novel dataset further investigates the impact of privacy information concerns on consumer behaviors in an emergent Southeast Asian e-commerce market. As one of the first collections of empirical data focused distinctly on perspectives within Vietnam, this dataset has high reuse potential for research on information privacy attitudes, responses, and needs within the country and in comparison to regional/global trends.

Psychometric properties and domains covered by patient-reported outcome measures used in trials assessing interventions for chronic pain.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used in clinical trials assessing interventions for chronic pain, describe their psychometric properties, and the clinical domains they cover. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We identified phase 3 or 4 interventional trials: on adult participants (aged >18 years), registered in clinicaltrials.gov between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2022, and which provided "chronic pain" as a keyword condition. We excluded diagnostic studies and phase 1 or 2 trials. In each trial, one reviewer extracted all outcomes registered and identified those captured using PROMs. For each PROM used in more than 1% of identified trials, two reviewers assessed whether it covered the six important clinical domains from the Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials (IMMPACT): pain, emotional functioning, physical functioning, participant ratings of global improvement and satisfaction with treatment, symptoms and adverse events, and participant disposition (eg, adherence to medication). Second, reviewers searched PubMed for both the initial publication and latest review reporting the psychometric properties of each PROM and assessed their content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, reliability, measurement error, hypotheses testing, criterion validity, and responsiveness using published criteria from the literature. RESULTS: In total, 596 trials assessing 4843 outcomes were included in the study (median sample size 60, interquartile range 40-100). Trials evaluated behavioral (22%), device-based (21%), and drug-based (10%) interventions. Of 495 unique PROMs, 55 were used in more than 1% trials (16 were generic pain measures; 8 were pain measures for specific diseases; and 30 were measures of other symptoms or consequences of pain). About 50% PROMs had more than 50% of psychometric properties rated as sufficient. Scales often focused on a single clinical domain. Only 25% trials measured at least three clinical domains from IMMPACT. CONCLUSION: Half of PROMs used in trials assessing interventions for chronic pain had sufficient psychometric properties for more than 50% of criteria assessed. Few PROMs assessed more than one important clinical domain. Only 25% of trials measured more than 3/6 clinical domains considered important by IMMPACT.

Epidermoid cyst of the craniovertebral junction-A case report.

An epidermoid cyst is a benign tumor in many locations. The symptoms of an epidermoid cyst depend on its location. The brain or spine MRI can confirm the lesion. Removing total decompression is the first choice in treatment with a symptomatic cyst.

Production of biodiesel from waste fish fat through ultrasound-assisted transesterification using petro-diesel as cosolvent and optimization of process parameters using response surface methodology.

Biodiesel is a highly promising and viable alternative to fossil-based diesel that also addresses the urgent need for effective waste management. It can be synthesized by the chemical modification of triglycerides sourced from vegetable origin, animal fat, or algal oil. The transesterification reaction is the preferred method of producing biodiesel. However, the non-miscibility of alcohol and oil layer causes excessive utilization of alcohol, catalyst, and a substantial reacting time and temperature. In the current investigation, transesterification of waste fish oil was performed with petro-diesel as cosolvent, under the influence of ultrasound energy. The combination of both techniques is a unique and efficient way to minimize the mass transfer limitations considerably and hence reduces the parameters of the reaction. It is also a sincere effort to comply with the principles of green chemistry. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained using response surface methodology (RSM) that were as follows: molar ratio of methanol to oil 9.09:1, catalyst concentration of 0.97 wt%, cosolvent concentration of 29.1 wt%, temperature 60.1℃, and a reacting time 30 min. Under these listed conditions, 98.1% biodiesel was achievable, which was in close agreement with the expected result. In addition, the cosolvent removal step from the crude biodiesel was also eliminated as it could be employed as a blended fuel in CI engines.

Detection of elusive DNA copy-number variations in hereditary disease and cancer through the use of noncoding and off-target sequencing reads.

Copy-number variants (CNVs) play a substantial role in the molecular pathogenesis of hereditary disease and cancer, as well as in normal human interindividual variation. However, they are still rather difficult to identify in mainstream sequencing projects, especially involving exome sequencing, because they often occur in DNA regions that are not targeted for analysis. To overcome this problem, we developed OFF-PEAK, a user-friendly CNV detection tool that builds on a denoising approach and the use of "off-target" DNA reads, which are usually discarded by sequencing pipelines. We benchmarked OFF-PEAK on data from targeted sequencing of 96 cancer samples, as well as 130 exomes of individuals with inherited retinal disease from three different populations. For both sets of data, OFF-PEAK demonstrated excellent performance (>95% sensitivity and >80% specificity vs. experimental validation) in detecting CNVs from in silico data alone, indicating its immediate applicability to molecular diagnosis and genetic research.

Personalizing renal replacement therapy initiation in the intensive care unit: a reinforcement learning-based strategy with external validation on the AKIKI randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE: The timely initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for acute kidney injury (AKI) requires sequential decision-making tailored to individuals' evolving characteristics. To learn and validate optimal strategies for RRT initiation, we used reinforcement learning on clinical data from routine care and randomized controlled trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the MIMIC-III database for development and AKIKI trials for validation. Participants were adult ICU patients with severe AKI receiving mechanical ventilation or catecholamine infusion. We used a doubly robust estimator to learn when to start RRT after the occurrence of severe AKI for three days in a row. We developed a "crude strategy" maximizing the population-level hospital-free days at day 60 (HFD60) and a "stringent strategy" recommending RRT when there is significant evidence of benefit for an individual. For validation, we evaluated the causal effects of implementing our learned strategies versus following current best practices on HFD60. RESULTS: We included 3748 patients in the development set and 1068 in the validation set. Through external validation, the crude and stringent strategies yielded an average difference of 13.7 [95% CI -5.3 to 35.7] and 14.9 [95% CI -3.2 to 39.2] HFD60, respectively, compared to current best practices. The stringent strategy led to initiating RRT within 3 days in 14% of patients versus 38% under best practices. DISCUSSION: Implementing our strategies could improve the average number of days that ICU patients spend alive and outside the hospital while sparing RRT for many. CONCLUSION: We developed and validated a practical and interpretable dynamic decision support system for RRT initiation in the ICU.

Heterogeneity of outcome measures in depression trials and the relevance of the content of outcome measures to patients: a systematic review.

Research waste occurs when randomised controlled trial (RCT) outcomes are heterogeneous or overlook domains that matter to patients (eg, relating to symptoms or functions). In this systematic review, we reviewed the outcome measures used in 450 RCTs of adult unipolar and bipolar depression registered between 2018 and 2022 and identified 388 different measures. 40% of the RCTs used the same measure (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAMD]). Patients and clinicians matched each item within the 25 most frequently used measures with 80 previously identified domains of depression that matter to patients. Seven (9%) domains were not covered by the 25 most frequently used outcome measures (eg, mental pain and irritability). The HAMD covered a maximum of 47 (59%) of the 80 domains that matter to patients. An interim solution to facilitate evidence synthesis before a core outcome set is developed would be to use the most common measures and choose complementary scales to optimise domain coverage. TRANSLATIONS: For the French and Dutch translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Influences of Software Changes on Oxycodone Prescribing at an Australian Tertiary Emergency Department: A Retrospective Review.

Opioid prescribing and dispensing from emergency departments is a noteworthy issue given widespread opioid misuse and diversion in many countries, contributing both physical and economic harm to the population. High patient numbers and the stochastic nature of acute emergency presentations to emergency departments (EDs) introduce challenges for prescribers who are considering opioid stewardship principles. This study investigated the effect of changes to electronic prescribing software on prescriptions with an auto-populated quantity of oxycodone immediate release (IR) from an Australian tertiary emergency department following the implementation of national recommendations for reduced pack sizes. A retrospective review of oxycodone IR prescriptions over two six-month periods between 2019 and 2021 was undertaken, either side of a software adjustment to reduce the default quantities of tablets prescribed from 20 to 10. Patient demographic details were collected, and prescriber years of practice calculated for inclusion in linear mixed effects regression modelling. A reduction in the median number of tablets prescribed per prescription following the software changes (13.5 to 10.0, p < 0.001) with little change in the underlying characteristics of the patient or prescriber populations was observed, as well as an 11.65% reduction in the total number of tablets prescribed. The prescriber's years of practice, patient age and patient sex were found to influence increased prescription sizes. Reduced quantity of oxycodone tablets prescribed was achieved by alteration of prescribing software prefill parameters, providing further evidence to support systems-based policy interventions to influence health care providers behaviour and to act as a forcing function for prescribers to consider opioid stewardship principles.

Spread of awareness of COVID-19 between December 2019 and March 2020 in France.

During the early phase of outbreaks, awareness of the presence of the disease plays an important role in transmission dynamics. To investigate the processes of how people become aware of a disease, we conducted two complementary investigations. First, we surveyed 868 academic researchers in France, on the time and circumstances when they became aware of COVID-19 as an important event. We found that 25% did so before February 18th (first death in France), 50% did so before March 10th (first presidential allocution) and 75% did so before March 16th (announcement of the lockdown). Awareness came from nine categories of circumstances: (1) decisions taken by the government (elicited by 35.7% participants); (2) information from media or social media (24.7%); (3) conversation with friends (22.4%); (4) observed changes in their personal lives (14.0%); (5) decisions taken by the employer (9.2%); (6) observed changes at work (9.9%); (7) suspected case of COVID-19 in their entourage (3.1%); (8) fear for oneself or their entourage (2.8%) and (9) self-appraisal of scientific reports (2.8%). Second, we appraised three general media in France (a television news show, a radio news show, and a newspaper) and showed that COVID-19 became a preeminent topic only after March 1st 2020 when the epidemic is present on national soil. Our results show that multiple intricated factors prompt the awareness of an emerging infectious disease. Awareness is not solely driven by general media as they begin to focus on the topic late.

Pharmacogenomic Analysis of CYP3A5*3 and Tacrolimus Trough Concentrations in Vietnamese Renal Transplant Outcomes.

Purpose: CYP3A5 polymorphisms have been associated with variations in the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus (Tac) in kidney transplant patients. Our study aims to quantify how the CYP3A5 genotype influences tacrolimus trough concentrations (C0) in a Vietnamese outpatient population by selecting an appropriate population pharmacokinetic model of Tac for our patients. Patients and Methods: The external dataset was obtained prospectively from 54 data of adult kidney transplant recipients treated at the 103 Military Hospital. All published Tac population pharmacokinetic models were systematically screened from PubMed and Scopus databases and were selected based on our patient's available characteristics. Mean absolute prediction error (MAPE), mean prediction error, and goodness-of-fit plots were used to identify the appropriate model for finding the formula that identifies the influence of CYP3A5 genotype on the pharmacokinetic data of Vietnamese patients. Results: The model of Zhu et al had a good predictive ability with MAPE of 19.29%. The influence of CYP3A5 genotype on tacrolimus clearance was expressed by the following formulas: CL/F=27,2×[(WT/70)0,75]×[(HCT/0,35)-0,501]×[(POD/180)0,0306]×CYP3A5(L/h). The simulation result showed that Tac C0 was significantly higher in patients not expressing CYP3A5 (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The incorporation of the CYP3A5 phenotype into Zhu's structural model has significantly enhanced our ability to predict Tacrolimus trough levels in the Vietnamese population. This study's results underscore the valuable role of CYP3A5 phenotype in optimizing the forecast of Tac concentrations, offering a promising avenue to assist health-care practitioners in their clinical decision-making and ultimately advance patient care outcomes.

Synergic effect of CaI2 and LiI on ionic conductivity of solution-based synthesized Li7P3S11 solid electrolyte.

Li7P3S11 doped with CaX2 (X = Cl, Br, I) and LiI solid electrolytes were successfully prepared by liquid-phase synthesis using acetonitrile as the reaction medium. Their structure was investigated using XRD, Raman spectroscopy and SEM-EDS. The data obtained from complex impedance spectroscopy was analyzed to study the ionic conductivity and relaxation dynamics in the prepared samples. The XRD results suggested that a part of CaX2 and LiI incorporated into the structure of Li7P3S11, while the remaining part existed at the grain boundary of the Li7P3S11 particle. The Raman peak positions of PS43- and P2S74- ions in samples 90Li7P3S11-5CaI2 and 90Li7P3S11-5CaI2-5LiI had shifted as compared to the Li7P3S11 sample, showing that CaI2 addition affected the vibration of PS43- and P2S74- ions. EDS results indicated that CaI2 and LiI were well dispersed in the prepared powder sample. The ionic conductivity at 25 °C of sample 90Li7P3S11-5CaI2-5LiI reached a very high value of 3.1 mS cm-1 due to the improvement of Li-ion movement at the grain boundary and structural improvement upon CaI2 and LiI doping. This study encouraged the application of Li7P3S11 in all-solid-state Li-ion batteries.

Concomitant Surgical Ablation for Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery: A Single-Center Experience in Vietnam.

BACKGROUND: This study presents the early and midterm outcomes of combining atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment with minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) at our center. METHODS: From January 2017 to June 2022, our center treated a total of 86 patients with both MIMVS and surgical AF ablation. The patient cohort included 62 women (72.1%) and 24 men (27.9%). The average EuroScore II was 2.64 ± 1.49%, and the patients were followed up for an average period of 46.31 ± 9.84 months. RESULTS: Postoperatively, 95.3% of patients experienced a change in sinus rhythm, and 86.2% were discharged in sinus rhythm. The hospital's mortality rate was 2.3%, with a late mortality rate of 3.5%. Survival analysis revealed an atrial fibrillation-free 5-year follow-up rate of 59.1 ± 9.1%. The 5-year survival rate was 92.7 ± 3.3%. CONCLUSION: Our 5-year experience demonstrates that the combination of MIMVS and surgical AF ablation can be routinely performed with favorable peri- and postoperative outcomes. This reflects our hospital's culture and guidance on patient selection, particularly when adopting minimally invasive approaches for multiple procedures.

Stigma in vitiligo: associated factors and severity strata of the Patient Unique Stigmatization Holistic tool in Dermatology (PUSH-D) score.

BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is the most common cause of skin depigmentation worldwide. Patients with vitiligo may experience stigma and this needs to be addressed. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate stigma in patients with vitiligo, search for associated factors and establish severity strata for the Patient Unique Stigmatization Holistic tool in Dermatology (PUSH-D) for patients with vitiligo. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in ComPaRe Vitiligo, an e-cohort of adult patients with vitiligo. Stigmatization was assessed using the PUSH-D, a recently validated dermatology-specific stigmatization assessment tool. We conducted univariate and multivariable linear regression to identify patient and disease factors associated with the stigmatization. We used an anchor-based approach to define severity strata for the PUSH-D. RESULTS: In total, 318 patients participated (mean age 49.7 years; 73.9% women). Fitzpatrick skin phototype IV-VI, severe facial involvement (high Self-Assessment Vitiligo Extent Score of the face) and depression (high Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score) were positively -associated with a higher stigmatization score, although this association was weak [r = 0.24 (P < 0.001) and r = 0.30 (P < 0.001), respectively]. PUSH-D cutoff values that best discriminated patients with high and low stigma, as defined by the anchor question, were 13 and 23 (κ = 0.622, 95% confidence interval 0.53-0.71). CONCLUSIONS: Our study is the first to use a skin-specific stigmatization tool to assess stigma in patients with vitiligo. Creating strata helps to better interpret the PUSH-D in daily practice and may facilitate its use in clinical trials.

Vitiligo is an acquired autoimmune condition characterized by well-defined depigmented patches of skin on the body. The condition affects approximately 1% of the world's population and those living with vitiligo have long experienced stigmatization. Despite the fact that previous research has investigated the correlation between stigma and vitiligo using non-specific stigma tools, to our knowledge, no study has specifically assessed stigma in people with vitiligo. This study was carried out among French patients with vitiligo to evaluate both felt and actual stigma using the Patient Unique Stigmatization Holistic tool in Dermatology (PUSH-D), a new skin-specific stigma score. We also looked for correlations between PUSH-D scores and other questionnaires measuring levels of anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9). We found that PHQ-9 scores for depression were significantly positively correlated with PUSH-D scores, although these correlations were weak. When examining which factors were associated with higher stigma, we found that darker skin phototypes and severe facial involvement predicted higher stigma. However, we found that hand involvement did not. Overall, vitiligo is associated with a lot of stigma and it has been shown to be a barrier to employment. Therefore, an objective evaluation of vitiligo is required in order to facilitate access and reimbursement of treatment (including those existing and under development). The findings from this study highlight how further research is needed with more diverse groups of people, to better objectify stigma associated with vitiligo.

Five undescribed aryltetralin lignans with cytotoxic activities from the fruits of Cleistanthus eberhardtii.

Five undescribed lignans, cleiseberharnins A-D (1-4), cleiseberharside A (5) were isolated from the fruits of Cleistanthus eberhartii (Phyllanthaceae), together with six known aryltetralin lignans, cleistantoxin (6), picroburseranin (7), neocleistantoxin (8), 7-hydroxypicropolygamain (9), cleisindoside D (10), and cleisindoside A (11). Their structures and relative configurations were established by analysis of HRESIMS and NMR data, and quantum chemical calculations of JH,H coupling constants. The absolute configurations of 1-5 were determined by analysis of their experimental CD spectra and comparison with calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. All compounds (1-11) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against KB, MCF-7, HepG-2, and Lu-1 human cancer cell lines. Among the tested compounds, compounds 6 and 7 showed strong activity against KB, MCF7, HepG2 and Lu-1 cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 0.02-0.62 µM. Compound 1 showed activity against three cancer cell lines KB, HepG2, and Lu-1 with IC50 values of 6.98, 7.61 and 11.75 µM, respectively. Compound 2 exhibited a selective inhibition with moderate cytotoxicity against Lu-1 with IC50 value of 15.30 µM. Compounds 4, 5 and 9 showed moderate activity against the three cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 8.73-19.70 µM.

Electrocardiographic and genetic characteristics in first degree relatives of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy probands: A descriptive cross-sectional study from Vietnam.

Objectives: In order to study the phenotype-genotype relationship and to better understand the early consequences of the mutation, we would report the spectrum of electrocardiographic and genetic features in the relatives of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. Methods: Participants underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment, electrocardiography, standardized and echocardiography and genetic testing. In probands, next-generation sequencing was performed using the gene panel associated with HCM, while in relatives, Sanger sequencing was used to screen for mutations identified in their individual probands. Results: A total of 84 participants were included in this study. The interventricular septal and posterior wall thickness was highest in the G+/LVH+ group, followed by the G+/LVH- group, and was lowest in G-/LVH- group. Compared to the normal control group, the pathologic Q wave was statistically more prevalent in the G+/LVH- group. The prevalence of repolarization abnormalities and major abnormalities was highest in the G+/LVH+ group, followed by the G+/LVH- group, and lowest in G-/LVH- group. Conclusion: Our results suggested that sarcomere mutations have early consequences on myocardial biology. These findings suggest the possibility of implementing a mutation carrier detection model within families affected by HCM, where ECG could play a central role when combined with other relevant clinical factors. Longitudinal studies on a cohort of G+/LVH- patients are required.