[Formulation regularity and thinking of adjuvant sleep-improving Chinese medicinal health products].

To summarize and analyze the current adjuvant sleep-improving Chinese medicinal health products,this study retrieved the information on health products with the sleep-improving effect published by the Department of Special Food Safety Supervision and Management,State Administration for Market Regulation( SMAR),which was statistically analyzed with Microsoft Excel and TCMISS for the characteristics of formulations. A total of 435 sleep-improving health products were collected,including 344 ones containing Chinese herbal medicines. Among them,413 health products were not suitable for adolescents,neither 194 for pregnant women. Ten Chinese herbal medicines showed a frequency of use ≥40,with 1 095 times( 73. 1%) in use. Through unsupervised hierarchical entropy-based clustering of the above Chinese herbal medicines of health products( degree of support of 45 and confidence coefficient of0. 7),12 new formulas were obtained. The composition of Chinese herbal medicines was consistent with the principles of improving sleep in traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) theories,i. e.,replenishing the heart and spleen,nourishing blood,calming the nerves,nourishing Yin,reducing internal heat,communicating the heart and kidney,replenishing Qi,relieving convulsions,clearing heat,resolving phlegm,regulating the middle warmer,soothing the liver,relieving heat,and calming the heart. According to TCM theories,syndrome differentiation was performed based on the existing sleep-improving health products,followed by data mining and analysis according to the formulation regularity,aiming to provide new ideas for the development of new Chinese medicinal health products. In particular,attention should be attached to the requirements of special populations to provide a basis for follow-up studies,exert the advantages of TCM,and lay a foundation for Chinese medicinal health products to service the public.

Diagnostic value of multidetector CT in acute and chronic mesenteric venous thrombosis / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective · To analyze the multidetector CT (MDCT) manifestations of mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) and further explore the diagnostic value of MDCT in acute and chronic MVT. Methods · MDCT findings of 47 MVT patients clinically confirmed in Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Second People's Hospital in Kashgar from January 2012 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The mean CT value of thrombus on CT axial images of acute and chronic MVT was measured and calculated. According to CT values and CT manifestations, differences between the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results · Among 47 patients with MVT, there were 46 (97.87％) with filling defect of mesenteric vein and its branches, 34 (72.34％) with dilatation of blood vessels at the thrombosis site, 30 (63.82％) with intestinal wall thickening, 9 (19.15％) with enhanced delamination of intestinal wall, 11 (23.40％) with intestinal dilatation, 21 (44.68％) with ascites, and 25 (53.19％) with mesenteric edema. The mean CT value of MVT thrombus in acute group [ (42.88±17.77) HU] was higher than that in chronic group [ (31.80±6.18) HU] (P＜0.05). The proportion of MVT with vasodilation and target sign in acute group was higher than that in chronic group (P＜0.05). There was no difference in the ratio of other signs between the two groups. Conclusion · The MDCT findings of MVT patients are characteristic. CT value of thrombus, vasodilation and target sign are valuable in evaluating acute and chronic MVT.

Development of selectable marker-free transgenic potato plants expressing cry3A against the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say).

BACKGROUND: Elimination of selectable marker genes (SMGs) is important for the safe assessment and commercial use of transgenic plants. The destructive and invasive Colorado potato beetle (CPB) poses a serious threat to potato production. In response to this need, selectable marker-free transgenic potato lines expressing cry3A were developed to control the damage and spread of CPB. RESULTS: We simultaneously introduced cry3A and npt II genes harboured in different plasmids into the potato genome using the Agrobacterium-mediated cotransformation method. Four selectable marker-free transgenic potato (CT) lines expressing cry3A were developed by self-crossing segregation and molecular analyses, including Southern blot, western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays. CT lines were used in a resistance bioassay against CPB in the laboratory and field. In the laboratory, CT lines exhibited high resistance to CPB, and 100% mortality of first-instar larvae occurred 6 days after infestation. In the field, untransformed plant leaves were almost entirely consumed, with an average of 155 larvae present per plant 25 days after inoculation. However, CT lines showed no damage symptoms, with approximately 2.5 larvae surviving per plant. CONCLUSION: We successfully eliminated SMGs from the transgenic potato lines expressing cry3A in order to decrease CPB damage, control the spread of this pest eastwards and alleviate the concern regarding the safe assessment of regulatory requirements. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.

[Effect of human papilloma virus infection status on the prognosis of localized stage head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in different ethnic groups of Xinjiang].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effect of limited head and neck squamous cell carcinomas human papillomavirus(HPV) infection status on the prognosis in different nationalities of Xinjiang. METHODS: The clinical data of 149 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from Uighur, Han and Kazak was analyzed. The HPV16/18 infection and viral load was examined.The prognosis was analyzed by cox multiIvar-Iate model. The effect of HPV infection status on prognosis was evaluated. RESULTS: In this study, Oropharyngeal HPV infection rate was 35.0%, followed by hypopharynx 30.0%, oropharyx was 16.0%. The overall survival rate of 3 years and 5 years was 66.4%, and 39.2% respectively. The clinical stage,N stage and HPV were influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (P< 0.05). N stage and HPV were independent prognostic factors for the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is a high rate of HPV infection in oropharynx in head and neck cancer. HPV positive is a protective factor for the prognosis of head and neck cancer, and the risk of death in patients with HPV was 3/5 lower than that of HPV negative patients. HPV viral load may be positively related to the total survival rate. N stage is a risk factor for the prognosis of head and neck cancer. Different nationalities have little influence on prognosis.

Effect of human papilloma virus infection status on the prognosis of localized stage head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in different ethnic groups of Xinjiang / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the effect of limited head and neck squamous cell carcinomas human papillomavirus(HPV) infection status on the prognosis in different nationalities of Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 149 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from Uighur, Han and Kazak was analyzed. The HPV16/18 infection and viral load was examined.The prognosis was analyzed by cox multiIvar-Iate model. The effect of HPV infection status on prognosis was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In this study, Oropharyngeal HPV infection rate was 35.0%, followed by hypopharynx 30.0%, oropharyx was 16.0%. The overall survival rate of 3 years and 5 years was 66.4%, and 39.2% respectively. The clinical stage,N stage and HPV were influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (P< 0.05). N stage and HPV were independent prognostic factors for the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (P< 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There is a high rate of HPV infection in oropharynx in head and neck cancer. HPV positive is a protective factor for the prognosis of head and neck cancer, and the risk of death in patients with HPV was 3/5 lower than that of HPV negative patients. HPV viral load may be positively related to the total survival rate. N stage is a risk factor for the prognosis of head and neck cancer. Different nationalities have little influence on prognosis.</p>

Association of ADAM33 gene polymorphisms with asthma in the Uygur population of China.

Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases, affecting ∼300 million children and adults worldwide. Previous studies identified a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 33 (ADAM33) as an important susceptibility gene for asthma in patients of different nationalities; however, it is unknown whether this relationship exists in ethnically diverse populations. The present study focused on the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ADAM33 gene and asthma in the Uygur population of China. Three SNPs of ADAM33 (T1, S+1 and F+1) were genotyped in a case-control study among the Chinese Uygur population, involving 126 adult asthmatic patients and 126 healthy controls. The frequency of the ADAM33 T1 C allele among asthma patients was significantly higher compared to healthy controls (20.6 vs. 11.1%, P=0.003). The distribution of ADAM33 genotypes differed significantly between the two groups. The frequency of the T1 TC genotype was higher among patients compared to healthy controls [odds ratio (OR)=2.118, P=0.016] and the variant genotype, TC+CC, increased the risk of asthma (OR=2.244, P=0.005). Following adjustment for confounding factors, the ORs of TC and TC+CC for asthma were 2.317 and 2.522, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the forced expiratory volume (FEV1) levels in patients with the TC genotype compared to the TT genotype of T1. Haplotype analysis revealed that the frequencies of Hap5 (CAC) and Hap6 (CAT) were significantly higher among asthmatic patients compared to healthy controls (P=0.024 and 0.016, respectively). The genotype and allele frequencies of SNP S+1 and F+1 were not statistically different between asthmatic patients and controls. In conclusion, the ADAM33 T1 SNP may affect susceptibility to asthma in the Chinese Uygur population.

How we can improve patients' comfort after Milligan-Morgan open haemorrhoidectomy.

AIM: To demonstrate the value of Diosmin (flavonidic fraction) in the management of post-haemorhoidectomic symptoms. METHODS: Eighty-six consecutive patients with grades III and IV acute mixed hemorrhoids admitted to the Anorectal Surgical Department of First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University from April 2009 to April 2010, were enrolled in this study. An observer-blinded, randomized trial was conducted to compare post-haemorhoidectomic symptoms with use of Diosmin flavonidic fraction vs placebo. Eighty-six patients were randomly allocated to receive Diosmin flavonidic fraction 500 mg for 1 wk (n = 43) or placebo (n = 43). The Milligan-Morgan open haemorrhoidectomy was performed by a standardized diathermy excision method. Pain, bleeding, heaviness, pruritus, wound edema and mucosal discharge were observed after surgery. The postoperative symptoms and hospitalization time were recorded. RESULTS: The mean age of the Diosmin group and controls was 53.2 and 51.3 years, respectively. In Diosmin group, haemorrhoid piles were of the third degree in 33 patients and the fourth degree in 10; and in the control group, 29 were of the third degree and 14 were of the fourth degree. There was no statistically significance in age, gender distribution, degree and number of excised haemorrhoid piles, and the mean duration of haemorrhoidal disease between the two groups. There was a statistically significant improvement in pain, heaviness, bleeding, pruritus from baseline to the 8th week after operation (P < 0.05). Patients taking Diosmin had a shorter hospitalization stay after surgery (P < 0.05). There was also a significant improvement on the proctoscopic appearance (P < 0.001). However, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of wound mucosal discharge. Two patients experienced minor bleeding at the 8th week in Diosmin group, and underwent surgery. CONCLUSION: Diosmin is effective in alleviating postoperational symptoms of haemorrhoids. Therefore, it should be considered for the initial treatment after haemorrhoid surgery. However, further prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm the findings of this study.

[Correlates of bronchial asthma in Uygur and Han adults in Turpan prefecture, Xinjiang].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze possible difference in bronchial asthma between ethnic and geographic groups and explore its correlates among Uygur and Han adults in Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-six clinically diagnosed asthmatic patients at Turpan Prefecture Hospital, Xinjiang, 86 of Uygur and 80 of Han ethnic, and 166 1:1 matched controls from ophthalmological outpatient department at the same hospital were recruited into the study. Interview with questionnaire was conducted and serum levels of eosinophilic cation protein (S-ECP), total IgE (T-IgE) and specific IgE (S-IgE) were measured for all of the participants to study related factors for asthma with univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Bronchial infection (OR(U) = 5.111, 95%CI: 1.203 - 21.710; OR(H) = 2.498, 95%CI: 1.471 - 5.069), family history of asthma (OR(U) = 3.078, 95%CI: 1.812 - 5.188; OR(H) = 2.711, 95%CI: 1.010 - 6.176), personal allergy history (OR(U) = 2.083, 95%CI: 1.043 - 4.162; OR(H) = 3.998, 95%CI: 1.739 - 9.198), weather change (OR(U) = 2.218, 95%CI: 1.199 - 3.778; OR(H) = 1.733, 95%CI: 1.004 - 2.994) and positive S-IgE (OR(U) = 1.592, 95%CI: 1.018 - 2.491; OR(H) = 3.858, 95%CI: 2.246 - 8.507) correlated with asthma in patients of both Uygur and Han ethnic. Percentage of asthma attack induced by respiratory infection [59.30% (51/86)] and weather change [36.05% (31/86)] in Uygur patients was significantly higher than that in Han ethnic [42.50% (34/80) and 21.25% (17/80), respectively], but percentage of those with personal allergy history [48.75% (39/80)] and positive S-IgE [52.50% (42/80)] in Han ethnic was significantly higher than that in Uygur [32.56% (28/86) and 30.23% (26/86), respectively]. Levels of S-ECP and T-IgE in patients with moderate and severe asthma of both Uygur and Han ethnic [(S-ECP(U) = 7.95 +/- 3.98) microg/L, S-ECP(H) = (11.21 +/- 4.74) microg/L, T- IgE(U) = (72.23 +/- 45.92) kU/L, T-IgE(H) = (108.81 +/- 64.07) kU/L, respectively]were significantly higher than those in controls of the same ethnic [S- ECP(U) = (1.94 +/- 1.16) microg/L, S-ECP(H) = (2.07 +/- 1.63) microg/L, T-IgE(U) = (46.19 +/- 32.47) kU/L, T-IgE(H) = (50.97 +/- 38.51) kU/L; t values were 8.96, 10.52, 2.81, 4.97, P < 0.01], higher in Han ethnic than those in Uygur (t values were 3.01, 2.68, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Bronchial infection, family asthma history, personal allergy history, weather change and positive S-IgE all were important correlates of asthma in Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang. Levels of S-ECP and T-IgE in patients with moderate and severe asthma increased during its attacks, higher in Han ethnic than those in Uygur. Genetic and environmental factors may be involved in occurrence and development of asthma.

Correlates of bronchial asthma in Uygur and Han adults in Turpan prefecture, Xinjiang / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze possible difference in bronchial asthma between ethnic and geographic groups and explore its correlates among Uygur and Han adults in Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and sixty-six clinically diagnosed asthmatic patients at Turpan Prefecture Hospital, Xinjiang, 86 of Uygur and 80 of Han ethnic, and 166 1:1 matched controls from ophthalmological outpatient department at the same hospital were recruited into the study. Interview with questionnaire was conducted and serum levels of eosinophilic cation protein (S-ECP), total IgE (T-IgE) and specific IgE (S-IgE) were measured for all of the participants to study related factors for asthma with univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bronchial infection (OR(U) = 5.111, 95%CI: 1.203 - 21.710; OR(H) = 2.498, 95%CI: 1.471 - 5.069), family history of asthma (OR(U) = 3.078, 95%CI: 1.812 - 5.188; OR(H) = 2.711, 95%CI: 1.010 - 6.176), personal allergy history (OR(U) = 2.083, 95%CI: 1.043 - 4.162; OR(H) = 3.998, 95%CI: 1.739 - 9.198), weather change (OR(U) = 2.218, 95%CI: 1.199 - 3.778; OR(H) = 1.733, 95%CI: 1.004 - 2.994) and positive S-IgE (OR(U) = 1.592, 95%CI: 1.018 - 2.491; OR(H) = 3.858, 95%CI: 2.246 - 8.507) correlated with asthma in patients of both Uygur and Han ethnic. Percentage of asthma attack induced by respiratory infection [59.30% (51/86)] and weather change [36.05% (31/86)] in Uygur patients was significantly higher than that in Han ethnic [42.50% (34/80) and 21.25% (17/80), respectively], but percentage of those with personal allergy history [48.75% (39/80)] and positive S-IgE [52.50% (42/80)] in Han ethnic was significantly higher than that in Uygur [32.56% (28/86) and 30.23% (26/86), respectively]. Levels of S-ECP and T-IgE in patients with moderate and severe asthma of both Uygur and Han ethnic [(S-ECP(U) = 7.95 +/- 3.98) microg/L, S-ECP(H) = (11.21 +/- 4.74) microg/L, T- IgE(U) = (72.23 +/- 45.92) kU/L, T-IgE(H) = (108.81 +/- 64.07) kU/L, respectively]were significantly higher than those in controls of the same ethnic [S- ECP(U) = (1.94 +/- 1.16) microg/L, S-ECP(H) = (2.07 +/- 1.63) microg/L, T-IgE(U) = (46.19 +/- 32.47) kU/L, T-IgE(H) = (50.97 +/- 38.51) kU/L; t values were 8.96, 10.52, 2.81, 4.97, P < 0.01], higher in Han ethnic than those in Uygur (t values were 3.01, 2.68, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Bronchial infection, family asthma history, personal allergy history, weather change and positive S-IgE all were important correlates of asthma in Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang. Levels of S-ECP and T-IgE in patients with moderate and severe asthma increased during its attacks, higher in Han ethnic than those in Uygur. Genetic and environmental factors may be involved in occurrence and development of asthma.</p>