ABSTRACT
AIM: The aims of this study were to evaluate the surface morphology and surface roughness of restorative materials containing glass ionomer, analyze Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation on the surface of materials, and determine the correlation between surface roughness and biofilm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four restorative materials: resin-modified glass ionomer; giomer; amalgomer; and glass carbomer were used and for each material, 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness disc-shaped specimens were prepared to evaluate the surface morphology (n = 3), surface roughness (n = 16), and biofilm (n = 20). Surface morphology was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope. Surface roughness was evaluated via an atomic force microscope. The biofilm was evaluated by counting the colony-forming units. Surface roughness measurements were evaluated using a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey HSD test. Biofilm parameters were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U test. Pearson's correlation test was used to determine the correlation between surface roughness and biofilm. RESULTS: While the highest roughness values were obtained for amalgomer and glass carbomer, the lowest roughness values belonged to giomer and resin-modified glass ionomer. Statistically significant differences in the number of adherent bacteria were observed between the materials only on day 1. No statistically significant correlation was determined between surface roughness and biofilm. CONCLUSIONS: The resin content and small filler particle size of material positively affect surface roughness. However, there is no direct relationship between surface roughness and biofilm.
Subject(s)
Apatites/chemistry , Biofilms/growth & development , Composite Resins/pharmacology , Dental Plaque/prevention & control , Glass Ionomer Cements/chemistry , Streptococcus mutans/growth & development , Acrylic Resins , Composite Resins/chemistry , Dental Plaque/microbiology , Dental Restoration, Permanent , Humans , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Silicon Dioxide , Streptococcus mutans/drug effects , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of patients with inguinal hernia where the Moloney darn or Lichtenstein procedure was used as the surgical choice. METHOD: A herniorrhaphy procedure was performed in a total of 306 patients at our clinic between January 2003 and December 2008. The duration of operations and complication and recurrent rates were compared between the two groups. Hematoma formation, seroma collection, and wound infection were accepted as early complications, whereas chronic pain, loss of sensation at the operation site, and the rejection of mesh were accepted as late complications. RESULTS: Considering early complications as hematoma formation, the accumulation of seroma and wound infection ratios were similar in the two groups. Loss of sensation at the operation site and chronic pain, which were classified as late complications, were similar in the groups. However, in considering rejection, there were three rejections in the group where mesh was used. CONCLUSION: The darn repair method is simple, safe, and has similar recurrence rates when compared to the Lichtenstein method in inguinal hernia patients.