ABSTRACT
Lung cancer is a significant contributor to cancer morbidity and mortality globally. Arenobufagin, a compound derived from Bufo viridis toad venom, has demonstrated the ability to inhibit cell growth in various cancer cell lines. However, our understanding of the role and mechanism of arenobufagin in lung cancer remains incomplete, necessitating further researches to fully elucidate its action mechanism. In this study, we further explored the impact of arenobufagin on A549 cells. The results revealed that it exerted a potent cytotoxic effect on A549 cells by inhibiting cell colony formation, promoting cell apoptosis, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and arresting A549 cells in G2/M phase. Collectively, our findings suggested that arenobufagin may have potential as a future therapeutic for lung cancer treatment.
Subject(s)
Amphibian Venoms , Bufanolides , Lung Neoplasms , Humans , A549 Cells , Amphibian Venoms/pharmacology , Apoptosis , G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Cell Proliferation , Cell Line, Tumor , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Cell Cycle CheckpointsABSTRACT
A series of bufadienolides were isolated from the Bufo viridis toad venom, and their cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines (HeLa, HT-29, MCF7) and a non-cancer cell line (L-O2) were explored using the MTT assay in vitro. All of nine compounds exhibited cytotoxic activities against the three cancer cell lines, with compound D4 exhibiting potent cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells and was better than positive control. Herein, we further evaluated the effect of compound D4 on HeLa cells. The results revealed that compound D4 has excellent cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells by inhibiting cell colony formation and migration, promoting cell apoptosis, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and arresting of HeLa cells in S and G2/M phases. These findings encourage further work on the chemistry and bioactivity of the Bufo viridis toad venom.
Subject(s)
Amphibian Venoms , Antineoplastic Agents , Bufanolides , Neoplasms , Animals , Humans , HeLa Cells , Cell Line, Tumor , Bufanolides/toxicity , Bufanolides/chemistry , Amphibian Venoms/pharmacology , Amphibian Venoms/chemistry , Bufonidae , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Cell Cycle Checkpoints , ApoptosisABSTRACT
Two new polyamine alkaloids (bufonines A-B), together with four known alkaloids, bufotenidine (3), bufotenine (4), 1-(ß-d-ribofuranosyl)-lH-1,2,4-triazone (5) and proline (6) were isolated from the Bufo viridis toad venom. Their structures were identified by UV, HR-ESI-MS, NMR spectral analyses, and comparison of theoretical and experimental ECD data. All compounds were tested in vitro cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines (HT-29, A549 and Hela). None of the compounds showed cytotoxicity towards all tested cell lines. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of alkaloid components from Bufo viridis toad venom.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is an increasing public health problem in the world. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes whose complications contribute to its high death rate. It seriously impacts healthcare systems and patients' quality of life. Therefore, effective measures and new treatment strategies are needed to solve this increasingly serious global problem. In recent years, inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) has emerged as a new treatment option for Type 2 diabetes. This article reviews various plant DPP-IV inhibitors that showed inhibition toward enzyme as a major target for the management of Type 2 diabetes. These studies can contribute to the future development of DPP-IV inhibitors as drugs.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/chemistry , Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/chemistry , Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry , Anacardiaceae/chemistry , Anacardiaceae/metabolism , Biological Products/chemistry , Biological Products/isolation & purification , Biological Products/pharmacology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology , Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/metabolism , Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/isolation & purification , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Rhizophoraceae/chemistry , Rhizophoraceae/metabolism , Smilax/chemistry , Smilax/metabolism , Vigna/chemistry , Vigna/metabolismABSTRACT
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting 25 million people worldwide, and cholinergic hypothesis is considered as an important hypotheses in the processes of improving cognitive function and recognition skills in recent years. For the long-term treatment of AD, traditional Chinese medicine are particularly suitable for drug discovery. In this review, we sum up six traditional Chinese medicinal herbs concerned with development of AChEIs, including Herba Epimedii, Coptis Chinensis Franch, Rhizoma Curcumae Longae, Green tea, Ganoderma, Panax Ginseng. The listed compounds based on these herbs are belonging to six classes Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Ketones, Polyphenols, Terpenoid and Saponins, respectively. These compounds could be very promising agents in the search for potent anti-Alzheimer's drugs.