ABSTRACT
This Presidential Address examines the current health-care situation, focusing on group therapists and patients. Psychodynamically inclined practitioners emphasize that group treatment effectiveness is related to the quality and strength of the "therapeutic alliance". But the empowerment of provider-administrators to determine treatment availability can undermine the treatment bond, so vitally needed for effective and efficient therapy! Although health-care costs have increased rapidly and need realistic containment, the importance of the group-therapist bond must be enhanced rather than minimized since it contributes to favorable therapeutic results. The final section addresses some possible approaches to protecting treatment.
Subject(s)
Managed Care Programs , Physician-Patient Relations , Psychoanalytic Therapy , Psychotherapy, Group , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Humans , Managed Care Programs/economics , Psychoanalytic Therapy/economics , Psychotherapy, Group/economics , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Psychoanalytic Theory , History, 20th Century , Humans , Hungary , Personality Development , United StatesSubject(s)
Ego , Psychoanalytic Theory , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Personality Development , Self ConceptSubject(s)
Psychoanalytic Therapy , Psychotherapy, Group , Defense Mechanisms , Group Processes , Humans , Psychoanalytic Theory , United StatesABSTRACT
Following a brief survey of the history and evolution of parental roles in Western society, early psychoanalytic concepts about the father's role are presented. Freud noted two opposing paternal images in the young boy's mind, namely how love for father and reverence for his power clash with hostility towards the father who is feared as a rival. Freud's personal family history, his self-analysis and the climate of his times led him to formulate the oedipus complex and to propose its role in personality development and pathology. After examining the earlier analytic formulations, more recent related theories are noted. For a period of time, a shift in emphasis from paternal influence to maternal role accompanied the concern with childhood developmental psychology. Following this downplaying of the father's importance, nowadays there is increased appreciation of the influence of both parents and the significance of their relationship with one another upon their children's emotional growth. The final portion of this paper deals with a contemporary view of the specific roles of the father in the child's capacity to mature and separate.
