ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Adherence to antipsychotic medication and care discontinuity remain a challenge to healthcare practitioners providing care to patients with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE: This study used real-world data from a US hospital-based, all-payer database to examine clinical quality measures among patients with schizophrenia initiated on a long-acting injectable (LAI) or switched to a new oral antipsychotic medication (OAP) following a hospitalization. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study using the PINC AI™ Healthcare Database compared two cohorts of patients with schizophrenia on post-index hospitalization clinical quality and care continuity endpoints. Patients initiated on an LAI (n = 7292) or switched to a new OAP (n = 31,956) during an index hospitalization between April 2017 and April 2020 were included. Propensity score weighting addressed differences in patient, hospital, and clinical characteristics between the two cohorts. RESULTS: Patients who initiated an LAI experienced significantly greater adjusted 30-day antipsychotic medication continuation to index therapy, higher rate of 30-day outpatient follow-up care, longer mean time to discontinuation of index therapy, and lower risk of discontinuing their index treatment compared to patients who switched to a new OAP (all p values < 0.001). Probability of 30-day antipsychotic medication continuation was significantly higher for LAI initiators than for patients who switched to a new OAP, even after controlling for patient, clinical, and hospital characteristics (adjusted odds ratio = 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.3, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Patients who initiated an LAI in a hospital setting experienced better clinical quality and care continuity outcomes compared to patients who were switched to a new OAP. These findings may be useful in identifying solutions to help improve the quality of medication management post-hospital discharge among patients with schizophrenia.
ABSTRACT
The aim was to describe inpatients with COVID-19 empirically prescribed heparinoid anticoagulants and compare resource utilization between prophylactic/low-dose and therapeutic/high-dose groups. Methods: This retrospective observational study used real-world data from 880 US hospitals in the PINC AI™ Healthcare Database during 4/1/2020-11/30/2020. Descriptive analysis was used to characterize patients. Multivariable regression was used to evaluate intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, length of stay (LOS), mortality, and costs by anticoagulation dose group, adjusting for cohort characteristics. Among 122,508 inpatients, 29,225 (23.9%) received therapeutic/high-dose, and 93,283 (76.1%) received prophylactic/low-dose anticoagulation. The high-dose group had more comorbidities and worse laboratory values compared with low-dose. Respectively, ICU admission rates were 36.7% and 19.1% and LOS median (Q1, Q3) was 8 (5, 15) and 5 (3, 9) days. In separate adjusted models, high-dose anticoagulation was associated with a 45% increase in odds of ICU admission, 26% increase in odds of in-hospital mortality, 21% longer average LOS, and 28% greater average total cost compared with low-dose (each P < 0.001). Prophylactic/low-dose anticoagulation treatment was associated with decreased healthcare resource utilization (HRU) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.