ABSTRACT
The highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b have caused unprecedented deaths in South American wild birds, poultry, and marine mammals. In September 2023, pinnipeds and seabirds appeared dead on the Uruguayan Atlantic coast. Sixteen influenza virus strains were characterized by real-time reverse transcription PCR and genome sequencing in samples from sea lions (Otaria flavescens), fur seals (Arctocephalus australis), and terns (Sterna hirundinacea). Phylogenetic and ancestral reconstruction analysis showed that these strains have pinnipeds most likely as the ancestral host, representing a recent introduction of clade 2.3.4.4b in Uruguay. The Uruguayan and closely related strains from Peru (sea lions) and Chile (sea lions and a human case) carry mammalian adaptative residues 591K and 701N in the viral polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2). Our findings suggest that clade 2.3.4.4b strains in South America may have spread from mammals to mammals and seabirds, revealing a new transmission route.
ABSTRACT
Bartonella henselae es el agente etiológico de la enfermedad por arañazo de gato. Típicamente, se presenta como una linfadenopatía regional autolimitada y, con menor frecuencia, con compromiso sistémico y manifestaciones extraganglionares: hígado, bazo, hueso y ojo, entre otros. Se presenta un caso de enfermedad por arañazo de gato atípica en un paciente pediátrico inmunocompetente, en la que se evidenció compromiso meníngeo y ocular, este último como neurorretinitis. Se destaca la importancia de la búsqueda activa de complicaciones oculares en pacientes con compromiso sistémico por Bartonella henselae, que implica un cambio en el tratamiento y pronóstico de la enfermedad
Bartonella henselae is the etiologic agent of cat scratch disease. It typically presents as a self-limited regional lymphadenopathy and less frequently with systemic involvement and extranodal manifestations: liver, spleen, bone, eye, among others. A case of atypical cat scratch disease is presented in an immunocompetent pediatric patient, in which meningeal and ocular involvement was evidenced, the latter manifested as neuroretinitis. The importance of the active search for ocular complications in patients with systemic involvement by Bartonella henselae is highlighted, implying a change in the treatment and prognosis of the disease
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Retinitis/complications , Cat-Scratch Disease/complications , Cat-Scratch Disease/diagnosis , Bartonella henselaeABSTRACT
Bartonella henselae is the etiologic agent of cat scratch disease. It typically presents as a self-limited regional lymphadenopathy and less frequently with systemic involvement and extranodal manifestations: liver, spleen, bone, eye, among others. A case of atypical cat scratch disease is presented in an immunocompetent pediatric patient, in which meningeal and ocular involvement was evidenced, the latter manifested as neuroretinitis. The importance of the active search for ocular complications in patients with systemic involvement by Bartonella henselae is highlighted, implying a change in the treatment and prognosis of the disease.
Bartonella henselae es el agente etiológico de la enfermedad por arañazo de gato. Típicamente, se presenta como una linfadenopatía regional autolimitada y, con menor frecuencia, con compromiso sistémico y manifestaciones extraganglionares: hígado, bazo, hueso y ojo, entre otros. Se presenta un caso de enfermedad por arañazo de gato atípica en un paciente pediátrico inmunocompetente, en la que se evidenció compromiso meníngeo y ocular, este último como neurorretinitis. Se destaca la importancia de la búsqueda activa de complicaciones oculares en pacientes con compromiso sistémico por Bartonella henselae, que implica un cambio en el tratamiento y pronóstico de la enfermedad.
Subject(s)
Bartonella henselae , Cat-Scratch Disease , Retinitis , Cat-Scratch Disease/complications , Cat-Scratch Disease/diagnosis , Humans , Retinitis/complicationsABSTRACT
La enfermedad granulomatosa crónica es una inmunodeficiencia primaria infrecuente, debida a un defecto en la actividad microbicida de los fagocitos, originada por mutaciones en los genes que codifican alguna de las subunidades del complejo enzimático nicotinamida adenina dinucleótido fosfato oxidasa. La incidencia estimada es 1 en 250 000 recién nacidos vivos. Puede presentarse desde la infancia hasta la adultez, por lo general, en menores de 2 años. Las infecciones bacterianas y fúngicas, en conjunto con las lesiones granulomatosas, son las manifestaciones más habituales de la enfermedad. Los microorganismos aislados más frecuentemente son Aspergillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Nocardia spp. Se reporta el caso clínico de un varón de 1 año de vida en el que se diagnosticó enfermedad granulomatosa crónica a partir de infecciones múltiples que ocurrieron simultáneamente: aspergilosis pulmonar invasiva, osteomielitis por Serratia marcescens y granuloma cervical por Enterobacter cloacae.
Chronic granulomatous disease is an uncommon primary immunodeficiency due to a defect of the killing activity of phagocytes, caused by mutations in any of the genes encoding subunits of the superoxide-generating phagocyte NADPH oxidase system. The incidence is 1 in 250 000 live births. It can occur from infancy to adulthood, usually in children under 2 years. Bacterial and fungal infections in association with granuloma lesions are the most common manifestations of the disease. Aspergillus species, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Nocardia species are the most common microorganisms isolated. We describe here a case of a 1-year-old boy with chronic granulomatous disease and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, Serratia marcescens osteomyelitis and Enterobacter cloacae cervical granuloma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Serratia Infections/diagnosis , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/diagnosis , Pulmonary Aspergillosis/diagnosis , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/diagnosis , Osteomyelitis/diagnosis , Osteomyelitis/metabolism , Serratia marcescens/isolation & purification , Serratia Infections/microbiology , Enterobacter cloacae/isolation & purification , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/microbiologyABSTRACT
Chronic granulomatous disease is an uncommon primary immunodeficiency due to a defect of the killing activity of phagocytes, caused by mutations in any of the genes encoding subunits of the superoxide-generating phagocyte NADPH oxidase system. The incidence is 1 in 250 000 live births. It can occur from infancy to adulthood, usually in children under 2 years. Bacterial and fungal infections in association with granuloma lesions are the most common manifestations of the disease. Aspergillus species, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Nocardia species are the most common microorganisms isolated. We describe here a case of a 1-year-old boy with chronic granulomatous disease and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, Serratia marcescens osteomyelitis and Enterobacter cloacae cervical granuloma.
La enfermedad granulomatosa crónica es una inmunodeficiencia primaria infrecuente, debida a un defecto en la actividad microbicida de los fagocitos, originada por mutaciones en los genes que codifican alguna de las subunidades del complejo enzimático nicotinamida adenina dinucleótido fosfato oxidasa. La incidencia estimada es 1 en 250 000 recién nacidos vivos. Puede presentarse desde la infancia hasta la adultez, por lo general, en menores de 2 años. Las infecciones bacterianas y fúngicas, en conjunto con las lesiones granulomatosas, son las manifestaciones más habituales de la enfermedad. Los microorganismos aislados más frecuentemente son Aspergillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Nocardia spp. Se reporta el caso clínico de un varón de 1 año de vida en el que se diagnosticó enfermedad granulomatosa crónica a partir de infecciones múltiples que ocurrieron simultáneamente: aspergilosis pulmonar invasiva, osteomielitis por Serratia marcescens y granuloma cervical por Enterobacter cloacae.
Subject(s)
Enterobacteriaceae Infections/diagnosis , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/diagnosis , Pulmonary Aspergillosis/diagnosis , Serratia Infections/diagnosis , Enterobacter cloacae/isolation & purification , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/microbiology , Humans , Infant , Male , Osteomyelitis/diagnosis , Osteomyelitis/metabolism , Serratia Infections/microbiology , Serratia marcescens/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
We are reporting the case of an 8-year-old boy with history of seizures in whom the pathology exam of 2.5 by 3 cm surgical specimen obtained from a cortical-subcortical area of the de right occipital lobe showed a chronic granulomatous inflammatory process with a Spirometras pp larva. The patient was born and lived several years at a rural area of Tarija (Bolivia). This appears to represent the first reported case of this parasitic infection localized to the brain of a child in Argentina.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/parasitology , Central Nervous System Helminthiasis/diagnosis , Sparganosis/diagnosis , Child , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso de un niño de 8 años con antecedentes de epilepsia en quien el examen anatomopatológico del material extraído de una lesión de 2,5 por 3 cm localizada en la zona corticosubcortical del lóbulo occipital derecho reveló la presencia de un proceso inflamatorio crónico granulomatoso con una larva de Spirometras pp. El paciente nació y vivió varios años en una zona rural de Tarija (Bolivia). Es el primer ejemplo pediátrico de esta infestación parasitaria a nivel cerebral reconocido en la Argentina.
We are reporting the case of an 8-year-old boy with history of seizures in whom the pathology exam of 2.5 by 3 cm surgical specimen obtained from a cortical-subcortical area of the de right occipital lobe showed a chronic granulomatous inflammatory process with a Spirometras pp larva. The patient was born and lived several years at a rural area of Tarija (Bolivia). This appears to represent the first reported case of this parasitic infection localized to the brain of a child in Argentina.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/parasitology , Central Nervous System Helminthiasis/diagnosis , Sparganosis/diagnosisABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso de un niño de 8 años con antecedentes de epilepsia en quien el examen anatomopatológico del material extraído de una lesión de 2,5 por 3 cm localizada en la zona corticosubcortical del lóbulo occipital derecho reveló la presencia de un proceso inflamatorio crónico granulomatoso con una larva de Spirometras pp. El paciente nació y vivió varios años en una zona rural de Tarija (Bolivia). Es el primer ejemplo pediátrico de esta infestación parasitaria a nivel cerebral reconocido en la Argentina.(AU)
We are reporting the case of an 8-year-old boy with history of seizures in whom the pathology exam of 2.5 by 3 cm surgical specimen obtained from a cortical-subcortical area of the de right occipital lobe showed a chronic granulomatous inflammatory process with a Spirometras pp larva. The patient was born and lived several years at a rural area of Tarija (Bolivia). This appears to represent the first reported case of this parasitic infection localized to the brain of a child in Argentina.(AU)
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/parasitology , Central Nervous System Helminthiasis/diagnosis , Sparganosis/diagnosisABSTRACT
We are reporting the case of an 8-year-old boy with history of seizures in whom the pathology exam of 2.5 by 3 cm surgical specimen obtained from a cortical-subcortical area of the de right occipital lobe showed a chronic granulomatous inflammatory process with a Spirometras pp larva. The patient was born and lived several years at a rural area of Tarija (Bolivia). This appears to represent the first reported case of this parasitic infection localized to the brain of a child in Argentina.