ABSTRACT
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) during pregnancy is a rare condition. The diagnosis and treatment strategies are therefore not well defined. The evidence is scarce and limited to small case reports or case series. In this review we describe the safety, utility and limitations of each diagnostic tool and surgical procedure in pregnant women with ovarian cancer. We also discuss the role of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer during pregnancy. Finally, we delineate different strategies of treatment according to the stage of the disease at diagnosis and gestational age. Due to the complexity of the management of EOC during pregnancy, patients should be referred to specialized centers. Gestational age at diagnosis, the initial surgical procedure, disease stage and patient's preferences are the key factors in the decision-making process to establish the best treatment strategy for each individual case (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy , Ovarian Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Pregnant Women/psychology , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/geneticsABSTRACT
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) during pregnancy is a rare condition. The diagnosis and treatment strategies are therefore not well defined. The evidence is scarce and limited to small case reports or case series. In this review we describe the safety, utility and limitations of each diagnostic tool and surgical procedure in pregnant women with ovarian cancer. We also discuss the role of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer during pregnancy. Finally, we delineate different strategies of treatment according to the stage of the disease at diagnosis and gestational age. Due to the complexity of the management of EOC during pregnancy, patients should be referred to specialized centers. Gestational age at diagnosis, the initial surgical procedure, disease stage and patient's preferences are the key factors in the decision-making process to establish the best treatment strategy for each individual case.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/therapy , Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/therapy , Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Medical Oncology/legislation & jurisprudence , Medical Oncology/methods , Medical Oncology/trends , Models, Biological , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Practice Guidelines as Topic , PregnancyABSTRACT
A cross-sectional case-control study was performed to identify some obstetric and gynaecologic factors that can influence spontaneous abortion. Statistical and epidemiologic analyses were done by multiple logistic regression to adjust OR through the beta coefficient. A dicotomized outcome variable, representing spontaneous abortion, and different independent variables, representing distinct medical factors, were designed. The analysis was carried out with a personal computer and an appropriate statistic package. The variables representing age over 35 and previous spontaneous abortions were shown to be risk factors, adjusted for the rest of variables. The variables representing parity and late menarcheal age lost significance when they were adjusted with multiple logistic regression.
