ABSTRACT
We describe a 16-year-old boy with mild encephalitis with reversible lesions in the white matter and splenium of corpus callosum as a complication of an influenza B virus infection. Although more common in Asiatic children, it can also occur in Caucasian children and adults. There are several possible causes, including metabolic disorders, hypertension and infection, and the prognosis is usually good, even without treatment.
Subject(s)
Encephalitis , Influenza B virus/pathogenicity , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/complications , Adolescent , Corpus Callosum/diagnostic imaging , Corpus Callosum/virology , Encephalitis/diagnostic imaging , Encephalitis/etiology , Encephalitis/virology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/diagnostic imaging , White Matter/diagnostic imaging , White Matter/virologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Doppler sonography may detect increased intraneural blood flow of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the literature about the diagnostic value of increased intraneural flow detected by sonography in CTS Methods: Systematic review of studies published between 1985 and 2013. RESULTS: The 7 studies we found had considerable differences in study design and had methodological shortcomings. Doppler sonography had a median sensitivity of 72% (range, 41-95%) and a median specificity of 88% (range, 71-100%). Most studies could not compare the diagnostic value of sonography to that of electrophysiological studies, because the latter were often used as a reference test. CONCLUSIONS: Increased intraneural flow detected by Doppler sonography may be a promising diagnostic test for CTS, but further studies are needed before it can be implemented in clinical practice.
