ABSTRACT
Meat from silvopastoral systems, due to its provision of numerous ecosystem services such as wildfire risk reduction in Mediterranean forests, can address societal growing demands for meat produced with lower environmental impacts. Differentiation of meat from these systems may contribute to their economic sustainability and hence to reverse their decline in the Mediterranean. This study investigated consumer preferences and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for beef and lamb meat from silvopastoral systems associated to the provision of wildfire prevention service and explored two alternative ways of labelling this service. Through a choice experiment survey considering type of pasture, length of grazing period, production distance and price, we gathered data from 1209 meat consumers in two Spanish cities. We considered forest grazing with a target purpose as a level in the type of pasture attribute and it was presented either as grazing to prevent wildfires or grazing to reduce biomass in two alternative versions of the valuation survey. The random parameter logit model revealed the highest preferences and WTP towards nearby production distances, followed by targeted grazing and forest grazing, while the length of grazing period was less relevant. No significant differences in consumers WTP were found between conveying targeted grazing either as fire prevention or biomass reduction. Our findings also suggest that consumers' preferences varied with location, attitudes towards local food and environmental role of grazing and consumption habits. Knowledge gathered in our work contributes to understand consumers perceptions on the beneficial environmental impacts of meat production.
Subject(s)
Red Meat , Wildfires , Sheep , Animals , Cattle , Consumer Behavior , Ecosystem , Meat , Food PreferencesABSTRACT
Small forest patches embedded in agricultural (and peri-urban) landscapes in Western Europe play a key role for biodiversity conservation with a recognized capacity of delivering a wide suite of ecosystem services. Measures aimed to preserve these patches should be both socially desirable and ecologically effective. This study presents a joint ecologic and economic assessment conducted on small forest patches in Flanders (Belgium) and Picardie (N France). In each study region, two contrasted types of agricultural landscapes were selected. Open field (OF) and Bocage (B) landscapes are distinguished by the intensity of their usage and higher connectivity in the B landscapes. The social demand for enhancing biodiversity and forest structure diversity as well as for increasing the forest area at the expenses of agricultural land is estimated through an economic valuation survey. These results are compared with the outcomes of an ecological survey where the influence of structural features of the forest patches on the associated herbaceous diversity is assessed. The ecological and economic surveys show contrasting results; increasing tree species richness is ecologically more important for herbaceous diversity in the patch, but both tree species richness and herbaceous diversity obtain insignificant willingness to pay estimates. Furthermore, although respondents prefer the proposed changes to take place in the region where they live, we find out that social preferences and ecological effectiveness do differ between landscapes that represent different intensities of land use. Dwellers where the landscape is perceived as more "degraded" attach more value to diversity enhancement, suggesting a prioritization of initiatives in these area. In contrast, the ecological analyses show that prioritizing the protection and enhancement of the relatively better-off areas is more ecologically effective. Our study calls for a balance between ecological effectiveness and welfare benefits, suggesting that cost effectiveness studies should consider these approaches jointly.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre la educación recibida por parte de la enfermera(o) y la satisfacción quesienten los usuarios después de la orientación recibida en una cirugía ambulatoria pediátrica.Metodología: Es un estudio de tipo descriptivo, donde participaron 125 familiares de niños y niñas sometidosa una cirugía ambulatoria en el hospital del niño en el mes de octubre de 2012.Resultados: el 98% de los familiares de los niños y niñas operados ambulatoriamente en el hospital del niñosintieron satisfacción después de la orientación recibida antes de la cirugía.Conclusión: Los familiares y pacientes bien orientados demuestran buenos índices de satisfacción y se leobserva menos ansiedad durante el procedimiento quirúrgico.
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the orientation provided by a nurse and the satisfaction theusers experienced after the orientation provided in out-patient pediatric surgery.Methodology: This is a descriptive study in which 125 of the relatives of the out-patient surgery childrenparticipated. The out-patient children underwent surgery in the Childrens hospital in October 2012.Results: Research reflects that the relatives of children who underwent out-patient surgery are satisfied withthe orientation nurses provide during the surgery of their children.Conclusion: The relatives and patients who were well-oriented showed good satisfaction rates and lessanxiety during the surgical procedure.
