ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Interoception is critical to health regulation and is often disrupted in individuals with chronic pain (ICPs). Interoceptive sensibility (IS)-the self-reported experience and relationship toward internal states-includes skills such as sensing, interpreting, and using bodily information for self-regulation. Current studies on IS and chronic pain (CP) adjustment are scarce, and how the interplay between different IS skills shapes CP adjustment remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify profiles of IS skills among ICPs and examined their associations with pain outcomes and psychological and behavioral risk or protective processes. Individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain (n = 173; 84.4% women) completed the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), measures of CP adjustment (depression, anxiety, vitality, pain severity, interference, and physical function), psychological (self-efficacy, catastrophizing, and kinesiophobia), and behavioral processes (activity patterns). A cluster analysis identified 3 IS skills profiles: (1) high IS skills (n = 68), with the highest levels of attention regulation toward bodily sensations, body trust, listening for insight, and self-regulation; (2) low IS skills (n = 29), who distracted less and worried more about bodily sensations, and presented lower-body trust; and (3) mixed IS skills (n = 71), despite good body trust, attention regulation, and low worrying, showed lower awareness of body-mind connections. Interoceptive sensibility skills profiles differed in depression, vitality (fatigue), and psychological or behavioral processes, such as pain-related self-efficacy, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, and activity pacing. These findings contribute to integrating body-mind connections more explicitly into current theoretical CP models and developing tailored interventions targeting specific IS skills to improve CP adjustment.
Subject(s)
Chronic Pain , Humans , Female , Male , Cross-Sectional Studies , Attention , Anxiety/psychology , Catastrophization , Awareness/physiologyABSTRACT
Background: Among the parental cognitions explaining maladaptive parenting, attributions about a childs misbehavior seem important. However, there is little research on neglectful parents, and the different patterns of parental attributions associated with child abuse and child neglect are still underexplained. The current study examines parental attributions associated with child abuse and child neglect. Method: Mothers (N = 218) were asked to evaluate vignettes describing child transgressions, half of which were followed by situational information. Child abuse and child neglect were evaluated through mothers and professionals reports. Results: Preliminary results indicated that the childs age and maternal socioeconomic status were significantly correlated with attributions and child abuse and neglect scores and thus were controlled in the models. The results from hierarchical regressions indicated that dispositional attributions were associated with higher abuse scores (reported by mothers), even in the presence of situational information. Likewise, dispositional attributions were associated with higher neglect scores (reported by professionals), but the effect was no longer significant in the presence of situational information. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the current socio-cognitive approaches to child maltreatment and provide relevant input for understanding the different attributional mechanisms underlying child abuse and neglect.(AU)
Antecedentes: Entre las cogniciones parentales que explican la parentalidad desadaptativa, las atribuciones sobre el comportamiento del niño parecen importantes. Sin embargo, hay pocas investigaciones sobre los padres negligentes, y los patrones de atribuciones parentales que se asocian con el abuso y la negligencia siguen sin explicarse. Éste estudio examina las atribuciones parentales asociadas con el abuso y la negligencia infantil. Método: La muestra estaba compuesta por 218 madres que evaluaron viñetas que describían transgresiones infantiles, la mitad con información situacional. Abuso y negligencia se evaluaron a través de informes de madres y profesionales. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que la edad del niño y el estatus socioeconómico estaban correlacionados con las atribuciones y con el abuso y negligencia, por lo que fueron controlados en los modelos. Los resultados de las regresiones jerárquicas indicaron que las atribuciones disposicionales se asociaron con el abuso (informes de madres), incluso en presencia de información situacional. Las atribuciones disposicionales se asociaron con la negligencia (informes de profesionales), pero no hay efecto en presencia de información situacional. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos corroboran a los actuales enfoques sociocognitivos del maltrato infantil y proporcionan aportaciones relevantes para entender los diferentes mecanismos atribucionales que subyacen al abuso y la negligencia infantil.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Child Abuse/psychology , Child Health , Psychology, Child , Parenting/psychology , Child Behavior , Child Development , Psychology , Psychology, Clinical , Psychology, SocialABSTRACT
Past research has suggested that parents' ability to recognize their children's emotions is associated with an enhanced quality of parent-child interactions and appropriateness of parental caregiving behavior. Although this association has also been examined in abusive and neglectful parents, the results are mixed and do not adequately address child neglect. Based on the Social Information Processing model of child abuse and neglect, we examined the association between mothers' ability to recognize children's emotions and self- and professionals-reported child abuse and neglect. The ability to recognize children's emotions was assessed with an implicit valence classification task and an emotion labeling task. A convenience sample of 166 mothers (78 with at least one child referred to Child Protection Services) completed the tasks. Child abuse and neglect were measured with self-report and professionals-report instruments. The moderating role of mothers' intellectual functioning and socioeconomic status were also examined. Results revealed that abusive mothers performed more poorly on the negative emotions recognition task, while neglectful mothers demonstrated a lower overall ability in recognizing children's emotions. When classifying the valence of emotions, mothers who obtained higher scores on child neglect presented a higher positivity bias particularly when their scores in measures of intellectual functioning were low. There was no moderation effect for socioeconomic status. Moreover, the results for child abuse were mainly observed with self-report measures, while for child neglect, they predominantly emerged with professionals-report. Our findings highlight the important contribution of the social information processing model in the context of child maltreatment, with implications for prevention and intervention addressed.