Relationship between coping styles (problem-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented) with psychological well-being in people with coronavirus-2019 experience in Kermanshah city.

BACKGROUND: Considering the epidemic status of the COVID-19 virus, the discussion of the psychological effects of this disease on the mental health of people at different levels of society is of great importance. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between coping (problem-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented) with psychological well-being in people with coronavirus disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this correlational study, the statistical population consisted of all individuals with experience of coronavirus in 2021 in Kermanshah city. In total, 220 people were selected as the sample using an available sampling method. The instruments used in this study were Reef Psycho-Welfare Questionnaire (PWBQ) and Andler and Parker Coping Styles (CISS-SF). Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression. RESULTS: Multiple correlations of coping variables (problem-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented) with psychological well-being (R = 0.671; P = 0.01) are significant. Problem-oriented coping style (beta = 0.329; P = 0.05), emotional coping style (beta = 0.329; P = 0.05); avoidant coping style (beta = 0.144; P = 0.05) had a significant relationship with psychological well-being. CONCLUSION: According to the obtained results, the importance of paying attention to coping styles in psychological well-being is felt more than before. Psychological well-being seems to be influenced by other factors and their interactive effects as well.

Expression and purification of TolC as a recombinant protein vaccine against Shigella flexneri and evaluation of immunogenic response in mice.

BACKGROUND: Shigella is one of the major causes of dysenteric diarrhea, which is known shigelosis. Shigelosis causes 160,000 deaths annually of diarrheal disease in the global scale especially children less than 5 years old. No licensed vaccine is available against shigelosis, therefore, efforts for develop an effective and safe vaccine against Shigella as before needed. The reverse vaccinology (RV) is a novel strategy that evaluate genome or proteome of the organism to find a new promising vaccine candidate. In this study, immunogenicity of a designed-recombinant antigen is evaluated through the in silico studies and animal experiments to predict a new immunogenic candidate against Shigella. METHODS: In the first step, proteome of Shigella flexneri was obtained from UniProtKB and then the outer membrane and extracellular proteins were predicted. In this study TolC as an outer membrane protein was selected and confirmed among candidates. In next steps, pre-selected protein was evaluated for transmembrane domains, homology, conservation, antigenicity, solubility, and B- and T-cell prediction by different online servers. RESULT: TolC as a conserved outer membrane protein, using different immune-informatics tools had acceptable scores and was selected as the immunogenic antigen for animal experiment studies. Recombinant TolC protein after expression and purification, was administered to BALB/c mice over three intraperitoneal routes. The sera of mice was used to evaluate the IgG1 production assay by indirect-ELISA. The immunized mice depicted effective protection against 2LD50 of Shigella. Flexneri ATCC12022 (challenge study). CONCLUSION: Therefore, the reverse vaccinology approach and experimental test results demonstrated that TolC as a novel effective and immunogenic antigen is capable for protection against shigellosis.

The role of death anxiety as a mediator in the relationship between personality types and psychological well-being in coronavirus disease-2019 patients.

BACKGROUND: Given the widespread presence of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) virus, it is critical to explore the psychological consequences of this disease on people at all levels of society. The purpose of this study was to look into the role of death anxiety as a mediator in the relationship between personality types and psychological well-being in people with COVID-19 disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, the research method is correlational in terms of descriptive data collection method. The statistical population consisted of all people who had experienced COVID-19 in Kermanshah, Iran 2020-2021, 220 of whom were chosen by the available sample method. The Ryff Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (PWBQ), the personality types of John and Srivastava's short five-factor list (BFI-SV), and the Collett-Lester Anxiety Death Scale were among the research instruments employed (CL-FODS). The suggested model was evaluated using the structural equation modeling strategy and the Amos software. RESULTS: The findings demonstrated that extraversion, adaptation, and conscientious personality types have a positive and significant relationship with psychological well-being while neuroticism has a negative and significant relationship with psychological well-being, and openness to experience indirectly improves psychological well-being by reducing death anxiety. CONCLUSION: Death anxiety appears to play a mediating role in the relationship between personality types and psychological well-being in people with COVID-19, according to the findings of this study. As a result, the proposed model fits well and can be used as an important step in identifying factors that affect people with COVID-19's psychological well-being.