ABSTRACT
We present the complete chloroplast genome sequence of an endophytic Ostreobium sp. isolated from a 19th-century coralline red algal specimen from St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. The chloroplast genome is 84,848 bp in length, contains 114 genes, and has a high level of gene synteny to other Ostreobiaceae.
ABSTRACT
Fundamentos: Los casos de sobrepeso y obesidad entre los estudiantes universitarios han aumentadodebido al establecimiento de hábitos nutricionales poco saludables junto con unos hábitos inadecuados. Enlos últimos años han destacado diferentes factores de riesgo, entre los que destaca la cantidad y calidad desueño. El objetivo fue determinar la asociación entre la circunferencia de cintura y cantidad de sueño enestudiantes universitarios de Chile, Panamá y Paraguay.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio multicéntrico de corte transversal. Participaron 686 estudiantes: 300 de Chile(58% mujeres), 233 de Panamá (63,3% mujeres) y 153 de Paraguay (61,4% mujeres). Se aplicó el cuestionariode Insomnio, escala de somnolencia diurna de Epworth (ESE) e índice de Calidad de sueño de Pittsburgh. Sedeterminó consumo de tabaco, IMC, circunferencia de cintura y % de masa grasa.Resultados: El consumo de tabaco fue significativamente distinto entre países. El 53% dormía menos de lorecomendado, el 37% presentó somnolencia diurna (leve o severa) y sólo el 23% exhibió buena calidad desueño, con diferencias significativas entre países. Al realizar modelos de regresión, se observó asociaciónentre circunferencia de cintura y horas de sueño.Conclusiones: Estos resultados plantean la necesidad de incluir medidas de promoción de una buena higienedel sueño, junto a las ya tradicionales recomendaciones de actividad física y alimentación saludable, a fin dereducir el riesgo cardiometabólico en esta población. (AU)
Background: The cases of overweight and obesity among college students have increased due to theestablishment of unhealthy nutritional habits along with inappropriate habits. In recent years, different riskfactors have stood out, among which the quantity and quality of sleep stand out. The objective was todetermine the association between waist circumference and sleep quantity in university students from Chile,Panama and Paraguay.Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional study was carried out. 686 students participated: 300 from Chile(58% women), 233 from Panama (63.3% women) and 153 from Paraguay (61.4% women). The InsomniaSeverity Index (ISI), the Epworth daytime sleepiness scale (ESE) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index wereapplied. Tobacco consumption, BMI, waist circumference and% fat mass were determined.Results: Tobacco consumption was significantly different between countries. 53% sleep less thanrecommended, 37% presented daytime drowsiness (mild or severe) and only 23% exhibited good quality ofsleep, with significant differences between countries. When performing regression models, associationbetween waist circumference and hours of sleep was observed.Conclusions: These results suggest the need to include measures to promote good sleep hygiene, along withthe traditional recommendations of physical activity and healthy eating, in order to reduce thecardiometabolic risk in this population. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Young Adult , Feeding Behavior , Sleep , Obesity, Abdominal/diagnosis , Chronic Disease , Students , Cross-Sectional Studies , Chile , ParaguayABSTRACT
Cactus acid fruit (Xoconostle) has been studied due its content of bioactive compounds. Traditional Mexican medicine attributes hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic and immunostimulant properties among others. The bioactive compounds contained in xoconostle have shown their ability to inhibit digestive enzymes such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Unfortunately, polyphenols and antioxidants in general are molecules susceptible to degradation due to storage conditions, (temperature, oxygen and light) or the gastrointestinal tract, which limits its activity and compromises its potential beneficial effect on health. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the stability, antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of encapsulated extract of xoconostle within double emulsions (water-in-oil-in-water) during storage conditions and simulated digestion. Total phenols, flavonoids, betalains, antioxidant activity, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition were measured before and after the preparation of double emulsions and during the simulation of digestion. The ED40% (treatment with 40% of xoconostle extract) treatment showed the highest percentage of inhibition of α-glucosidase in all phases of digestion. The inhibitory activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase related to antidiabetic activity was higher in microencapsulated extracts than the non-encapsulated extracts. These results confirm the viability of encapsulation systems based on double emulsions to encapsulate and protect natural antidiabetic compounds.
