Effect of extrusion process on the obtention of a flour from coffee pulp Coffea arabica variety red Caturra and its use in bakery products.

The main waste in the coffee industry is the coffee pulp (CP), an interesting source of fiber and phenolic compounds. An alternative for its harnessing can be its transformation into a flour for human consumption, generating added value for a circular economy. The aim of this study was to obtain flour from CP (CPF) using extrusion and the evaluation of its incorporation into a bakery product. Extrusion treatments to get a flour were explored by a factorial design 23, considering the temperature, moisture, and extruder screw revolutions (rpm). Treatments were evaluated for their effects on the proximal composition, phytic acid, caffeine, and phenolic compounds contents of the flours, and baking characteristics such as water absorption (WAI) and water solubility index (WSI). Once the best extrusion treatment was selected, bread formulations were developed, two wheat-based and two gluten-free, which were evaluated using "Flash Profiling". Extrusion treatment 110 °C, 35% moisture, and 17.5 rpm, was selected as the best one to get a flour with good functional properties (WAI:2.94 ± 0.13, WSI:21.02 ± 3.27) and a content of phenolic compounds: 55.14 mg/g and caffeine:14.23 mg/g. Sensorially, good acceptance, up to 15% substitution by flour, was achieved. Extruded CPF could be a food ingredient, at least in bakery products, contributing in the practice of a circular economy. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-023-05797-x.

Protein Hydrolysis by Subcritical Water: A New Perspective on Obtaining Bioactive Peptides.

The importance of bioactive peptides lies in their diverse applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. In addition, they have been projected as allies in the control and prevention of certain diseases due to their associated antioxidant, antihypertensive, or hypoglycemic activities, just to mention a few. Obtaining these peptides has been performed traditionally by fermentation processes or enzymatic hydrolysis. In recent years, the use of supercritical fluid technology, specifically subcritical water (SW), has been positioned as an efficient and sustainable alternative to obtain peptides from various protein sources. This review presents and discusses updated research reports on the use of subcritical water to obtain bioactive peptides, its hydrolysis mechanism, and the experimental designs used for the study of effects from factors involved in the hydrolysis process. The aim was to promote obtaining peptides by green technology and to clarify perspectives that still need to be explored in the use of subcritical water in protein hydrolysis.

Neoplasia endocrina múltiple IIA: feocromocitoma bilateral. A propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia IIA: Bilateral Pheochromocytoma. About a Case and Literature Review

Resumen: Presentamos el caso de una paciente del sexo femenino, de 54 años de edad, con antecedente familiar de neoplasia endocrina múltiple tipo II, con estudio genético positivo para NEM 2 IIA EXON 11, c634 CGCIB. Inició padecimiento con cardiopatía hipertensiva y disfunción diastólica, hallazgo to mográfico de tumor suprarrenal bilateral por imagenología, se realizó adrenalectomía convencional transabdominal, se encontró tumor derecho con cápsula correspondiente a feo cromocitoma con un peso de 1,100 g de 14.5 cm de diámetro mayor con invasión a cápsula sin romperla, tumor suprarrenal izquierdo correspondiente a feocromocitoma con un peso de 950 g de 15 cm de diámetro mayor.

Abstract: We present the case of a 54-year-old female patient with a family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type II, with a genetic study for MEN 2 IIA EXON 11, CG6B c634, onset with hypertensive heart disease and diastolic dysfunction, tomographic finding of bilateral adrenal tumor by imaging. A conventional transabdominal adrenalectomy was performed, finding a right tumor with a capsule corresponding to pheochromocytoma with a weight of 1,100 g of 14.5 cm of greater diameter with invasion of the capsule without breaking it, and a left adrenal tumor corresponding to pheochromocytoma with a weight of 950 g of 15 cm of greater diameter.

Evaluation of the efficacy of an interdialytic "ethanol 40% v/v - enoxaparin 1000 U/mL" lock solution to prevent tunnelled catheter infections in chronic hemodialysis patients: a multi-centre, randomized, single blind, parallel group study.

BACKGROUND: Tunnelled dialysis catheter (TC) infections are a major health complication and are associated with increased antibiotic consumption, hospital stays, health costs and mortality. Experimental data provide evidence that Ethenox, a mixture of enoxaparine 1000 U/mL in 40% v/v ethanol, could be a promising lock solution. The aim of the study is to compare an interdialytic lock solution of Ethenox with reference lock solutions, unfractionated heparin (UFH) or citrate 4% for the prevention of TCI in hemodialysis patients. METHOD: This study will monitor a multicentre, prospective, single blind, randomized, controlled, parallel group trial. The main inclusion criteria are patients > 18 years old with end-stage renal disease, treated with chronic hemodialysis/hemodiafiltration three times a week, with incident or prevalent non-impregnated internal jugular TCs inserted for at least 2 weeks and able to give informed consent. Exclusion criteria are TCI in the previous 4 weeks and anti-infective treatment for TCI in the previous 2 weeks. Patients will be randomized to receive either study treatment Ethenox in the intervention group or reference solutions in the control group, unfractionated heparin (UFH) or citrate 4% w/v according to usual practice. The primary outcome measure will be time to first TCIs assessed by an endpoint adjudication committee blinded to the study arm according to predefined criteria. Patients will receive the study treatment for up to 12 months. Intention-to-treat analysis of the primary endpoint will be performed with a marginal Cox proportional hazard model. Prospective power calculations indicate that the study will have 90% statistical power to detect a clinical significant two-fold increase in median infection-free survival if 200 patients are recruited into each arm over a period of 24 months. DISCUSSION: Firm evidence of the efficacy of the Ethenox lock in preventing TCI could be of major clinical benefit for patients. The results of this study will allow the development of new guidelines based on a high level of evidence. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03083184 , date of registration March 17 2017 and European Clinical Trials Database Identifier: EudraCT 2016-A00180-51), date of registration July 11 2016.

Modulation by Polymyxin-B Hemoperfusion of Inflammatory Response Related to Severe Peritonitis.

Conflicting results have been reported on the influence of Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion treatment on systemic inflammation markers. The aim of the study was to assess in a randomized control trial the influence on plasma cytokine concentrations of Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion in septic shock due to peritonitis. A panel of 10 pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines was measured in 213 patients with peritonitis-induced septic shock enrolled in the randomized trial ABDOMIX testing the impact of 2 Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion sessions with standard treatment. Gram-negative bacteria were identified in 69% of patients. In the overall population, baseline plasma cytokine concentrations were not different between the two groups. Circulating tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-10, IL-6, and IL-1RA decreased significantly over time in both groups (P <0.0001 for all in controls, and P = 0.0002, 0.003, and <0.0001 in patients treated with Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion). IL-17A decreased significantly in patients treated with Polymyxin B hemoperfusion (P = 0.045) but not in controls. At the end of the second Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion session or at corresponding time in controls, plasma levels of cytokines did not differ between the two groups. Similar results were found in the subgroup of patients with gram-negative peritonitis who completed two Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion sessions. These results do not support a significant influence of Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion on circulating cytokines assessed except for IL-17A which clinical significance remains to be elucidated.

Early use of polymyxin B hemoperfusion in patients with septic shock due to peritonitis: a multicenter randomized control trial.

PURPOSE: To test whether the polymyxin B hemoperfusion (PMX HP) fiber column reduces mortality and organ failure in peritonitis-induced septic shock (SS) from abdominal infections. METHOD: Prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial in 18 French intensive care units from October 2010 to March 2013, enrolling 243 patients with SS within 12 h after emergency surgery for peritonitis related to organ perforation. The PMX HP group received conventional therapy plus two sessions of PMX HP. Primary outcome was mortality on day 28; secondary outcomes were mortality on day 90 and a reduction in the severity of organ failures based on Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores. PRIMARY OUTCOME: day 28 mortality in the PMX HP group (n = 119) was 27.7 versus 19.5% in the conventional group (n = 113), p = 0.14 (OR 1.5872, 95% CI 0.8583-2.935). Secondary endpoints: mortality rate at day 90 was 33.6% in PMX-HP versus 24% in conventional groups, p = 0.10 (OR 1.6128, 95% CI 0.9067-2.8685); reduction in SOFA score from day 0 to day 7 was -5 (-11 to 6) in PMX-HP versus -5 (-11 to 9), p = 0.78. Comparable results were observed in the predefined subgroups (presence of comorbidity; adequacy of surgery, <2 sessions of hemoperfusion) and for SOFA reduction from day 0 to day 3. CONCLUSION: This multicenter randomized controlled study demonstrated a non-significant increase in mortality and no improvement in organ failure with PMX HP treatment compared to conventional treatment of peritonitis-induced SS.

Relevance of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate blood levels for blood transfusion detection.

BACKGROUND: A method to detect the banned use of blood transfusions by athletes has proven elusive. In this article, we investigate the utility of analyzing contaminant levels in stored blood as a possible marker. The presence of the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) was measured in red blood cells collected from transfused subjects. RESULTS: GC-MS detected high levels of DEHP in stored red cells. However, values fell rapidly after the cells were reinfused, with only half of the samples exceeding a cut-off 4 SDs above the baseline 90 min postinfusion. CONCLUSION: It was demonstrated that intact DEHP could be measured in red blood cells. Owing to its short window of detection, this approach seems to have limited utility in the context of antidoping.

Antioxidant and oligonutrient status, distribution of amino acids, muscle damage, inflammation, and evaluation of renal function in elite rugby players.

BACKGROUND: Our study investigated the biochemical and anthropometric characteristics in elite athletes of rugby union based in the south of France during the different periods of the competition to identify metabolic and biochemical adaptations to particular lifestyle conditions. METHODS: Participants included 35 players in 2008 and 43 players in 2009. Biochemical variables [creatinine, uric acid, creatine kinase (CK), alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, C-reactive protein] were evaluated. Specific protein levels (albumin, acid α-glycoprotein, prealbumin), vitamins (A, E, C), antioxidant enzymes [glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD)], oligoelements (Zn, Se, Cu, erythrocyte magnesium), homocysteine (Hcy), carnitine and the distribution of amino acids were specifically determined for our study during a pre-competition period (September 2008 and 2009). RESULTS: Globally, no deficit was observed for vitamins, oligonutrients and amino acids levels. The high SOD and GPx activities in rugby players suggest a presence of oxidative stress of exercise. The evaluation of renal function should be used with caution because of the interaction between creatinine and lean body mass. In addition, a profound effect of intense exercise on the CK values was reported to establish specific reference values for athletes. The analysis of the biological variation allows optimization of the interpretation of the changes from an increased or decreased baseline value from a season to the other one. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusions of present study were: 1) the necessity of rugby-specific reference intervals for CK and creatinine parameters; 2) the use of enzymatic creatinine for Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and CKD-EPI, or cystatin C to improve glomerular filtration rate estimation; 3) to take into account the oxidative stress testifying of a bad recovery; and 4) better to take care the nutritional status of the players by adapting needs and amino acids supplementations but also to consider a follow-up of oxidative stress and antioxidants according our results.

Regional variations of low-density lipoprotein oxidizability in hemodialysis patients may explain discrepancies in interventional therapy on oxidative profile.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aimed at evaluating oxidative stress (OS) markers (i) in a cross-sectional study of hemodialysis (HD) patients to investigate potential regional effects of these markers and (ii) in a prospective crossover study to evaluate vitamin E-coated membrane (VE) effects. METHODS: At baseline, OS parameters including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidizability were measured in HD patients from five dialysis facilities. Patients were then randomly assigned to two treatment groups: group I patients (n = 33) switching to VE, and group II patients (n = 29) still using reference polysulfone (PS) membrane. After 3 months, patients were switched from VE to PS and vice versa for 6 months. The same OS parameters were measured after each period. RESULTS: At baseline, the cross-sectional analysis of LDL oxidizability showed a regional effect. By contrast, the crossover study did not show beneficial effects of VE on this parameter. CONCLUSION: Regional variations of LDL oxidizability in HD patients exist and may explain discrepancies in interventional therapy on OS.

Tratamiento quirúrgico de apendicitis aguda en embarazo de 34 semanas / Surgical treatment of acute appendicitis in a 34-week pregnancy

El presente articulo trata de una paciente de 18 años de edad, quien cursa un embarazo de 34 semanas, Veinte horas de ingresar a la sala de emergencia presentó dolor abdominal difuso de gran intensidad que posteriormente se localizó en el lado derecho del abdomen. El dolor se acompaño de nausea y vómito y era progresivamente más intenso. Los exámenes de laboratorio demostraron leucocitos con derivación a la izquierda y un examen elemental y microscópico de orina con características infecciosas. La ecografía no demostró signos concluyentes de patología intraabdominal. se realizó una laparoscopía en la que se encontró un plastrón apendicular formado por ileon terminal y trompa derecha y se realizó una apendectomía. Evolucionó satisfactoriamente en el postoperatorio siendo dada de alta dos días después de la cirugía. la paciente posteriormente ingreso al hospital al cumplir 39 semanas de embarazo presentando actividad uterina siendo sometida a cesárea obteniéndose un recién nacido vivo de sexo masculino en buen estado general.

This article deals with an 18-year-old patient, who is in a 34-week pregnancy. Twenty hours after entering the emergency room, she presented diffuse abdominal pain of great intensity that was later located on the right side of the abdomen. The pain was accompanied by nausea and vomiting and was progressively more intense. Laboratory examinations showed leukocytes with a left shunt and an elemental and microscopic examination of urine with infectious characteristics. Ultrasonography did not show conclusive signs of intra-abdominal pathology. a laparoscopy was performed in which an appendicular plastron formed by the terminal ileum and right tube was found and an appendectomy was performed. She evolved satisfactorily in the postoperative period, being discharged two days after surgery. the patient subsequently entered the hospital at the 39th week of pregnancy presenting uterine activity undergoing caesarean section obtaining a live male newborn in good general condition.

Torsión de Epiplon; Diagnóstico y sesección por laparoscopía - Reporte de un caso / Epiplon torsion; Diagnosis and section by laparoscopy - Report of a case

La patología quirúrgica del epiplón mayor es muy rara e incluye torsión, infarto, quistes y tumores al rededor del 85% de los casos han sido reportados en población adulta, el restante 15% en población pediátrica. debido a la sintomatología no específica el diagnóstico preoperatorio es frecuentemente confundido con apendicitis aguda porque es la causa más frecuente de dolor abdominal. El presente artículo describe el caso clínico de un paciente adulto con torsión e infarto de omento, el cual fue diagnosticado y tratado en nuestro hospital por cirugía laparoscópia.

Surgical pathology of the greater omentum is very rare and includes torsion, infarction, cysts and tumors. About 85% of cases have been reported in the adult population, the remaining 15% in the pediatric population. Due to nonspecific symptoms, preoperative diagnosis is frequently confused with acute appendicitis because it is the most frequent cause of abdominal pain. This article describes the clinical case of an adult patient with torsion and omentum infarction, who was diagnosed and treated in our hospital by laparoscopic surgery.

Utilización de la vena safena conservada en los accesos vasculares para hemodiálisis / Use of preserved saphenous vein in access operations for hemodialysis

Entre julio de 1984 y junio de 1992, 43 venas safenas conservadas fueron utilizadas para la realización de accesos vasculares a 31 pacientes. La tasa de permeabilidad fue de 76 por ciento a 6 meses y 38 por ciento a 24. Consideramos la vena safena conservada como un material apropiado para la realización de accesos vasculares para hemodiálisis en pacientes en los cuales se han agotado las posibilidades con material autólogo

Utilización de la vena safena conservada en los accesos vasculares para hemodiálisis / Use of preserved saphenous vein in access operations for hemodialysis

Entre julio de 1984 y junio de 1992, 43 venas safenas conservadas fueron utilizadas para la realización de accesos vasculares a 31 pacientes. La tasa de permeabilidad fue de 76 por ciento a 6 meses y 38 por ciento a 24. Consideramos la vena safena conservada como un material apropiado para la realización de accesos vasculares para hemodiálisis en pacientes en los cuales se han agotado las posibilidades con material autólogo (AU)