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1.
Psychiatry ; 76(2): 169-81, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23631546

ABSTRACT

This study examined the influence of peers in meeting DSM-IV symptom criteria for an internalizing disorder in adolescents exposed to Hurricane Georges. Participants included a representative community sample of 905 youth (n = 476 boys) ages 11-17, residing in Puerto Rico. Data were gathered on hurricane exposure, symptoms of internalizing disorders, peer social support, peer violence, and peer substance use through in-person structured interviews with adolescents and caretakers from 1999 to 2000 in Puerto Rico, 12-27 months after Hurricane Georges. Hurricane exposure, peer violence, and peer substance use predicted whether adolescents met DSM-IV symptom criteria for a measured internalizing disorder. An interaction was found between hurricane exposure and peer violence, which indicated that hurricane exposure was significantly related to meeting DSM-IV symptom criteria for an internalizing disorder among adolescents who do not report associating with violent peers. However, for participants who reported high levels of peer violence, hurricane exposure did not convey additional risk for meeting DSM-IV symptom criteria for an internalizing disorder. With the increasing role peers play in adolescents' lives, understanding the influence of peers on the development of internalizing symptoms following hurricane exposure may assist in planning developmentally sensitive response plans.


Subject(s)
Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Cyclonic Storms , Disasters , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Peer Group , Social Support , Adaptation, Psychological , Adolescent , Age Factors , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Female , Friends/psychology , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Mental Disorders/psychology , Puerto Rico , Qualitative Research , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Violence/psychology , Violence/statistics & numerical data
2.
Behav Anal Pract ; 1(2): 68-72, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22477690

ABSTRACT

We evaluated the effects of rewarded scheduled toilet sits on non-retentive encopretic behavior of an elementary-school student receiving services for serious emotional disturbance. A multidisciplinary team implemented the 8-week intervention using a multiple baseline across settings design. The results showed an increase in sitting on the toilet and a decline in encopretic episodes in both school and home settings. These findings support the use of a behavioral intervention for children with significant behavioral disorders within a classroom setting.

3.
J Fam Psychol ; 18(4): 651-7, 2004 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15598170

ABSTRACT

To begin accounting for cultural and contextual factors related to child rearing in Mexican-descent (MD; Mexican American and Mexican immigrant) families in the United States, the current study examined parenting practices in 2-parent families of Mexican, MD, and Caucasian-non-Hispanic (CNH) parents. Parents in all groups reported using authoritative practices more often than authoritarian strategies. MD parents reported greater use of authoritarian practices than Mexican and CNH parents. Results suggest that previously found cultural variations in parenting between MD parents and CNH parents may be more related to the ecological context of MD families than to an affiliation with Mexican culture. Clinicians should explore the positive qualities of authoritative parenting in MD families along with the potential motivations for using authoritarian strategies.


Subject(s)
Culture , Ethnicity , Family/psychology , Parenting/ethnology , Social Environment , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico/ethnology , Social Behavior , United States , White People
4.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol ; 33(2): 237-47, 2004 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15136187

ABSTRACT

This study examined whether Mexican (n = 53), Mexican American (n = 50), and European American (n = 51) children differed in their reporting of anxiety symptoms and whether parental influence and specific cognitive schemas associated with Mexican culture were related to differences in anxiety reporting. As expected, Mexican and Mexican American children reported significantly more physiological and worry symptoms than the European American children. Mexican and Mexican American children endorsed collectivism as a cultural value more strongly than European American children, and the Mexican children evidenced greatest use of social strategies reflecting simpatia. In family discussions of ambiguous, potentially anxiety-arousing situations, Mexican and Mexican American parents verbalized a greater percentage of somatic interpretations than the European American parents. Results indicate potential linkages between cultural values, socialization practices, and anxiety reporting.


Subject(s)
Anxiety/ethnology , Attitude to Health , Cognition , Culture , Mexican Americans/psychology , Mexican Americans/statistics & numerical data , White People/psychology , White People/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Anxiety/diagnosis , Anxiety/psychology , Bias , Child , Cooperative Behavior , Family/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico/ethnology , Social Class , Surveys and Questionnaires , United States
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