Treatment of Molar-incisor Hypomineralization: A Case Report of 11-year Clinical Follow-up.

The purpose of this case report was to describe an 11-year follow-up of a patient presenting with molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) having yellowish and porous permanent incisors and molars. Clinical examination revealed demarcated brown opacities on one upper and one lower central incisor and three first permanent molars. Initially, treatment involved oral hygiene and periodic fluoride varnish application. Subsequently, the occlusal surfaces of the affected molars were restored or sealed with glass ionomer cement. At-home dental bleaching was also performed. Areas of unsatisfactory esthetics on the incisors were replaced by composite resins. This report discussed the patient's needs and expectations, the difficulties of prolonged treatment for patients with MIH, and the restorative protocol involving at-home dental bleaching and composite resins.

Differential effects of the combination of tyrosol with chlorhexidine gluconate on oral biofilms.

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the effect of tyrosol and chlorhexidine gluconate in combination against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Streptococcus mutans in the planktonic state or forming biofilms in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Checkerboard assays were performed for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration. Biofilms were cultivated during 24 h on specimens of acrylic resin and hydroxyapatite and treated with the drugs alone or in combination twice a day for 1 min, during 3 days. The antibiofilm effect was determined by quantification of the metabolic activity and cultivable cells. The drug combination was also applied on C. albicans to investigate its action on the number of hyphae. Data were statistically examined by two-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The effect of drug combination on planktonic cells was classified as antagonistic for C. albicans and indifferent for the other strains. Also, the drugs were ineffective against the tested biofilms. However, the drug combination showed a synergistic effect in reducing the number of hyphae by C. albicans. CONCLUSION: The combination of tyrosol with chlorhexidine gluconate was only effective in reducing the number of hyphae by C. albicans, a relevant virulence factor of this species.