ABSTRACT
Foram utilizadas 350 aves da linhagem comercial Bovans White, com o objetivo de avaliar a associação de carboidrases e fitase em dietas valorizadas sobre o desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras leves. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com 5 tratamentos e 7 repetições. Os tratamentos foram: T1- Controle positivo sem adição de enzimas e sem valorização dos nutrientes; T2- Controle negativo (CN) 1, valorizando em 1,5% e 6% a EMA (kcal/kg), respectivamente para o milho e o farelo de soja, e em 2% a proteína bruta (PB) e os aminoácidos digestíveis limitantes mais a matriz completa para a enzima fitase; T3- CN 2, valorizando em 1,5% e 6% a EMA (kcal/kg), respectivamente para o milho e o farelo de soja, e em 2% a proteína bruta (PB) e os aminoácidos digestíveis limitantes mais a matriz incompleta para a enzima fitase; T4- suplementado com 100g ton-1 de carboidrase e 30g ton-1 de fitase; T5- suplementado com 100g ton-1 de carboidrase e 30g ton-1 de fitase. Os tratamentos controle positivo, T2, T3, T4 e T5, com ou sem suplementação enzimática, garantiram o desempenho no que diz respeito ao consumo de ração, produção, peso e perdas de ovos e qualidade da casca.
A total of 350 commercial Bovans White laying hens were used to evaluate the association of carbohydrases and phytase in enriched diets and its effects on performance and egg quality of laying hens. The experiment used a randomized design with five treatments and seven replicates. The treatments were: 1. Positive control without added enzymes and without nutrient enrichment, 2. Negative control (NC) 1 with 1.5% and 6% AME (kcal/kg) enrichment for corn and soybean meal respectively, 2% crude protein (CP) enrichment, and digestible limiting digestible amino acids plus the full matrix for the phytase enzyme; 3. NC 2 with 1.5% and 6% AME (kcal/kg) enrichment, respectively, for corn and soybean meal and 2% crude protein (CP) enrichment, and digestible limiting amino acids plus the sparse matrix for the phytase enzyme, 4. NC 1 supplemented with 100 g ton-1 carbohydrase and 30g ton-1 phytase, 5. NC 2 supplemented with 100 g ton-1 carbohydrase and 30g ton-1 phytase. According to the results, the positive control treatments, NC1 and NC2, with or without enzyme supplementation, showed guaranteed performance for feed intake, egg yield, weight, egg loss and shell quality.
Subject(s)
Animals , Egg Shell/abnormalities , Animal Feed/analysis , Animal Feed/standardsABSTRACT
To adapt commercial poultry production to a new scenario of energy savings and to develop specific practices for quail production aimed at reducing costs while maintaining or improving productivity, four experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, birds were allocated to four treatments (photoperiod duration): T1: 14 L:10 D; T2: 15 L:9 D; T3: 16 L:8 D; and T4: 17 L:7 D. In the second experiment, birds were subjected to four levels of brightness: T1: 5 lux; T2: 10 lux; T3:15 lux; and T4: 22 lux (control). In the third experiment, four types of lamps were evaluated: T1: compact fluorescent lamp (color temperature: 6,500 K); T2: compact fluorescent lamp (color temperature: 2,700 K); T3: incandescent lamp; and T4: yellow LED. In the last experiment, four lighting programs were compared: T1: continuous program (control), in which there was a single photoperiod of 15 h; the other treatments consisted of intermittent lighting programs, as follows: T2: 1 h of light provided 1 h after dusk; T3: 1 h of light provided 2 h before dawn; T4: half an hour of light provided 1 h after dusk and half an hour of light provided 1.5 h before dawn. In each experiment, 1,296 Japanese quail were evaluated for four 28-d cycles, totaling 112 experimental days. A completely randomized experimental design of 4 treatments with 12 replicates of 27 birds each was applied in all trials. Performance and egg quality were evaluated in each experiment. Higher egg production and adequate egg quality, as well as energy savings, can be obtained with Japanese quail using compact fluorescent lamps or LEDs and a photoperiod of 15 h/d supplied using an intermittent lighting program, with 1 h of artificial light 2 h before dawn at a brightness of 5 lux.
