ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between epidermal growth factor (EGF) and receptor (EGFR) levels in different clinical stages of dental implant rehabilitation and trace mucositis development's biological profile. Thirty-six participants from the Specialization in Implant Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil, were included in the study and underwent sample collection: inside the alveolar socket, immediately before implant placement (Group 1, n = 10); at the peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) during reopening (Group 2, n = 10); PICF from healthy peri-implant in function (Group 3, n = 8); and PICF from mucositis sites (Group 4, n = 18). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) evaluated EGF/EGFR gene expression using the SYBR Green Master Mix detection system. The results showed that EGF expression in the peri-implant crevicular fluid was statistically different. There was a higher EGF expression for group C (peri-implant health) (p = 0.04) than for the other groups. Regarding EGFR, there was no statistical difference among the groups (p = 0.56). It was concluded that low levels of EGF gene expression in the peri-implant crevicular fluid are related to the development of peri-implant mucositis and the absence of mucosae sealing. There was no correlation between EGFR gene expression with health or mucositis.
ABSTRACT
Despite the success of osseointegrated implants, failures have increased significantly, associated with development of peri-implantitis. Multiple factors influence the peri-implant bone loss, including environmental and genetic causes. BMPs (Bone morphogenetic proteins) are growth factors that induce bone formation. FGF (fibroblast growth factors) and their receptors (FGFRs) play important roles by controlling the levels of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. BMP/FGF relationship is responsible for promoting bone regeneration and bone loss. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between BMP4, FGF3, FGF10 and FGFR1 genes and peri-implant bone loss. Two hundred and fifteen volunteers, with 754 dental implants, were submitted to oral examination and divided in healthy group (n=129) and peri-implantitis group (n=86). Thirteen polymorphisms in BMP4, FGF3, FGF10 and FGFR1 genes were analyzed individually and in haplotype. The chi-square test correlated genotypes, allelic and haplotype frequencies. Values of p<0.05 were considered significant. Volunteers with peri-implantitis demonstrated high incidence of total edentulism (p<0.0001) and thin peri-implant phenotype (p<0.04). Higher incidence of spontaneous bleeding, plaque and implant mobility was observed in peri-implantitis group (p<0.0001 for all). The TT polymorphic genotype for BMP4 rs2761884 was associated with healthy peri-implant (p=0.01). FGF3 rs4631909 (TT+CT genotype) also showed association with the control group (p=0.04). The frequency of C allele for FGF3 rs4631909 showed a tendency for association with peri-implantitis (p=0.08). FGF10 CCTG (p=0.03), BMP4 GAAA (p=0.05) and GGGA (p=0.02) haplotypes were associated with peri-implantitis (p=0.03). Therefore, it may be concluded that BMP4 and FGF10 haplotypes are associated with peri-implantitis.
Subject(s)
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4/genetics , Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Haplotypes , Peri-Implantitis/genetics , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Abstract Despite the success of osseointegrated implants, failures have increased significantly, associated with development of peri-implantitis. Multiple factors influence the peri-implant bone loss, including environmental and genetic causes. BMPs (Bone morphogenetic proteins) are growth factors that induce bone formation. FGF (fibroblast growth factors) and their receptors (FGFRs) play important roles by controlling the levels of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. BMP/FGF relationship is responsible for promoting bone regeneration and bone loss. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between BMP4, FGF3, FGF10 and FGFR1 genes and peri-implant bone loss. Two hundred and fifteen volunteers, with 754 dental implants, were submitted to oral examination and divided in healthy group (n=129) and peri-implantitis group (n=86). Thirteen polymorphisms in BMP4, FGF3, FGF10 and FGFR1 genes were analyzed individually and in haplotype. The chi-square test correlated genotypes, allelic and haplotype frequencies. Values of p<0.05 were considered significant. Volunteers with peri-implantitis demonstrated high incidence of total edentulism (p<0.0001) and thin peri-implant phenotype (p<0.04). Higher incidence of spontaneous bleeding, plaque and implant mobility was observed in peri-implantitis group (p<0.0001 for all). The TT polymorphic genotype for BMP4 rs2761884 was associated with healthy peri-implant (p=0.01). FGF3 rs4631909 (TT+CT genotype) also showed association with the control group (p=0.04). The frequency of C allele for FGF3 rs4631909 showed a tendency for association with peri-implantitis (p=0.08). FGF10 CCTG (p=0.03), BMP4 GAAA (p=0.05) and GGGA (p=0.02) haplotypes were associated with peri-implantitis (p=0.03). Therefore, it may be concluded that BMP4 and FGF10 haplotypes are associated with peri-implantitis.
Resumo Apesar do alto índice de sucesso em implantodontia, falhas tem aumentado drasticamente, estando associadas ao desenvolvimento de peri-implantite. A perda óssea peri-implantar é influenciada por múltiplos fatores, incluindo causas genéticas e ambientais. As BMPs (proteínas ósseas morfogenéticas) são fatores de crescimento indutores da formação óssea. Os FGFs (fatores de crescimento dos fibroblastos) e seus receptores (FGFRs) desenvolvem importante função na proliferação, diferenciação e migração celular. A relação BMP/FGF é responsável pela regeneração e perda óssea. O objetivo deste estudo foi estudar a possível correlação entre os genes BMP4, FGF3, FGF10 e FGFR1 e a perda óssea peri-implantar. Duzentos e quinze voluntários, com 754 implantes, foram submetidos ao exame oral e divididos em grupo saúde (n=129) e peri-implantite (n=86). Treze polimorfismos nos genes BMP4, FGF3, FGF10 e FGFR1 foram analisados individualmente e como haplótipos. O teste do qui-quadrado correlacionou as frequências dos genótipos, alelos e haplótipos. Valores de p<0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significantes. Voluntários com peri-implantite mostraram alta incidência de edentulismo total (p<0,0001) e biotipo periodontal fino (p<0,04). Sangramento espontâneo, placa e mobilidade do implante foram altamente incidentes no grupo peri-implantite (p<0,0001). O genótipo polimórfico TT para BMP4 rs2761884 foi associado com saúde peri-implantar (p=0,01). FGF3 rs4631909 (genótipos TT+CT) mostraram associação com o grupo controle (p=0,04). A frequência do alelo C para FGF3 rs4631909 mostrou uma tendência de associação com peri-implantite (p=0,08). Os haplótipos FGF10 CCTG (p=0,03), BMP4 GAAA (p=0,05) e GGGA (p=0,02) foram associados com peri-implantite (p=0,03). Sendo assim, conclui-se que os haplótipos BMP4 e FGF10 estão associados com peri-implantite.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Adult , Middle Aged , Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4/genetics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Haplotypes , Peri-Implantitis/genetics , Double-Blind MethodABSTRACT
Subjects susceptible to chronic periodontitis (CP) show a high risk for the development of periimplantitis (PI). Both diseases are multifactorial, presenting similarities in their pathophysiology and polygenic profile. MMP-13 (matrix metalloproteinases 13/ collagenase 3) is a collagenolytic enzyme, which expression is induced by TGF beta 3 (transforming growth factor type 3) in human gingival fibroblasts and inhibited by TIMP-2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase type 2). The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of periimplantitis (PI) in subjects with history of chronic periodontitis (CP) and polymorphisms frequency in MMP13, TIMP2 and TGFB3 genes. One hundred and sixty-three volunteers received dental implant placement were submitted to oral and radiographic examination in order to identify past history of CP or presence of PI. Volunteers were divided into 4 groups: Control (without PI and CP, n=72), CP (with CP and without PI, n=28), PI (with PI and without CP, n=28) and diseased (with CP and PI, n=35). The chi-square test correlated genotypes in specific regions of MMP13 (rs2252070), TIMP2 (rs7501477) and TGFB3 (rs2268626) genes, considering the interaction between CP and PI. The results showed that volunteers with CP had 3.2 times more susceptibility to develop PI (p=0.0004) compared to those without CP. No significant association was observed in MMP13, TIMP2 and TGFB3 genes with CP or PI. CP is a risk factor to develop PI, however, there is no association of both diseases with polymorphisms in the MMP13, TIMP2 and TGFB3 genes.
Subject(s)
Peri-Implantitis/genetics , Periodontitis/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Aged , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Male , Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 , Middle Aged , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 , Transforming Growth Factor beta3ABSTRACT
Abstract Subjects susceptible to chronic periodontitis (CP) show a high risk for the development of peiimplantitis (PI). Both diseases are multifactorial, presenting similarities in their pathophysiology and polygenic profile. MMP-13 (matrix metalloproteinases 13/ collagenase 3) is a collagenolytic enzyme, which expression is induced by TGF beta 3 (transforming growth factor type 3) in human gingival fibroblasts and inhibited by TIMP-2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase type 2). The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of peiimplantitis (PI) in subjects with history of chronic periodontitis (CP) and polymorphisms frequency in MMP13, TIMP2 and TGFB3 genes. One hundred and sixty-three volunteers received dental implant placement were submitted to oral and radiographic examination in order to identify past history of CP or presence of PI. Volunteers were divided into 4 groups: Control (without PI and CP, n=72), CP (with CP and without PI, n=28), PI (with PI and without CP, n=28) and diseased (with CP and PI, n=35). The chi-square test correlated genotypes in specific regions of MMP13 (rs2252070), TIMP2 (rs7501477) and TGFB3 (rs2268626) genes, considering the interaction between CP and PI. The results showed that volunteers with CP had 3.2 times more susceptibility to develop PI (p=0.0004) compared to those without CP. No significant association was observed in MMP13, TIMP2 and TGFB3 genes with CP or PI. CP is a risk factor to develop PI, however, there is no association of both diseases with polymorphisms in the MMP13, TIMP2 and TGFB3 genes.
Resumo Indivíduos susceptíveis à periodontite crônica (CP) apresentam alto risco para o desenvolvimento de periimplantite (PI). Ambas doenças são multifatoriais e apresentam similaridades na patofisiologia e perfil poligênico. A MMP-13 (metaloproteinase da matriz tipo 13) é uma enzima colagenolítica cuja expressão é induzida por TGF beta 3 (fator transformador do crescimento tipo 3) nos fibroblastos gengivais humanos e inibida por TIMP-2 (inibidor tecidual de metaloproteinase tipo 2). O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ocorrência de periimplantite em sujeitos com periodontite crônica e a frequência dos polimorfismos nos genes MMP13, TIMP2 e TGFB3. Cento e sessenta e três voluntários submetidos à instalação de implantes endósseos foram analisados clínica e radiograficamente quanto à presença de histórico de CP e PI, sendo divididos em 4 grupos: Controle (sem história de CP e PI, n=72), CP (com CP e sem PI, n=28), PI (com PI e sem CP, n=28) e Doentes (com CP e PI, n=35). O teste do qui-quadrado correlacionou os genótipos nas regiões dos genes MMP13 (rs2252070), TIMP2 (rs7501477) e TGFB3 (rs2268626), considerando a interação entre CP e PI. Os resultados mostraram que voluntários com CP possuem 3.2 vezes mais chances de desenvolver PI (p=0.0004) comparados aos sem CP. Nenhuma associação significativa foi observada entre os genes MMP13, TIMP2 e TGFB3 e CP ou PI. A CP é um fator de risco ao desenvolvimento de PI, no entanto, não há associação entre ambas as doenças com polimorfismos nos genes MMP13, TIMP2 e TGFB3.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Peri-Implantitis/genetics , Periodontitis/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Chronic Disease , Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 , Transforming Growth Factor beta3ABSTRACT
As far as the periimplant anatomy is considered, the question raised is whether or not healthyperiimplant tissues present bleeding on probing (BOP). Aim: To assess if the criterion BOP isstrictly related to periimplant disease (PID). Methods: 134 patients were included in this study. Allperiimplant regions were clinically and radiographically evaluated. Patients were assigned to 3groups based on radiographic and clinical aspects in the periimplant region: Group A (healthysites)- no signs of mucosal inflammation or bone loss; Group B (mucositis) - red and swollenmucosa, but no radiographic bone loss; Group C (periimplantitis) - radiographically confirmedpathological bone loss. After this classification, all periimplant sulci were probed at 4 sites (mesial,distal, buccal, lingual/palatal). Patients mean age was 51.7±12.4 years, 77 women and 57 men,with a total of 486 osseointegrated endosseous implants. Results: Groups A and C showedsignificant difference in age and implant region distribution (p=0.009 and p=0.008, respectively).After initial clinical and radiographic diagnosis of periimplant status, 33 (20.1%) regions showedBOP in group A. All regions in Group B presented BOP. In Group C, 41 (19.9%) regions showedno BOP. All groups differed significantly considering BOP as diagnosis parameter (p<0.0001).Conclusions: BOP was always present in inflamed mucosa, but it was not always absent inhealthy mucosa. Not all periimplantitis regions showed BOP. Clinical and radiographic aspectsmust always be considered together for diagnosis of PID, even if BOP is absent.
Subject(s)
Diagnosis , Inflammation , Peri-ImplantitisABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the association between interleukin-6 (IL-6) G174C polymorphism and susceptibility to peri-implant disease (PID) and/or chronic periodontitis (CP), in Brazilian subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 103 Brazilian patients were submitted to peri-implant and periodontal examination. According to their peri-implant characteristics, patients were divided into: group A (healthy, n = 52), group B (peri-implant mucositis, n = 20), and group C (peri-implantitis, n = 31). All patients (n = 103) were also characterized as healthy periodontium patients without CP (HP, n = 60) or CP patients (CP, n = 43). DNA was extracted from buccal cells, and the IL-6 G174C polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Differences in the prevalence of genotypes and alleles between healthy and ill patients were analyzed by chi-square test (P < .05), considering PID, CP, and PID+CP. RESULTS: Results considered the presence of PID and/or CP in all patients. The CC genotype was the least common in all groups. The chi-square test showed no significant correlation between genotypes. However, the odds ratio showed that individuals with GG genotype and allele G were 1.53 and 1.43 times more susceptible to PID, respectively. The risk of presenting CP was increased in patients with GG genotype and allele G 1.35 and 1.24 times, respectively. When both diseases were evaluated together, patients with GG genotypes and allele G were 1.75 and 1.50 times more likely to present PID and CP together. When PID was evaluated without CP, patients with allele G were 2.08 times more susceptible to PID. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of the genotype IL-6 174GG and allele G was different between healthy and ill groups. Therefore, this genotype may be a common risk factor for both CP and PID in Brazilian populations.
