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1.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 81(10): 861-867, 2023 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37939718

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a deadly disease and increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is associated with worse outcomes in this context. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated whether dilated optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) depicted by optic nerve ultrasound (ONUS) at hospital admission has prognostic value as a predictor of mortality at 90 days. METHODS: Prospective multicenter study of acute supratentorial primary ICH patients consecutively recruited from two tertiary stroke centers. Optic nerve ultrasound and cranial computed tomography (CT) scans were performed at hospital admission and blindly reviewed. The primary outcome was mortality at 90-days. Multivariate logistic regression, ROC curve, and C-statistics were used to identify independent predictors of mortality. RESULTS: Between July 2014 and July 2016, 57 patients were evaluated. Among those, 13 were excluded and 44 were recruited into the trial. Their mean age was 62.3 ± 13.1 years and 12 (27.3%) were female. On univariate analysis, ICH volume on cranial CT scan, ICH ipsilateral ONSD, Glasgow coma scale, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and glucose on admission, and also diabetes mellitus and current nonsmoking were predictors of mortality. After multivariate analysis, ipsilateral ONSD (odds ratio [OR]: 6.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-33.01; p = 0.03) was an independent predictor of mortality, even after adjustment for other relevant prognostic factors. The best ipsilateral ONSD cutoff was 5.6mm (sensitivity 72% and specificity 83%) with an AUC of 0.71 (p = 0.02) for predicting mortality at 90 days. CONCLUSION: Optic nerve ultrasound is a noninvasive, bedside, low-cost technique that can be used to identify increased ICP in acute supratentorial primary ICH patients. Among these patients, dilated ONSD is an independent predictor of mortality at 90 days.


ANTECEDENTES: A hemorragia intraparenquimatosa (HIP) aguda apresenta elevada morbimortalidade e a presença de hipertensão intracraniana (HIC) confere um pior prognóstico. OBJETIVO: Avaliamos se a dilatação do diâmetro da bainha do nervo óptico (DBNO) através do ultrassom do nervo óptico (USNO) na admissão hospitalar seria preditora de mortalidade. MéTODOS: Estudo multicêntrico e prospectivo de pacientes consecutivos com HIP supratentorial primária aguda admitidos em dois centros terciários. Ultrassom do nervo óptico e tomografia computadorizada (TC) de crânio foram realizados na admissão e revisados de forma cega. O desfecho primário do estudo foi a mortalidade em 3 meses. Análises de regressão logística, curva de característica de operação do receptor (ROC, na sigla em inglês) e estatística-C foram utilizadas para identificação dos preditores independentes de mortalidade. RESULTADOS: Entre julho de 2014 e julho de 2016, 44 pacientes foram incluídos. A idade média foi 62,3 (±13,1) anos e 12 (27,3%) eram mulheres. Na análise univariada, o volume da HIP na TC de crânio, DBNO ipsilateral à HIP, glicemia, escala de coma de Glasgow (ECG) e NIHSS na admissão hospitalar, e também diabetes mellitus e não-tabagista foram preditores de mortalidade. Após análise multivariada, o DBNO ipsilateral à HIP permaneceu como preditor independente de mortalidade (odds ratio [OR]: 6,24; intervalo de confiança [IC] de 95%: 1,18­33,01; p = 0,03). O melhor ponto de corte do DBNO ipsilateral como preditor de mortalidade em 3 meses foi 5,6mm (sensibilidade 72% e especificidade 83%) e área sob a curva (AUC, na sigla em inglês) 0,71 (p = 0,02). CONCLUSãO: O USNO é um método não-invasivo, beira-leito, de baixo custo, que pode ser empregado para estimar a presença de HIC em pacientes com HIP supratentorial primária aguda. A presença de DBNO dilatada é um preditor independente de mortalidade em 3 meses nesses pacientes.


Subject(s)
Intracranial Hypertension , Stroke , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Male , Prospective Studies , Intracranial Pressure/physiology , Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography/methods , Optic Nerve/diagnostic imaging , Intracranial Hypertension/diagnostic imaging
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 81(10): 861-867, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1527870

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a deadly disease and increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is associated with worse outcomes in this context. Objective We evaluated whether dilated optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) depicted by optic nerve ultrasound (ONUS) at hospital admission has prognostic value as a predictor of mortality at 90 days. Methods Prospective multicenter study of acute supratentorial primary ICH patients consecutively recruited from two tertiary stroke centers. Optic nerve ultrasound and cranial computed tomography (CT) scans were performed at hospital admission and blindly reviewed. The primary outcome was mortality at 90-days. Multivariate logistic regression, ROC curve, and C-statistics were used to identify independent predictors of mortality. Results Between July 2014 and July 2016, 57 patients were evaluated. Among those, 13 were excluded and 44 were recruited into the trial. Their mean age was 62.3 ± 13.1 years and 12 (27.3%) were female. On univariate analysis, ICH volume on cranial CT scan, ICH ipsilateral ONSD, Glasgow coma scale, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and glucose on admission, and also diabetes mellitus and current nonsmoking were predictors of mortality. After multivariate analysis, ipsilateral ONSD (odds ratio [OR]: 6.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-33.01; p = 0.03) was an independent predictor of mortality, even after adjustment for other relevant prognostic factors. The best ipsilateral ONSD cutoff was 5.6mm (sensitivity 72% and specificity 83%) with an AUC of 0.71 (p = 0.02) for predicting mortality at 90 days. Conclusion Optic nerve ultrasound is a noninvasive, bedside, low-cost technique that can be used to identify increased ICP in acute supratentorial primary ICH patients. Among these patients, dilated ONSD is an independent predictor of mortality at 90 days.


Resumo Antecedentes A hemorragia intraparenquimatosa (HIP) aguda apresenta elevada morbimortalidade e a presença de hipertensão intracraniana (HIC) confere um pior prognóstico. Objetivo Avaliamos se a dilatação do diâmetro da bainha do nervo óptico (DBNO) através do ultrassom do nervo óptico (USNO) na admissão hospitalar seria preditora de mortalidade. Métodos Estudo multicêntrico e prospectivo de pacientes consecutivos com HIP supratentorial primária aguda admitidos em dois centros terciários. Ultrassom do nervo óptico e tomografia computadorizada (TC) de crânio foram realizados na admissão e revisados de forma cega. O desfecho primário do estudo foi a mortalidade em 3 meses. Análises de regressão logística, curva de característica de operação do receptor (ROC, na sigla em inglês) e estatística-C foram utilizadas para identificação dos preditores independentes de mortalidade. Resultados Entre julho de 2014 e julho de 2016, 44 pacientes foram incluídos. A idade média foi 62,3 (±13,1) anos e 12 (27,3%) eram mulheres. Na análise univariada, o volume da HIP na TC de crânio, DBNO ipsilateral à HIP, glicemia, escala de coma de Glasgow (ECG) e NIHSS na admissão hospitalar, e também diabetes mellitus e não-tabagista foram preditores de mortalidade. Após análise multivariada, o DBNO ipsilateral à HIP permaneceu como preditor independente de mortalidade (odds ratio [OR]: 6,24; intervalo de confiança [IC] de 95%: 1,18-33,01; p = 0,03). O melhor ponto de corte do DBNO ipsilateral como preditor de mortalidade em 3 meses foi 5,6mm (sensibilidade 72% e especificidade 83%) e área sob a curva (AUC, na sigla em inglês) 0,71 (p = 0,02). Conclusão O USNO é um método não-invasivo, beira-leito, de baixo custo, que pode ser empregado para estimar a presença de HIC em pacientes com HIP supratentorial primária aguda. A presença de DBNO dilatada é um preditor independente de mortalidade em 3 meses nesses pacientes.

3.
Int J Biol Markers ; 34(1): 80-89, 2019 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30852976

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to screen point mutations and deletions in APC and MUTYH genes in patients suspected of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) in a Brazilian cohort. METHODS: We used high-resolution melting, Sanger direct sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe association (MLPA) assays to identify point mutations, and large genomic variations within the coding regions of APC and MUTYH genes. RESULTS: We identified 19 causative mutations in 40 Brazilian patients from 20 different families. Four novel mutations were identified in the APC gene and two in the MUTYH gene. We also found a high intra- and inter-familial diversity regarding extracolonic manifestations, and gastric polyps were the most common manifestation found in our cohort. CONCLUSION: We believe that the FAP mutational spectrum can be population-specific and screening FAP patients in different populations can improve pre-clinical diagnosis and improve clinical conduct.


Subject(s)
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein/genetics , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/genetics , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , DNA Glycosylases/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Mutation , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phenotype , Prognosis , Young Adult
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