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Aim To assess and compare differences in oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behavior among preclinical and clinical dental students of Dental Institute, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. Material and methods A total of 175 students responded to a total of 37 questions regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding dentistry and oral health. The mean percentage scores and standard deviation were calculated to assess the relation between knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Results It was observed that the students in the clinical phase had significantly better knowledge and attitude towards oral health than preclinical undergraduates. There was no significant difference in mean and SD among clinical and preclinical students in behavior while statistically significant differences were observed in their responses to questions related to knowledge (p = 0.000) and attitude (p = 0.007). Female students had better knowledge than male students (p = 0.029). Conclusion Clinical dental students of the institute showed a marginally higher KAP regarding oral health than preclinical students. This might reveal an ineffective transition of the students from the preclinical to the clinical stage. On intergender comparison, the females were better oriented than males towards oral health.
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Background: Periapical diseases are common dental conditions that require non-surgical endodontic intervention (NEI) for successful treatment. However, the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the periapical healing (PH) outcome in diabetic patients remains somewhat unclear. This review aimed to evaluate the PH outcome following endodontic intervention among DM-afflicted individuals. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple electronic databases to identify relevant studies. Specifically, a set of selection criteria was applied to select studies that assessed PH outcomes in individuals with DM who underwent different treatment protocols. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed following predetermined protocols. The risk of bias (RoB) 2 assessment tool evaluated the quality of the included studies. Results: A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the investigation. Four studies showed a higher incidence of apical periodontitis in diabetic individuals compared to controls, and five studies reported reduced healing and success rates in this group. Overall, nine studies have shown that DM has a negative impact on periapical outcomes. This suggests that DM is an important factor in the prognosis of endodontic intervention. The assessment tools used were PAI, PR, SC, and FD analysis. RoB-2 assessed the included studies as having a moderate RoB. Conclusion: This review provides compelling evidence that DM patients experienced a noticeable negative impact on PH outcomes compared to the control population. These findings highlight the importance of considering the diabetic status of patients when assessing the prognosis of periapical diseases and planning interventions for NEI. Further research is needed to validate these results and explore potential mechanisms underlying the observed associations.
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Introduction Morphological changes or variations in the lower third molar can be of concern during the endodontic, orthodontic, or prosthetic intervention. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the morphological alterations in the roots and root canal of a mandibular third molar in Bhopal, Central India, on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methodology CBCT scans of 277 mandibular molars, of both genders, between the ages of 18 and 60 years were assessed for the presence of root numbers, the configuration of the canal based on Vertucci's categorization, and a C-shaped canal. Scan results were analyzed for differences in canal configuration between the roots and topographical distribution. A chi-square test was applied to find any significant differences between the teeth at p 0.05. Results Scans analyzed for variations in the third molar had a mean age of 38.64 + 5.71 years. The majority (95.3%) of the molars had two roots, 1.5% had three roots, and 0.4% had five roots. The mesial side of double-rooted teeth predominantly had Type II canal configuration (67.0%), while it was Type I (79.2%) in the distal aspect of the root. C-shaped canals were detected in 21 teeth, and no significant topographical difference was noted in the CBCT images. Conclusion The majority of the current population showed two roots with the same number of canals in the studied tooth. CBCT can be used as a diagnostic aid in identifying the canal numbers and their configuration so as to render appropriate intervention and minimize subsequent failure.
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INTRODUCTION: Parents' participation is crucial in the dental health intervention of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Parenting children with ASD is extremely stressful and challenging. Parents and other caregivers have a responsibility to care for and raise children with ASD. Parental perception of the condition, situational adaptation, and attitude towards the issue are significant indicators of how they will respond and eventually adapt to it. METHODOLOGY: A comparative, descriptive study was done on parents of 154 autistic children and 235 normal children. An 11-variable questionnaire eliciting various details of socio-psychological factors affecting the utilisation of oral health care was designed and validated. The questionnaire also included parameters regarding barriers to accessing dental services. The dental caries and oral hygiene status of all children were examined using the Basic Oral Health Survey 2013 proforma. Chi-square and independent t-tests were applied to find significant differences between the groups. RESULTS: A greater number of male children (61.0%) were observed among autistic children. Parental perception regarding socio-psychological concerns with raising an autistic child showed significant differences for all variables between the groups except for assistance in the child's task with 90.2% as against 55% of the parents with non-autistic children. Parents of autistic children were more receptive to the idea of focus group discussion. Decayed teeth were significantly found to be higher in autistic cohorts (2.554 ± 1.616 versus 1.779 ± 1.841). Oral hygiene status was also statistically significant amongst autism-affected children than those who were not at p =0.000. CONCLUSION: The present study explored various socio-psychological factors of parental perception of autistic children. A better outcome can be suggested when parents gained awareness regarding various strategies and treatment options available for their child's oral health. Furthermore, dental health can be improved by bringing in certain environmental modifications in which the autistic child is groomed.
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AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental dental anomalies in the East Indian subpopulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was based on clinical examination, evaluation of dental casts, and radiographs of 2385 Indian patients (1169 males and 1216 females), who visited Dental Institute, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. These patients were examined for shape anomalies, number anomalies, structural anomalies, and positional anomalies. RESULTS: It was observed that 5.83% of patients reported with a dental anomaly. Males reported with higher incidence with a male-to-female ratio of 1: 0.96. Microdontia was the most common anomaly. Unilateral microdontia was more common than bilateral and was more prominent in males (9.05%). It was observed that peg laterals were frequently encountered developmental anomaly at 1.34%, while the incidence of amelogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta was 0.29% and 0.33%, respectively. The present demography reported a very low incidence of dens, fusion, hyperdontia, hypodontia, and macrodontia at <0.01%, whereas anomalies such as transportation, transmigration, and hypodontia of the maxillary molar reported no prevalence. CONCLUSION: The percentage of dental anomalies although low should be treated as soon as possible to avoid further complications. The results of our study can serve as an indicator to ascertain the pattern of dental anomalies in Jharkhand. This might help to plan the dental treatment of the community.
