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1.
J Pak Med Assoc ; 74(4 (Supple-4)): S43-S48, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38712408

ABSTRACT

This narrative review explores the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and advanced imaging techniques in predicting Pathological Complete Response (pCR) in Breast Cancer (BC) patients undergoing Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy (NACT). Summarizing recent research findings underscores the significant strides made in the accurate assessment of pCR using AI, including deep learning and radiomics. Such AI-driven models offer promise in optimizing clinical decisions, personalizing treatment strategies, and potentially reducing the burden of unnecessary treatments, thereby improving patient outcomes. Furthermore, the review acknowledges the potential of AI to address healthcare disparities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), where accessible and scalable AI solutions may enhance BC management. Collaboration and international efforts are essential to fully unlock the potential of AI in BC care, offering hope for a more equitable and effective approach to treatment worldwide.


Subject(s)
Artificial Intelligence , Breast Neoplasms , Humans , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods , Deep Learning , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
2.
J Pak Med Assoc ; 74(4 (Supple-4)): S72-S78, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38712412

ABSTRACT

Radio genomics is an exciting new area that uses diagnostic imaging to discover genetic features of diseases. In this review, we carefully examined existing literature to evaluate the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) on dynamic contrastenhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) data to distinguish molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC). Implications to noninvasive assessment of molecular subtype include reduction in procedure risks, tailored treatment approaches, ability to examine entire lesion, follow-up of tumour biology in response to treatment and evaluation of treatment resistance and failure secondary to tumour heterogeneity. Recent studies leverage radiomics and AI on DCE-MRI data for reliable, non-invasive breast cancer subtype classification. This review recognizes the potential of AI to predict the molecular subtypes of breast cancer non-invasively.


Subject(s)
Artificial Intelligence , Breast Neoplasms , Contrast Media , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Humans , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Female , Machine Learning
3.
J Pak Med Assoc ; 74(4 (Supple-4)): S109-S116, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38712418

ABSTRACT

Breast Cancer (BC) has evolved from traditional morphological analysis to molecular profiling, identifying new subtypes. Ki-67, a prognostic biomarker, helps classify subtypes and guide chemotherapy decisions. This review explores how artificial intelligence (AI) can optimize Ki-67 assessment, improving precision and workflow efficiency in BC management. The study presents a critical analysis of the current state of AI-powered Ki-67 assessment. Results demonstrate high agreement between AI and standard Ki-67 assessment methods highlighting AI's potential as an auxiliary tool for pathologists. Despite these advancements, the review acknowledges limitations such as the restricted timeframe and diverse study designs, emphasizing the need for further research to address these concerns. In conclusion, AI holds promise in enhancing Ki-67 assessment's precision and workflow efficiency in BC diagnosis. While challenges persist, the integration of AI can revolutionize BC care, making it more accessible and precise, even in resource-limited settings.


Subject(s)
Artificial Intelligence , Breast Neoplasms , Ki-67 Antigen , Workflow , Humans , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism , Female , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
4.
J Pak Med Assoc ; 74(4 (Supple-4)): S117-S125, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38712419

ABSTRACT

In the dynamic landscape of Breast Cancer (BC), Oligo- Metastatic Breast Cancer (OMBC) presents unique challenges and opportunities. This comprehensive review delves into current strategies for addressing OMBC, covering locoregional and site-specific metastasis management, and addressing both surgical and minimally invasive therapies as essential components. Moreover, the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is spotlighted. However, while the future looks promising, several limitations need addressing, including the need for further research, especially in diverse patient populations and resource-challenged settings. AI implementation may require overcoming the lack of Electronic Health Records acceptance in resource-challenged countries, which contributes to a scarcity of large datasets for AI training. As AI continues to evolve, validation and regulatory aspects must be continually addressed for seamless integration into clinical practice. In summary, this review outlines the evolving landscape of OMBC management, emphasizing the need for comprehensive research, global collaboration, and innovative AI solutions to enhance patient care and outcomes.


Subject(s)
Artificial Intelligence , Breast Neoplasms , Humans , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Female , Neoplasm Metastasis
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