ABSTRACT
Enzymes produced by basidiomycetes that are involved in the cellulose degradation process, and their respective codifying genes, must be identified to facilitate the development of novel biotechnological strategies and applications in the agro-industry. The objective of this study was to identify prospective cellulase-producing genes and characterize their cellulolytic activity, in order to elucidate the potential biotechnological applications (with respect to vegetal residues) of basidiomycetes. The basidiomycete strains Lentinula edodes U8-1, Lentinus crinitus U9-1, and Schizophyllum commune U6-7 were analyzed in this study. The cellulolytic activities of these fungi were evaluated based on the halo formation in carboxymethyl cellulose culture medium after dyeing with Congo red. The presence of cellulase-codifying genes (cel7A, cel6B, cel3A, and egl) in these fungal strains was also evaluated. L. edodes and S. commune presented the highest cellulolytic halo to mycelial growth radius ratio, followed by L. crinitus. Four genes were amplified in the L. edodes strain, whereas three and one genes were isolated from L. crinitus and S. commune, respectively. The cel6B gene (L. edodes) presented the conserved domain glyco_hydro_6 and characterized as cellobiohydrolase gene. The results of this study contribute to the existing knowledge on cellulases in basidiomycetes, and serve as a basis for future studies on the expression of these genes and the characterization of the catalytic activity of these enzymes. This allows for better utilization of these fungi in degrading vegetal fibers from agro-industrial residues and in other biotechnological applications.
Subject(s)
Basidiomycota/enzymology , Biodegradation, Environmental , Cellulase/metabolism , Cellulose/metabolism , Cellulase/chemistry , Cellulase/genetics , Cellulose/chemistryABSTRACT
Este experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Sericicultura, no Campus Sede da Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR) de Umuarama, no período de 17/09/2009 a 17/10/2009, com o objetivo de verificar o efeito da própolis em diferentes dosagens na alimentação durante o desenvolvimento biológico do bicho-da-seda (Bombxy mori L). O método empregado na parte experimental foi a pulverização do extrato alcoólico de própolis, diluído em 500 mL de água destilada nas folhas de amoreira, nas seguintes dosagens, água-controle, 5mL, 10mL, 15mL e 20mL compondo os tratamentos T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, respectivamente. As folhas de amoreira foram fornecidas cinco vezes ao dia, durante o manejo alimentar. Verificou-se pelos resultados obtidos, que as diferentes dosagens de própolis utilizadas interferem no ganho de peso das lagartas, no peso dos casulos verdes e crisálidas quando comparado ao tratamento controle, influenciando também no número de casulos formados e, para os teores de seda bruto e líquido não apresentaram resultados significativos, quando comparados com o tratamento controle. Portanto, verificou-se que a própolis, nas dosagens utilizadas, não trouxe efeitos depressivos à biologia e produção do bicho-da-seda.
This experiment was conducted at the Sericulture Laboratory, in the Campus Sede of the Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR) in Umuarama, from 17/09/2009 to 17/10/2009, in order to verify the effects of propolis in different dosages during the development of silkworm (Bombyx mori L). The method used during the experiment was the dillution of an alcohoolic solution of propolis, in 500 mL of destilled water with its further pulverization on mullberry leaves, with the following doses: water control; 5 mL; 10 mL; 15 mL; 20 mL, composing the following treatments: T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, respectively. The mullberry leaves were sprinkled five times a day, during the feed management. It was verified by the results that the different doses of propolis used interfere with gain-weight of the larvae, weight of cocoons and chrysalis, when compared to control. The treatment also influenced the number of cocoons formed. The contento fraw and liquid silk were not significant when compared with the control. Therefore, it was concluded that the propolis, used in those dosages, brought no depressive effects to the development and the production of silkworm.
Este experimento se realizó en el Laboratorio de Sericicultura del Campus Sede de la Universidad Paranaense (UNIPAR) de Umuarama, en el período de 17/09/2009 a 17/10/2009, con el objetivo de verificar el efecto de propóleos en diferentes dosis en la alimentación durante el desarrollo biológico del gusano de seda (Bombyx mori L.). El método usado en la parte experimental fue la pulverización del extracto alcohólico de propóleos, diluido en 500 ml de agua destilada en las hojas de morera, en las siguientes dosis: agua control, 5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml y 20 ml componiendo los tratamientos T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, respectivamente. Las hojas de morera fueron suministradas cinco veces al día, durante el manejo alimentar. Por los resultados obtenidos se verificó que las dosis diferentes de propóleos utilizadas interfieren en el gano de peso de los gusanos, en el peso de los capullos verdes y crisálidas cuando comparado al tratamiento control, influenciando también en el número de capullos formados y, para contenidos de seda bruta y líquida no presentan resultados significativos, mientras comparado con el tratamiento control. Sin embargo, se puede verificar que propóleos, en dosis utilizadas, no trajo efectos depresivos a la biología y producción del gusano.
