Development of the 'Canteen Scan': an online tool to monitor implementation of healthy canteen guidelines.

BACKGROUND: To improve the availability and accessibility of healthier food and drinks in schools, sports and worksites canteens, national Guidelines for Healthier Canteens were developed by the Netherlands Nutrition Centre. Until now, no tool was available to monitor implementation of these guidelines. This study developed and assessed the content validity and usability of an online tool (the 'Canteen Scan') that provides insight into and directions for improvement of healthier food products in canteens. METHODS: The Canteen Scan was developed using a three-step iterative process. First, preliminary measures and items to evaluate adherence to the guidelines were developed based on literature, and on discussions and pre-tests with end-users and experts from science, policy and practice. Second, content validity of a paper version of the Canteen Scan was assessed among five end-users. Third, the online Canteen Scan was pilot tested among end-users representing school canteens. Usability was measured by comprehensibility, user-friendliness, feasibility, time investment, and satisfaction. RESULTS: The content validity of the Canteen Scan was ensured by reaching agreement between stakeholders representing science, policy and practice. The scan consists of five elements: 1) basic conditions (e.g. encouragement to drink water and availability of policy regarding the guidelines), 2) product availability offered on displays (counter, shelf) and 3) in vending machines, 4) product accessibility (e.g. promotion and placement of products), and 5) an overall score based on the former elements and tailored feedback for creating a healthier canteen. The scan automatically classifies products into healthier or less healthy products. Pilot tests indicated good usability of the tool, with mean scores of 4.0-4.6 (5-point Likert scale) on the concepts comprehensibility, user-friendliness and feasibility. CONCLUSION: The Canteen Scan provides insight into the extent to which canteens meet the Dutch Guidelines for Healthier Canteens. It also provides tailored feedback to support adjustments towards a healthier canteen and with the scan changes over time can be monitored. Pilot tests show this tool to be usable in practice.

Consuming a diet complying with front-of-pack label criteria may reduce cholesterol levels: a modeling study.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Front-of-pack nutrition labels can help consumers to make healthier choices and stimulate healthier product development. This is the first modeling study to investigate the potential impact on cholesterol levels of consuming a diet consisting of products that comply with the criteria for a 'healthier choice logo'. SUBJECTS/METHODS: National food consumption and food composition data were used to estimate the nutrient intake of the Dutch adult population (18-70 years) before and after replacing foods that did not comply with the choices front-of-pack label criteria. Different scenarios were established. The difference in cholesterol levels in the Dutch population was assessed before and after replacement by means of equations from meta-analyses that calculate how blood lipids change when diet composition changes. RESULTS: After replacing non-complying products with products, which comply with the label's criteria (maximum scenario), saturated fatty acids median intake reduced from 14.5 to 9.8 en%. Trans-fatty acids reduced from 0.95 to 0.57 en%. The average predicted changes in low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels were -0.25 and -0.31 mmol/l, respectively. Because high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels reduced as well (-0.05 mmol/l), overall, the result was a slightly positive change in the total cholesterol/HDL ratio (-0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the consumption of foods complying with the criteria for a front-of-pack label could contribute moderately to cardiovascular risk reduction via influencing blood lipids. These findings were independent of other potential effects on related health outcomes.

The effects of using a nutrition logo on consumption and product evaluation of a sweet pastry.

Nutrition logos have received a great deal of attention to stimulate people to eat a healthier diet. However, very little is known neither about actual consumption behavior related to nutrition logos nor about potential compensatory eating behaviors due to nutrition logos. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of using an existing nutrition logo on consumption and product evaluation of a chocolate mousse cake. A cross-over design was applied with two conditions: a condition with a logo and a condition without a logo. Participants were females recruited in the university community (n = 36, mean age 22.6 ± 6.3). Data on consumption, tastefulness, perceived healthiness, dietary restraint and Body Mass Index were collected. No significant differences between conditions were found on consumption and tastefulness. The cake was rated as significantly less unhealthy in the logo condition. In conclusion, results cannot be extrapolated to other products, especially not to products that are perceived as healthy. In this study, the use of a nutrition logo did not result in an increased consumption and had no effect on the rating of taste of a sweet pastry among females from the university community.