Vertical distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon and vegetation types under different elevation gradients in Cangshan, Dali.

Background: The Cangshan National Nature Reserve of Dali City was adopted as the research object to clarify the vertical distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and vegetation types at different elevations in western Yunnan. Methods: The contents of SOC, light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), heavy fraction organic carbon (HFOC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in the 0-30 cm soil layer at different elevations (2,400, 2,600, 2,800, 3,000, 3,200, 3,400, and 3,600 m) were determined, and the above-ground vegetation types at different elevations were investigated. Results: Results showed that the SOC content was the highest in 0-20 cm surface soil and gradually decreased with the deepening of the soil layer. It increased then decreased with the increase in elevation, and it peaked at 3,000 m. The LFOC content was between 1.28 and 7.3515 g kg-1. It exhibited a decreasing trend and little change in profile distribution. The HFOC content ranged between 12.9727 and 23.3708 g kg-1; it increased then decreased with the increase in profile depth. The WSOC content was between 235.5783 and 392.3925 mg kg-1, and the response sensitivity to elevation change was weak. With the increase in elevation, WSOC/SOC and LFOC/SOC showed a similar trend, whereas HFOC presented an opposite trend. This observation indicates that the active organic carbon content at 3,600 m was lower than that at 2,400 m, and the middle elevation was conducive to the storage of active organic carbon. Meanwhile, the physical and chemical properties of soil affected the distribution of organic carbon to a certain extent. The vegetation type survey showed that the above-ground dominant species within 2,400-2,800 m were Pinus yunnanensis and Pinus armandii. Many evergreen and mixed coniferous broadleaf forests were distributed from 3,000 m to 3,200 m. Species of Abies delavayi were mainly distributed from 3,400 m to 3,600 m. This research serves as a reference for the study of forest soil carbon stability in high-elevation areas and plays an important role in formulating reasonable land use management policies, protecting forest soil, reducing organic carbon loss, and investigating the carbon sequestration stability of forest ecosystems.

Investigation of competitive binding of ibuprofen and salicylic acid with serum albumin by affinity capillary electrophoresis.

Ibuprofen and salicylic acid, two typical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are used commonly as analgesic drug in clinical medicine and sometimes are co-administered. When the drugs are co-administered, the drug-drug interactions may occur, and can lead to alter the safety and efficacy of drugs, resulting in variations in drug response of the co-administered drugs. Affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) was employed to investigate the competitive binding of ibuprofen and salicylic acid on serum albumin. Mobility ratio, derivatives from mobility shift method, was used to deduce the binding constant (K(b)). The binding constants of ibuprofen with HSA are 2.97×106 M⁻¹ and 7.07×104 M⁻¹, respectively; while for salicylic acid, the binding constant is 5.99×104 M⁻¹. The competitive binding of the two drugs was investigated by addition of excessive ibuprofen into the solutions containing constant concentrations of salicylic acid and serum albumin. The results confirmed that ibuprofen and salicylic acid have different high-affinity binding site, but share some low-affinity binding sites on the serum albumin; and ibuprofen is able to partially replace salicylic acid from the preformed binary complexes of serum albumin and salicylic acid.