ABSTRACT
Gossypol is a polyphenolic, yellowish compound derived from cottonseed extract. The present study examined the effects of gossypol on the apoptosis and autophagy of HT29 cells. A Cell Counting Kit8 assay, Annexin VFITC, JC1 staining and western blotting were used to identify the viability of cells, stages of apoptosis and the expression levels of the signaling proteins. Gossypol promoted apoptosis and induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Further investigation of the apoptotic mechanism revealed that gossypol increased the ratio of Bcell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein/Bcl2 protein levels and upregulated the expression of caspase3. Gossypol also enhanced the activity of microtubuleassociated protein light chain 3 LC3II and Beclin1 and downregulated LC3I, in a dosedependent manner. Together, these finding suggested that gossypol may be a novel and potential antitumor agent.
Subject(s)
Apoptosis/drug effects , Autophagy/drug effects , Gossypol/pharmacology , Beclin-1/metabolism , Caspase 3/metabolism , Down-Regulation/drug effects , HT29 Cells , Humans , Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects , Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism , Up-Regulation/drug effects , bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolismABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy and toxic effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using docetaxel combined with oxaliplatin and fluorouracil for treating stage III/IV gastric cancer. METHODS: A total of 53 stage III/IV gastric cancer patients were enrolled into the study and treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Two of the cases were excluded. The program was as follows: 75 mg/m(2) docetaxel and 85 mg/m(2) oxaliplatin on day 1 and 1500 mg/m(2) fluorouracil on days 1 to 3 for three weeks. RESULTS: The tumour changes, postoperative remission rate, changes in the symptoms and adverse reactions were observed. The overall clinical efficacy (complete remission + partial remission) of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 62.7%. R0 radical resection was performed on 60.8% of the patients, with a remission rate (pathological complete response + pathological subtotal response + pathological partial response) of 74.2%. The Karnofksy score improved in 42 cases. The toxicity reactions mostly included myelosuppression, followed by gastrointestinal mucosal lesions, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of docetaxel combined with oxaliplatin and fluorouracil is effective for stage III/IV gastric cancer. However, the treatment is associated with a high incidence of bone marrow suppression, which should be managed clinically.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Gastrectomy , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy , Aged , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Docetaxel , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Fluorouracil/administration & dosage , Humans , Karnofsky Performance Status , Male , Middle Aged , Neoadjuvant Therapy/adverse effects , Neoplasm Staging , Organoplatinum Compounds/administration & dosage , Oxaliplatin , Remission Induction , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Taxoids/administration & dosage , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to compare the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with double contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCUS) in the staging of gastric malignancies. DCUS is a transabdominal ultrasound technique using both intravenous and intraluminal contrast to enhance sonographic visualization. METHODS: This retrospective study included 162 patients with biopsy-proven gastric cancer who underwent DCUS and EUS preoperatively with the ultrasound results compared with the pathologic findings of the resected specimens. RESULTS: The overall accuracy of DCUS and EUS for tumor (T) staging was 77.2% and 74.7%, respectively. Comparison of ultrasound techniques for T staging revealed that DCUS was superior to EUS only for a tumor depth of T3 (chi-square, P = .025). Lymph nodes were staged correctly with DCUS and EUS in 78.4% and 57.4% of cases, respectively (chi-square, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: DCUS offers a noninvasive approach for the staging of gastric cancer. DCUS was comparable to EUS in tumor depth evaluation but offered an advantage in lymph node detection.