Pathological Characteristics and Classification of Unstable Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques.

Important forensic diagnostic indicators of sudden death in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, such as acute or chronic myocardial ischemic changes, sometimes make it difficult to locate the ischemic site due to the short death process, the lack of tissue reaction time. In some cases, the deceased died of sudden death on the first-episode, resulting in difficulty for medical examiners to make an accurate diagnosis. However, clinical studies on coronary instability plaque revealed the key role of coronary spasm and thrombosis caused by their lesions in sudden coronary death process. This paper mainly summarizes the pathological characteristics of unstable coronary plaque based on clinical medical research, including plaque rupture, plaque erosion and calcified nodules, as well as the influencing factors leading to plaque instability, and briefly describes the research progress and technique of the atherosclerotic plaques, in order to improve the study on the mechanism of sudden coronary death and improve the accuracy of the forensic diagnosis of sudden coronary death by diagnosing different pathologic states of coronary atherosclerotic plaques.

Quantitative Evaluation of Compressed L4-5 and S1 Nerve Roots of Lumbar Disc Herniation Patients by Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Fiber Tractography.

OBJECTIVE: To delineate fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of compressed nerve roots in patients with lumbar disc herniation by diffusion tensor imaging and fiber bundle tracing and investigate the relationship between FA and ADC values and Swiss Spinal Stenosis Questionnaire and visual analog scale scores. METHODS: Twenty patients with lumbar disc herniation and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were assessed using the Swiss Spinal Stenosis Questionnaire and visual analog scale. All subjects underwent conventional sagittal T1-weighted and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, axial T2-weighted imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography. RESULTS: In 20 patients with lumbar disc herniation, there were 31 nerve roots involved (9/31 L4, 15/31 L5, and 7/31 S1). Mean Swiss Spinal Stenosis Questionnaire scores of patients were 53.55% ± 11.91%, and mean visual analog scale scores were 5.96 ± 1.64. FA values of lumbar nerve roots were 0.332 ± 0.014 in healthy volunteers. FA values of compressed lumbar nerve roots were 0.251 ± 0.022, significantly lower than FA values of contralateral noncompressed nerve roots and lumbar nerve roots of healthy volunteers. ADC values of lumbar nerve roots were 1.763 ± 0.075 in healthy volunteers. ADC values of compressed lumbar nerve roots were 2.090 ± 0.078, significantly higher than ADC values of contralateral noncompressed nerve roots and lumbar nerve roots of healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: Fiber tractography is capable of delineating microstructural changes of lumbosacral nerve roots, and radiculopathy in lumbar disc herniation is associated with significant changes in FA and ADC values.

Monitoring and probabilistic risk assessment of chlorothalonil residues in vegetables from Shandong province (China).

The aims of this study were to investigate the contamination status of chlorothalonil pesticide residues in vegetables from Shandong province, and to assess the potential risk of chlorothalonil to consumers based on vegetable consumption and body weight using an improved non-parameter probabilistic model. The results showed that Young children (8 months-6 years old) were more sensitive than General population(above 1year-old). In general, the health risk of chlorothalonil residues to 2 consumer groups via vegetable exposure was low, and the level of residual chlorothalonil was below the Acute Reference Dose (ARfD). This result would provide useful information for re-evaluating pesticides and for revising the chlorothalonil standard in vegetables.