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1.
J Phys Chem Lett ; 15(37): 9342-9348, 2024 Sep 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39236290

ABSTRACT

The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to HCOOH provides an avenue for reducing global accelerated CO2 emissions and producing high-value-added chemicals. Nevertheless, the presence of an inherent linear scaling relationship (LSR) between *OCHO and *HCOOH leads to the electrosynthesis of HCOOH being achieved at high cathodic potentials. In this work, by adjusting the different Cu:Sn ratio of SnxCu(1-x) alloys, we comprehensively explored the electrocatalytic 2e- CO2RR performance toward the production of HCOOH. Combining density functional theory calculations with the constant-potential implicit solvent model, the Sn0.03Cu0.97 surface alloy was posited to be a promising electrocatalyst with superior HCOOH selectivity and an ultralow limiting potential of -0.20 V in an environment of pH = 7.2. The high performance was found to originate from the breaking of the LSR, which is a result of an extraordinary electronic property of the active Cu site. This work not only advances a global-searched strategy for the rational design of efficient catalysts toward HCOOH production but also provides in-depth insights into the underlying mechanism for the enhanced performance of microalloy electrocatalysts.

2.
World J Clin Cases ; 12(26): 5946-5951, 2024 Sep 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39286381

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Primary light chain amyloidosis is a rare and complex disease with complex clinical features and is highly susceptible to misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis in the early stages. CASE SUMMARY: We report a case of a 47-year-old female patient whose only initial symptom was periorbital purpura, which was not taken seriously enough. As the disease progressed, pleural effusion gradually appeared, and after systematic diagnosis and treatment, she was diagnosed with "primary light chain amyloidosis". She achieved rapid hematological remission after treatment with a daratumumab + bortezomib + cyclophosphamide + dexamethasone regimen. CONCLUSION: Periorbital purpura can be the only initial symptom of primary light chain amyloidosis; we should pay attention to the cases where the initial clinical symptoms are only periorbital purpura.

3.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc ; 325: 125117, 2024 Sep 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39288602

ABSTRACT

The abuse of antibiotics has seriously threatened human health and living environment. Nevertheless, the detection of quinolones is currently mainly performed by high-cost and cumbersome means, such as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Herein, we reported a novel method based on copper-doped MoOx nanoparticles (Cu-MoOx NPs) with peroxidase-like enhancement activity for the easy preparation, sensitive and rapid visualization of quinolone detection. Cu-MoOx NPs can make the chromogenic substrate 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) change from colorless to blue. Moreover, the addition of quantitative quinolone antibiotics can significantly accelerate the TMB oxidation reaction. Based on this phenomenon, a colorimetric method for detecting quinolone antibiotics was established with a good linear relationship ranging from 1 × 10-6 M to 1.3 × 10-4 M, and the detection limit was 0.310 µM for ciprofloxacin (CIP) and 0.520 µM for levofloxacin (LVFX). Furthermore, the mechanism was also explored, and the results showed that the peroxidase-like activity of Cu-MoOx NPs was probably derived from the generated OH, 1O2, oxygen vacancies and partially reduced Cu+, and on the other hand was derived from quinolone antibiotics and nanozymes electrostatic interaction between them.

4.
J Alzheimers Dis ; 2024 Sep 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39240641

ABSTRACT

Background: Identifying high-risk individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who are likely to progress to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for early intervention. Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a novel clinical score for personalized estimation of MCI-to-AD conversion. Methods: The data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study were analyzed. Two-thirds of the MCI patients were randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 478), and the remaining one-third formed the validation cohort (n = 239). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with MCI-to-AD progression within 4 years. A prediction score was developed based on the regression coefficients derived from the logistic model and tested in the validation cohort. Results: A lipidomics-signature was obtained that showed a significant association with disease progression. The MCI conversion scoring system (ranged from 0 to 14 points), consisting of the lipidomics-signature and five other significant variables (Apolipoprotein ɛ4, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test immediate and delayed recall, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale delayed recall test, Functional Activities Questionnaire, and cortical thickness of the AD signature), was constructed. Higher conversion scores were associated with a higher proportion of patients converting to AD. The scoring system demonstrated good discrimination and calibration in both the training cohort (AUC = 0.879, p of Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.597) and the validation cohort (AUC = 0.915, p of Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.991). The risk classification achieved excellent sensitivity (0.84) and specificity (0.75). Conclusions: The MCI-to-AD conversion score is a reliable tool for predicting the risk of disease progression in individuals with MCI.

5.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 16(35): 46323-46331, 2024 Sep 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39180551

ABSTRACT

Co-electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 and nitrate/nitrite as carbon and nitrogen sources to synthesize urea is an effective strategy to solve the energy problem and alleviate environmental pollution. In this work, combined density functional theory calculations with a constant-potential implicit solvent model, we proposed a strategy for the determination of the preferred reaction pathway and the potential window that is guided by the potential-dependent free energy change. It was found that on the FeNi-N6-C surface, the C-N coupling occurs between *NHO and the protonated CO2 in the potential window of -2.43 to -1.34 V for the urea electrochemical production, where the predicted onset potential accords well with the experimental results. The activity originates from the less weak bonding strength of N-O and the negatively charged N atom in *NHO. This study offers a general approach to determining the optimal reaction pathway in electrochemistry and insights into the mechanism of electrochemical synthesis of urea.

6.
Biomacromolecules ; 25(8): 4991-5007, 2024 Aug 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39087761

ABSTRACT

The GPS-Nanoconveyor (MA-NV@DOX-Cas13a) is a targeted nanoplatform designed for the imaging and gene/chemotherapy synergistic treatment of melanoma. It utilizes rolling circle amplification (RCA) products as a scaffold to construct a DNA "Nanoconveyor" (NV), which incorporates a multivalent aptamer (MA) as a "GPS", encapsulates doxorubicin (DOX) in the transporter, and equips it with CRISPR/Cas13a ribonucleoproteins (Cas13a RNP). Carrying MA enhances the ability to recognize the overexpressed receptor nucleolin on B16 cells, enabling targeted imaging and precise delivery of MA-NV@DOX-Cas13a through receptor-mediated endocytosis. The activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in cancer cells triggers cis-cleavage of CRISPR/Cas13a, initiating its trans-cleavage function. Additionally, deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) degrades MA-NV, releasing DOX for intracellular imaging and as a chemotherapeutic agent. Experiments demonstrate the superior capabilities of this versatile nanoplatform for cellular imaging and co-treatment while highlighting the advantages of these nanodrug delivery systems in mitigating DOX side effects.


Subject(s)
CRISPR-Cas Systems , Doxorubicin , Doxorubicin/pharmacology , Doxorubicin/chemistry , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Animals , Mice , Humans , Aptamers, Nucleotide/chemistry , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods , Cell Line, Tumor , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
7.
Environ Res ; 259: 119540, 2024 Oct 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38960357

ABSTRACT

Simultaneous CO2 sequestration and nitrate removal can be achieved by co-cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris with Pseudomonas sp. However, a comprehensive understanding of the synergistic mechanism between C. vulgaris and Pseudomonas sp. remains unknown. In this study, transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis were employed to elucidate the synergistic mechanism of C. vulgaris and Pseudomonas sp. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses identified 3664 differentially expressed genes and 314 metabolites. Transcriptome analysis revealed that co-culture with Pseudomonas sp. promoted the photosynthesis of C. vulgaris by promoting the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and photosynthesis-antenna proteins. Furthermore, it stimulated pathways associated with energy metabolism from carbon sources, such as the Calvin cycle, glycolytic pathway, and TCA cycle. Additionally, Pseudomonas sp. reduced nitrate levels in the co-culture system by denitrification, and microalgae regulated nitrate uptake by down-regulating the transcript levels of nitrate transporter genes. Metabolomic analysis indicated that nutrient exchange was conducted between algae and bacteria, and amino acids, phytohormones, and organic heterocyclic compounds secreted by the bacteria promoted the growth metabolism of microalgae. After supplementation with differential metabolites, the carbon fixation rate and nitrate removal rate of the co-culture system reached 0.549 g L-1 d-1 and 135.4 mg L-1 d-1, which were increased by 20% and 8%, respectively. This study provides a theoretical insight into microalgae-bacteria interaction and its practical application, as well as a novel perspective on flue gas treatment management.


Subject(s)
Carbon Dioxide , Chlorella vulgaris , Nitrates , Pseudomonas , Transcriptome , Chlorella vulgaris/metabolism , Chlorella vulgaris/genetics , Nitrates/metabolism , Pseudomonas/metabolism , Pseudomonas/genetics , Carbon Dioxide/metabolism , Metabolomics , Carbon Sequestration , Coculture Techniques
8.
Sensors (Basel) ; 24(11)2024 May 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38894292

ABSTRACT

Intelligent fault diagnostics based on deep learning provides a favorable guarantee for the reliable operation of equipment, but a trained deep learning model generally has low prediction accuracy in cross-domain diagnostics. To solve this problem, a deep learning fault diagnosis method based on the reconstructed envelope spectrum is proposed to improve the ability of rolling bearing cross-domain fault diagnostics in this paper. First, based on the envelope spectrum morphology of rolling bearing failures, a standard envelope spectrum is constructed that reveals the unique characteristics of different bearing health states and eliminates the differences between domains due to different bearing speeds and bearing models. Then, a fault diagnosis model was constructed using a convolutional neural network to learn features and complete fault classification. Finally, using two publicly available bearing data sets and one bearing data set obtained by self-experimentation, the proposed method is applied to the data of the fault diagnostics of rolling bearings under different rotational speeds and different bearing types. The experimental results show that, compared with some popular feature extraction methods, the proposed method can achieve high diagnostic accuracy with data at different rotational speeds and different bearing types, and it is an effective method for solving the problem with cross-domain fault diagnostics for rolling bearings.

9.
Immun Ageing ; 21(1): 30, 2024 May 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38745313

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The accumulation of senescent microglia has been highlighted as a critical contributor to the progression of tauopathies. Irisin, a muscle-derived hormone produced by the proteolytic cleavage of Fibronectin-domain III containing 5 (FNDC5), mediates the pleiotropic effects of exercise on the physical body. Herein, we investigate the potential role of irisin in microglial senescence in tauopathies. METHODS: To model tauopathies both in vivo and in vitro, we utilized P301S tau transgenic mice and tau K18 fibril-treated microglia BV2 cells, respectively. We first examined the expression of the irisin expression and senescence phenotypes of microglia in tauopathies. Subsequently, we investigated the impact of irisin on microglial senescence and its underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULT: We observed a reduction in irisin levels and an onset of premature microglial senescence both in vivo and in vitro. Irisin administration was found to counteract microglial senescence and ameliorate cognitive decline in P301S mice. Mechanistically, irisin effectively inhibited microglial senescence by stimulating the expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), a master regulator of mitochondrial respiratory chain biogenesis, thereby enhancing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Silencing TFAM eliminated the inhibitory effect of irisin on microglial senescence as well as the restorative effect of irisin on mitochondrial OXPHOS. Furthermore, the SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway appeared to be implicated in irisin-mediated upregulation of TFAM. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our study revealed that irisin mitigated microglial senescence via TFAM-driven mitochondrial biogenesis, suggesting a promising new avenue for therapeutic strategies targeting tauopathies.

10.
J Hazard Mater ; 470: 134244, 2024 May 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38598879

ABSTRACT

Spirulina platensis can secrete extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) helping to protect damage from stress environment, such as cadmium (Cd2+) exposure. However, the responding mechanism of S. platensis and the secreted EPS to exposure of Cd2+ is still unclear. This research focuses on the effects of Cd2+ on the composition and structure of the EPS and the response mechanism of EPS secretion from S. platensis for Cd2+ exposure. S. platensis can produce 261.37 mg·g-1 EPS when exposing to 20 mg·L-1 CdCl2, which was 2.5 times higher than the control group. The S. platensis EPS with and without Cd2+ treatment presented similar and stable irregularly fibrous structure. The monosaccharides composition of EPS in Cd2+ treated group are similar with control group but with different monosaccharides molar ratios, especially for Rha, Gal, Glc and Glc-UA. And the Cd2+ treatment resulted in a remarkable decline of humic acid and fulvic acid content. The antioxidant ability of S. platensis EPS increased significantly when exposed to 20 mg·L-1 CdCl2, which could be helpful for S. platensis protecting damage from high concentration of Cd2+. The transcriptome analysis showed that sulfur related metabolic pathways were up-regulated significantly, which promoted the synthesis of sulfur-containing amino acids and the secretion of large amounts of EPS.


Subject(s)
Cadmium , Spirulina , Spirulina/drug effects , Spirulina/metabolism , Cadmium/toxicity , Humic Substances , Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix/metabolism , Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix/drug effects , Benzopyrans/pharmacology , Antioxidants/metabolism , Monosaccharides
11.
Pak J Med Sci ; 40(4): 612-616, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38545032

ABSTRACT

Objective: To explore risk factors of electrical status epilepticus during sleep in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BECT). Methods: This is a clinical comparative study. The subjects of study were 67 children with BECT from the Outpatient Department of Pediatric Neurology in Xingtai People's Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022. According to the occurrence of ESES, the enrolled children were divided into control group which included BECT children without ESES and the observation group which included BECT children with ESES. Compared differences of the two groups in the age of first seizure, the frequency of seizures before treatment, the classification of treatment drugs, cranial MRI, and discharge side of electroencephalogram (EEG). Results: There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the frequency of seizures before treatment, the classification of treatment drugs, cranial MRI, and the distribution of EEG discharges in the left and right cerebral areas(P>0.05). Statistical differences were observed in the age of the first seizure, whether the seizures occurred after treatment, and EEG discharges in unilateral/bilateral cerebral areas (P<0.05). Furthermore, the collinearity test and Logistic regression analysis showed that the age of the first seizure, the frequency of seizures before treatment, and whether the seizures occurred after treatment were independent risk factors for the occurrence of ESES in BECT (P<0.05). Conclusion: Clinically, the occurrence of ESES in children with BECT may be related to the younger age of the first seizure, higher frequency of seizures before treatment, and the occurrence of seizures after treatment.

12.
Adv Sci (Weinh) ; 11(10): e2306023, 2024 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38133495

ABSTRACT

The erratic, intermittent, and unpredictable nature of sweat production, resulting from physiological or psychological fluctuations, poses intricacies to consistently and accurately sample and evaluate sweat biomarkers. Skin-interfaced microfluidic devices that rely on colorimetric mechanisms for semi-quantitative detection are particularly susceptible to these inaccuracies due to variations in sweat secretion rate or instantaneous volume. This work introduces a skin-interfaced colorimetric bifluidic sweat device with two synchronous channels to quantify sweat rate and biomarkers in real-time, even during uncertain sweat activities. In the proposed bifluidic-distance metric approach, with one channel to measure sweat rate and quantify collected sweat volume, the other channel can provide an accurate analysis of the biomarkers based on the collected sweat volume. The closed channel design also reduces evaporation and resists contamination from the external environment. The feasibility of the device is highlighted in a proof-of-the-concept demonstration to analyze sweat chloride for evaluating hydration status and sweat glucose for assessing glucose levels. The low-cost yet highly accurate device provides opportunities for clinical sweat analysis and disease screening in remote and low-resource settings. The developed device platform can be facilely adapted for the other biomarkers when corresponding colorimetric reagents are exploited.


Subject(s)
Skin , Sweat , Sweat/chemistry , Skin/chemistry , Biomarkers/analysis , Lab-On-A-Chip Devices , Glucose/analysis
13.
Lab Chip ; 24(2): 356-366, 2024 01 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38108440

ABSTRACT

Non-electronic wearables that utilize skin-interfaced microfluidic technology have revolutionized the collection and analysis of human sweat, providing valuable biochemical information and indicating body hydration status. However, existing microfluidic devices often require constant monitoring of data during sweat assessment, thereby impeding the user experience and potentially missing anomalous physiological events, such as excessive sweating. Moreover, the complex manufacturing process hampers the scalability and large-scale production of such devices. Herein, we present a self-feedback microfluidic device with a unique dehydration reminder through a cost-effective "CAD-to-3D device" approach. It incorporates two independent systems for sweat collection and thermal feedback, including serpentine microchannels, reservoirs, petal-like bursting valves and heating chambers. The device operates by sequentially collecting sweat in the channels and reservoirs, and then activating thermal stimulators in the heating chambers through breaking the valves, initiating a chemical exothermic reaction. Human trials validate that the devices effectively alert users to potential dehydration by inducing skin thermal sensations triggered by sweat sampling. The proposed device offers facile scalability and customizable fabrication, and holds promise for managing hydration strategies in real-world scenarios, benefiting individuals engaged in sporting activities or exposed to high-temperature settings.


Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques , Sweat , Humans , Sweating , Microfluidics , Feedback , Dehydration , Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
14.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 15(32): 38562-38571, 2023 Aug 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37530029

ABSTRACT

The slippage of moisture-sensitive materials from substrates during bending or stretching is a common issue that causes baseline drift and even failure of the flexible humidity sensors, which are essential components of wearable electronic devices. In this study, we report a stretchable, self-adhesive, and transparent humidity-sensing electronic patch comprising liquid metal particle electrodes with a stretchable serpentine structure and a humidity-sensing layer made of Ti3C2Tx MXene/carboxymethyl cellulose. This patch is constructed on a soft-hard integrated heterostructure substrate and demonstrates stable humidity-sensitive response performance at 100% tensile strain, along with autonomous adhesion to human skin. Additionally, it exhibits maximum response (1145.4%) at 90% relative humidity (RH), fast response and recovery time (1.4/5.9 s), elevated sensitivity (64.63%/% RH), and preserved humidity sensing under deformation, as well as easy scalability for multiplexed detection. We further illustrate the patch's potential applications in healthcare and environmental monitoring through a non-contact security door control system and wind monitor system. Our proposed strain-isolation strategy can be extended to other rigid conductive materials and stretchable substrates, providing a feasible mechanism for producing stretchable electronic skin patches.

15.
Waste Manag ; 164: 181-190, 2023 Jun 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37059042

ABSTRACT

A small amount of leachate with complex composition will be produced during the compressing of municipal solid waste in refuse transfer stations. In this study, the freeze-melt method, a green and efficient wastewater treatment technology, was used to treat the compressed leachate. The effects of freezing temperature, freezing duration, and ice melting method on the removal rates of contaminants were investigated. The results showed that the freeze-melt method was not selective for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP). The removal rate of contaminants was positively correlated with freezing temperature and negatively correlated with freezing duration, and the slower the growth rate of ice, the higher the purity of ice. When the compressed leachate was frozen at -15 °C for 42 h, the removal rates of COD, TOC, NH3-N and TP were 60.00%, 58.40%, 56.89% and 55.34%, respectively. Contaminants trapped in ice were removed during the melting process, especially in the early stages of melting. The divided melting method was more beneficial than the natural melting method in removing contaminants during the initial stage of melting, which contributes to the reduction of produced water losses. This study provides a new idea for the treatment of small amounts of highly concentrated leachate generated by compression facilities distributed in various corners of the city.


Subject(s)
Ice , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Freezing , Solid Waste , Ammonia/analysis , Nitrogen/analysis , Phosphorus , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
16.
Anal Bioanal Chem ; 415(12): 2217-2226, 2023 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36864310

ABSTRACT

Sensitive detection of cancer cells plays a critical role in early cancer diagnosis. Nucleolin, overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells, is regarded as a candidate biomarker for cancer diagnosis. Thus, cancer cells can be detected through the detection of membrane nucleolin. Herein, we designed a nucleolin-activated polyvalent aptamer nanoprobe (PAN) to detect cancer cells. In brief, a long single-stranded DNA with many repeated sequences was synthesized through rolling circle amplification (RCA). Then the RCA product acted as a scaffold chain to combine with multiple AS1411 sequences, which was doubly modified with fluorophore and quenching group, respectively. The fluorescence of PAN was initially quenched. Upon binding to target protein, the conformation of PAN changed, leading to the recovery of fluorescence. The fluorescence signal of cancer cells treated with PAN was much brighter compared with that of monovalent aptamer nanoprobes (MAN) at the same concentration. Furthermore, the binding affinity of PAN to B16 cells was proved to be 30 times higher than that of MAN by calculating the dissociation constants. The results indicated that PAN could specifically detect target cells, and this design concept has potential to become promising in cancer diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Aptamers, Nucleotide , Neoplasms , Humans , Phosphoproteins/metabolism , RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Aptamers, Nucleotide/chemistry , DNA, Single-Stranded , Nucleolin
17.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 120(13): e2221049120, 2023 Mar 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36940332

ABSTRACT

Smart adhesives that can be applied and removed on demand play an important role in modern life and manufacturing. However, current smart adhesives made of elastomers suffer from the long-standing challenges of the adhesion paradox (rapid decrease in adhesion strength on rough surfaces despite adhesive molecular interactions) and the switchability conflict (trade-off between adhesion strength and easy detachment). Here, we report the use of shape-memory polymers (SMPs) to overcome the adhesion paradox and switchability conflict on rough surfaces. Utilizing the rubbery-glassy phase transition in SMPs, we demonstrate, through mechanical testing and mechanics modeling, that the conformal contact in the rubbery state followed by the shape-locking effect in the glassy state results in the so-called rubber-to-glass (R2G) adhesion (defined as making contact in the rubbery state to a certain indentation depth followed by detachment in the glassy state), with extraordinary adhesion strength (>1 MPa) proportional to the true surface area of a rough surface, overcoming the classic adhesion paradox. Furthermore, upon transitioning back to the rubbery state, the SMP adhesives can detach easily due to the shape-memory effect, leading to a simultaneous improvement in adhesion switchability (up to 103, defined as the ratio of the SMP R2G adhesion to its rubbery-state adhesion) as the surface roughness increases. The working principle and the mechanics model of R2G adhesion provide guidelines for developing stronger and more switchable adhesives adaptable to rough surfaces, thereby enhancing the capabilities of smart adhesives, and impacting various fields such as adhesive grippers and climbing robots.

18.
ACS Nano ; 17(6): 5588-5599, 2023 03 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36745638

ABSTRACT

Monitoring sweat rate is vital for estimating sweat loss and accurately measuring biomarkers of interest. Although various optical or electrical sensors have been developed to monitor the sensible sweat rate, the quantification of the insensible sweat rate that is directly related to body thermoregulation and skin barrier functions still remains a challenge. This work introduces a superhydrophobic sweat sensor based on a polyacrylate sodium/MXene composite sandwiched between two superhydrophobic textile layers to continuously measure sweat vapor from insensible sweat with high sensitivity and rapid response. The superhydrophobic textile on a holey thin substrate with reduced stiffness and excellent breathability allows the permeation of sweat vapor, while preventing the sensor from being affected by the external water droplets and internal sensible sweat. Integrating the insensible sweat sensor with a flexible wireless communication and powering module further yields a standalone sensing system to continuously monitor insensible sweat rates at different body locations for diverse application scenarios. Proof-of-concept demonstrations on human subjects showcase the feasibility to continuously evaluate the body's thermoregulation and skin barrier functions for the assessment of thermal comfort, disease conditions, and nervous system activity. The results presented in this work also provide a low-cost device platform to detect other health-relevant biomarkers in the sweat (vapor) as the next-generation sweat sensor for smart healthcare and personalized medicine.


Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques , Sweat , Humans , Sweat/chemistry , Body Temperature Regulation , Biomarkers/analysis , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
19.
Sci China Technol Sci ; 66(1): 223-232, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36593863

ABSTRACT

Elastomeric encapsulation layers are widely used in soft, wearable devices to physically isolate rigid electronic components from external environmental stimuli (e.g., stress) and facilitate device sterilization for reusability. In devices experiencing large deformations, the stress-isolation effect of the top encapsulation layer can eliminate the damage to the electronic components caused by external forces. However, for health monitoring and sensing applications, the strain-isolation effect of the bottom encapsulation layer can partially block the physiological signals of interest and degrade the measurement accuracy. Here, an analytic model is developed for the strain- and stress-isolation effects present in wearable devices with elastomeric encapsulation layers. The soft, elastomeric encapsulation layers and main electronic components layer are modeled as transversely isotropic-elastic mediums and the strain- and stress-isolation effects are described using isolation indexes. The analysis and results show that the isolation effects strongly depend on the thickness, density, and elastic modulus of both the elastomeric encapsulation layers and the main electronic component layer. These findings, combined with the flexible mechanics design strategies of wearable devices, provide new design guidelines for future wearable devices to protect them from external forces while capturing the relevant physiological signals underneath the skin. Electronic Supplementary Material: Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s11431-022-2034-y.

20.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc ; 287(Pt 2): 122084, 2023 Feb 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36379087

ABSTRACT

Nanozymes have potential applications in many fields, and a novel copper-containing nanozyme with highly dispersity and uniformity was self-assembled for efficient degradation of various organic dyes in this work. In the nanozyme, histidine was used to coordinate with copper ions, and hydrogen peroxide was prone to Fenton-like reaction to generate hydroxylated copper oxide intermediates. The nanozyme showed good peroxidase-like activity, and also had the ability to catalyze the degradation of various organic dyes efficiently with good storage and recycling ability. Furthermore, the degradation kinetics and mechanism of nanozyme had been further studied, and found that hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen play vital roles in the catalytic degradation process. Meanwhile, this nanozyme can efficiently degrade two organic compounds at the same time, and this system is capable of dealing with complex practical application scenarios where wastewater contains a variety of organic pollutants.


Subject(s)
Copper , Hydrogen Peroxide , Histidine , Coloring Agents , Wastewater
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