Impact of chemoradiotherapy on the survival of unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a retrospective cohort analysis.

BACKGROUND: The role of chemoradiotherapy in unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer is still unclear. METHODS: Data from patients with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to identify the independent prognostic factors of survival. Propensity score matching was carried out to minimize the interference of confounding factors. Subgroup analysis was performed to screen the characteristics of patients who would benefit from chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: A total of 5002 patients with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer were included. Among them, 2423 (48.4%) received chemotherapy, and 2579 (51.6%) received chemoradiotherapy. The median overall survival of all patients was 11 months. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that age (p < 0.001), marital status (p < 0.001), tumor size (p = 0.001), N stage (p = 0.015) and radiotherapy (p < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors of survival. Both before (HR, 0.817; 95% CI, 0.769-0.868; p < 0.001) and after (HR, 0.904; 95% CI, 0.876-0.933; p < 0.001) propensity score matching, chemoradiotherapy significantly improved the median overall survival of patients from 10 to 12 months. Subgroup analysis showed that chemoradiotherapy was significantly associated with improved survival regardless of sex, primary site or N stage. In addition, the following subgroups all significantly benefited from chemoradiotherapy: age ≥ 50 years, not divorced, grade 2-4, tumor size > 2 cm, adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma and white race. CONCLUSIONS: Chemoradiotherapy is highly recommended for patients with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Corrigendum: Establishment and validation of prognostic nomograms for patients with parotid gland adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified: a SEER analysis from 2004 to 2016.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.799452.].

Establishment and Validation of Prognostic Nomograms for Patients With Parotid Gland Adenocarcinoma Not Otherwise Specified: A SEER Analysis From 2004 to 2016.

Background: Parotid gland adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (PANOS) is a rare malignant tumor with limited data on its characteristics and prognosis. This research is aimed at characterizing PANOS and developing prognostic prediction models for patients with PANOS. Methods: Cases from 2004-2016 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were applied to ascertain the factors associated with survival. Competing risk analysis and Gray's tests were employed to analyze cancer-specific death. Propensity score matching (1:1) was conducted to reduce the influence of confounding variables. Results: A total of 446 patients with a median age of 66 years were selected, of which 307 were diagnosed with stage III/IV PANOS. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of all patients was 51.8%, and the median survival time was 66 months. Surgical treatment clearly improved survival time (p < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, radiotherapy showed survival benefits in patients with stage III/IV disease (p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that age, T classification, N classification, M classification and surgery were independent prognostic indicators for OS; T classification, N classification, M classification and surgery were independent risk factors for cancer-specific survival (CSS). In addition, age was independently associated with other cause-specific death. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, two nomograms were developed and verified by the concordance index (C-index) (0.747 and 0.780 for OS and CSS) and the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (0.756, 0.764, and 0.819 regarding for nomograms predicting 3-, 5-, and 10- year OS, respectively and 0.794, 0.789, and 0.806 for CSS, respectively). Conclusions: Our study clearly presents the clinicopathological features and survival analysis of patients with PANOS. In addition, our constructed nomogram prediction models may assist physicians in evaluating the individualized prognosis and deciding on treatment for patients.

Polysiloxane assisted fabrication of chiral crystal sponge coated capillary column for chiral gas chromatographic separation.

Chiral crystalline sponges (CCSs) are a recent class of chiral porous metal complexes potential in chiral recognition. Here we report the fabrication of polysiloxane OV-1701 incorporated CCS-3S (PSO/CCS-3S) coated capillary column as a novel stationary phase for gas chromatographic separation of diverse racemates. CCS-3S with the chiral ligand of (S)-mandelic was selected as the model CCS. With the aid of polysiloxane OV-1701, PSO/CCS-3S coated capillary column gave improved resolution, broader enantiomers separation scope and much larger McReynolds constants than CCS-3S coated capillary column. Many racemates that cannot be separated on CCS-3S coated capillary column were well resolved on PSO/CCS-3S coated capillary column. The PSO/CCS-3S coated capillary column also gave wide linear range, low limit of detection, good repeatability and reproducibility, and fine inertness and anti-column bleeding properties for the separation of enantiomers. In addition, the PSO/CCS-3S coated capillary column presented better resolution for the studied racemates than commercial ß-cyclodextrin based Cyclosil B (30 m long ×0.32 mm i.d. × 0.25 µm film thickness), ß-DEX 225 (30 m long ×0.25 mm i.d. × 0.25 µm film thickness) and amino acid based Chirasil L-Val (25 m long ×0.25 mm i.d. × 0.12 µm film thickness) capillary columns. These results indicate the great potential of PSO/CCS-3S coated capillary column in separation of enantiomers.

Quaternary climate change and habitat preference shaped the genetic differentiation and phylogeography of Rhodiola sect. Prainia in the southern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

There are two long-standing biogeographic hypotheses regarding the glacial survival of plant species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP): the in situ survival hypothesis and the tabula rasa hypothesis. We tested these two hypotheses in a phylogeographic study of Rhodiola sect. Prainia, a monophyletic section with ecologically divergent lineages. Molecular data from the nuclear internal transcribed spacer, six plastid markers and 13 nuclear microsatellite loci were analyzed for 240 individuals from 19 populations of this section. Environmental data were used to analyze the niches of major phylogenetic lineages within this section and to model changes in their distributions since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). We found that Rhodiola sect. Prainia consists of three evolutionary lineages: all populations of R. stapfii, R. prainii populations at the southern edge of the QTP, and R. prainii populations in the interior part of the QTP. During the LGM, the survival of R. prainii in the interior part of the QTP corresponded with the in situ survival hypothesis, while R. stapfii most probably survived the LGM in a manner corresponding with the tabula rasa hypothesis. The evolutionary history of different lineages of this section was shaped by topography, climate change, and lineage-specific habitat preferences.