ABSTRACT
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) are commonly admitted to hospital and generally have a prolonged hospital stay in this part of the world. We aimed to determine different clinical and laboratory parameters that are associated with prolonged hospital stay in our set-up and to analyse effectiveness of Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) score as a predictor of prolonged hospital stay in patients with PTE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a hospital based observational prospective study. Confirmed cases of PTE defined as patients with evidence of thrombus on CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) were included in this study. Depending on the length of hospital stay, patients were divided into two cohorts: Shorter Hospital stay (less than mean i.e., < 10 Days) and Prolonged Hospital stay (longer than mean i.e., ≥ 10 Days). Logistic regression analysis was done to identify predictors of prolonged hospital stay. RESULTS: 150 patients were included in the study with 67 patients (44.67%) having shorter hospital stay (<10 days) and 83 patients (55.33%) having prolonged hospital stay (≥10 days). On multivariate regression analysis, parameters that were found to be statistically significant were hypotension at presentation, decreased level of consciousness, pco2 < 30 mmHg, presence of S1Q3T3 pattern on electrocardiogram (ECG) and high risk PESI (class III-V). CONCLUSION: PESI class can be effectively used to predict prolonged hospital stay in patients with pulmonary embolism. Patients with hypotension at presentation, decreased level of consciousness, pco2 less than 30 mmHg, and S1Q3T3 on ECG are more likely to have prolonged hospital stay in our healthcare setup.
Subject(s)
Length of Stay , Pulmonary Embolism , Acute Disease , Carbon Dioxide/blood , Computed Tomography Angiography , Consciousness Disorders/etiology , Electrocardiography , Humans , Hypotension/etiology , Prospective Studies , Pulmonary Embolism/blood , Pulmonary Embolism/complications , Pulmonary Embolism/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Embolism/therapy , Pulmonary Heart Disease/diagnosis , Pulmonary Heart Disease/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 is a pandemic affecting mainly respiratory and gastrointestinal system. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) binds angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) resulting in hypokalaemia. We hereby report the a of hypokalaemic paralysis induced by COVID-19. CASE: A 56 years old male with no co-morbidities presented with fever (2days), weakness in bilateral lower limbs (1 day). His had severe hypokalaemia with serum potassium of 2.05 mEq/L. RT-PCR of nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV- 19 was positive. He was diagnosed as a case of hypokalaemic paralysis induced by COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSION: We suggest that during this pandemic era if a COVID-19 patient presents with paralysis, hypokalaemia induced paralysis should be kept in the differential diagnosis. WHAT IS KNOWN: COVID-19 infection leads to hypokalemia. WHAT IS NEW: Hypokalaemic paralysis as a manifestation of COVID-19.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Hypokalemia , Humans , Hypokalemia/etiology , Male , Middle Aged , Pandemics , Paralysis/etiology , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 2019) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is observed to cause liver dysfunction. We aimed to observe abnormal liver function tests (LFTs) in COVID-19 patients admitted in our hospital. METHODS: It was a cross- sectional study involving 105 COVID-19 patients who were admitted in our Hospital from 03-04-2020 to 02-05-2020. The COVID-19 positivity was defined on basis of real-time PCR. Thorough clinical examination and laboratory investigations including Complete Blood Count, Renal function Tests, Liver Function Tests, Chest X-ray, ECG, etc. were done. RESULTS: The total number of male and female patients were 64 and 41. Out of total 105 patients, 62 i.e. 59.04% had abnormal LFTs at time of admission. Out of these 62 patients, 44(70.9%) were Male and 18(29.03%) were female. Only 5(4.76%) patients had abnormal LFTs on repeat testing. Median Age of patients was 33years. Average stay of patients with Abnormal LFTs was 15 days (10-16 days) as compared to 10 days (7-11days) for patients with normal LFTs. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Abnormal Liver function tests in patients of COVID-19 is 59.04%. Abnormal liver functions were more in males. The average stay in hospital for COVID-19 patients with abnormal LFTs was longer than those with normal LFTs.
