1.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
; 49(8): 3546-9, 2005 Aug.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-16048981
ABSTRACT
Nystatin is an antifungal compound with potent proinflammatory properties. Herein, we demonstrate that nystatin induces interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha secretion through its activation of toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and TLR2. Hence, a TLR-dependent mechanism could serve as the molecular basis for the proinflammatory properties of nystatin.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cytokines/metabolism , Inflammation/chemically induced , Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism , Nystatin/pharmacology , Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism , Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology , Cell Line , Humans , Inflammation/immunology , Interleukin-1/metabolism , Interleukin-8/metabolism , Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology , Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology , Toll-Like Receptor 1 , Toll-Like Receptor 2 , Toll-Like Receptors , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
2.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
; 49(4): 1617-21, 2005 Apr.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-15793154
ABSTRACT
Amphotericin B (AmB) is a ligand of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Here, we demonstrate the participation of TLR1 in AmB-induced cell activation that led to the secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-8. Hence, TLR2-TLR1 coactivation serves as the underlying mechanism for the proinflammatory toxicities associated with AmB.