ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: The adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a member of the Parvoviridae family and has emerged as one of the most popular and promising approaches for gene therapy due to its low toxicity, low immunogenicity, and excellent safety after optimization. Advances in gene therapy methods have allowed novel treatments such as using AAV to knock out or repair target genes. AAV-mediated gene therapy has been used in numerous tumor studies, including lymphatic metastasis of prostate cancer, liver cancer, and renal cell carcinoma in mice. Ovarian cancer is an extremely aggressive malignancy which is prone to recurrence, and AAV vector-based gene therapy may be a potential treatment strategy. Methods: Herein, we reviewed the current research to provide an update on the role of AAV-mediated gene therapy in tumor research, especially in ovarian cancer. To find recent developments in pertinent research, we examined the PubMed database. Key Content and Findings: AAV vectors may produce steady and effective gene expression without becoming harmful, making it a viable gene delivery technique. AAV-based gene therapy products have been widely used in preclinical research and some have achieved marketing approval. Conclusions: Due to its affinity for various organs, reliable integration, and long-lasting expression, certain AAV serotypes have been widely used in gene therapy. However, there are also some challenges. Extensive research on the role of AAV in disease and gene therapy has shown great potential. Herein, we examined the literature to better understand the function of the AAV in tumor research, particularly in ovarian cancer research.
ABSTRACT
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy, and its incidence has been increasing every year. Nerve signaling is part of the tumor microenvironment and plays an active role in tumor progression and invasion. However, the relationship between the expression of neural-related genes (NRGs) and prognosis in endometrial cancer remains unknown. In this study, we obtained RNA sequencing data of EC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Endometrial cancer was classified into two subtypes based on the expression of neural-associated genes (NRGs), with statistical differences in clinical stage, pathological grading, and prognosis. A prognostic prediction model was established by LASSO-Cox analysis, and the results showed that high expression of NRGs was associated with poor survival prognosis. Further, CHRM2, GRIN1, L1CAM, and SEMA4F were found to be significantly associated with clinical stage, immune infiltration, immune response, and important signaling pathways in endometrial cancer. The reclassification of endometrial cancer based on NRG expression would be beneficial for future clinical practice. The genes CHRM2, GRIN1, L1CAM, and SEMA4F might serve as potential biomarkers of EC prognosis.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To determine the association between HLA-DRB1 haplotypes and risk of cervical cancer in unselected and samples from Chinese ethnicities. METHODS: A comprehensive search for articles from their inception to April 1st, 2013 was conducted from PubMed, Medline, Elsevier Science, Springer Link, Cochrane Library database, China biology medical literature database (CBM),China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),VIP,and Chinese literature database(Wang fang). A total of 1596 patients with cervical cancer and 2048 controls from the 12 studies on the relationship between gene polymorphism of HLA-DRB l and cervical cancer were performed and data were analyzed and processed using Review Manager 5.0 and Stata 11.0. RESULTS: Among the 13 family alleles, two (DRB1*03 and DRB1*08) were found to be negatively associated with cervical cancer in all studies or in Uighur subgroups, and two (DRB1*10 and DRB1*15) were positively associated with in all studies or in Uighur subgroups. Among the 25 specific alleles, six (DRB1*0301, *0403,*0404, *0803, *1312 and *1502) were associated with an increased risk cervical cancer in all studies. No significant association was established for other HLA-DRB1 family alleles and specific alleles. Ethnicity partially explained the race influence of DRB1*12, DRB1*14, DRB1*0301, DRB1*0403, DRB1*0404, DRB1*0803, DRB1*1312 and DRB1*1502 phenotypes. CONCLUSION: Our results support the hypothesis that the HLA-DRB1 family alleles and specific alleles might influence the susceptibility or resistance to cervical cancer, suggesting that immune regulation may play a key role in this disease, although further investigations are still needed.