ABSTRACT
Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) represent a group of common and frequently-occurring diseases that seriously affect the life quality of women, generally including stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Surgery has been used as a treatment for PFD, but almost 30% of patients require subsequent surgery due to a high incidence of postoperative complications and high recurrence rates. Therefore, investigations of new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Stem cells possess strong multi-differentiation, self-renewal, immunomodulation, and angiogenesis abilities and they are able to differentiate into various cell types of pelvic floor tissues and thus provide a potential therapeutic approach for PFD. Recently, various studies using different autologous stem cells have achieved promising results by improving the pelvic ligament and muscle regeneration and conferring the tissue elasticity and strength to the damaged tissue in PFD, as well as reduced inflammatory reactions, collagen deposition, and foreign body reaction. However, with relatively high rates of complications such as bladder stone formation and wound infections, further studies are necessary to investigate the role of stem cells as maintainers of tissue homeostasis and modulators in early interventions including therapies using new stem cell sources, exosomes, and tissue-engineering combined with stem cell-based implants, among others. This review describes the types of stem cells and the possible interaction mechanisms in PFD treatment, with the hope of providing more promising stem cell treatment strategies for PFD in the future.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of three different cell culture mediums, DMEM-LG, α-MEM and DMEM/F12, on the growth of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro, and so that to screen out the most suitable medium for in vitro culturing the rat BMSCs. METHODS: BMSCS were isolated from the femur and tibia of SD rats by whole bone marrow differential adherence method. The isolated cells were then cultured with three culture mediums, DMEM-LG, α-MEM and DMEM/F12. The rat BMSCs morphology, adhesion, proliferation, the time of passage and the number the colony at day 14 in three mediums respectively were observed with inverted phase contrast microscopy and compared. Flow cytometry was used to identify and observe the effects of different mediums on the surface antigen expression of rats BMSCs. RESULTS: Compared with the other two groups of media, BMSCs cultured in DMEM-LG had shorter colony formation time, shorter first passage time, more clone formation (14±2) and showed uniform morphology and the highest attachment efficiency (47.0±2.8)%. Meanwhile, BMSCs cultured with DMEM-LG entered logarithmic growth phase after only 4 days of culturing and showed the highest average specific growth rate and the largest average number of propagations per unit time. The total number of cells reached about (2.2-2.7)×105 mL-1 within three days. The cells cultured with 3 mediums were all identified as rat BMSCs, and the expression of surface antigen in BMSCs was not significantly affected by different media. CONCLUSION: DMEM-LG is more suitable for proliferation of rat BMSCs in vitro.
Subject(s)
Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Animals , Bone Marrow Cells , Cell Differentiation , Cells, Cultured , Rats , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of IL-8 on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ovarian cancer,which will provide experimental basis for revealing related molecular mechanism in malignant metastasis of ovarian cancer. METHODS: The migration of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 cells was explored with Real time label free cell analysis (RTCA) after treatment with recombinant human IL-8.SKOV3 cells were co-cultured with IL-8 for 48 h,proteins involved in EMT were investigated via Western blot to explore the effect of IL-8 on the activation of the EMT. Invasion of SKOV3 cells after treatment with IL-8 were evaluated by transwell assay. RESULTS: According to the results of RTCA,after treatment with IL-8 for 48 h,the migration of SKOV3 cells was in platform phase. The treatment of IL-8 unregulated vimentin and snail and downregulated E-cadherin,which suggested that IL-8 induced EMT in ovarian cancer. The results of transwell test showed that invasive ability of IL-8 pretreated SKOV3 cells was enhanced (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: IL-8 can induce the EMT of ovarian cancer and enhance the invasion and migration of ovarian cancer.
