A rare case of torsion and infarction of an extralobar pulmonary sequestration with MR, CT, and surgical correlation.

Extralobar pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital pulmonary malformation that may present early in life or remain asymptomatic. Here we present a case of torsion of an extralobar pulmonary sequestration on its vascular pedicle. Although the patient's initial symptomatology suggested intraabdominal pathology, the correct preoperative diagnosis was determined in large part by the lesion's MRI characteristics, which strongly suggested tissue infarction.

Bronchiolitis: A Practical Approach for the General Radiologist.

Radiologists consciously or unconsciously encounter bronchiolitis on images frequently. The purpose of this article is to simplify the concept of bronchiolitis to facilitate the formulation of a succinct and accurate differential diagnosis and suggest potential causes for the imaging findings. Direct and indirect signs of bronchiolitis that are seen on computed tomographic images are detailed. The most common causes of bronchiolitis are covered, including several distinct entities to be considered in specific clinical scenarios. In order of prevalence, the top two causes of bronchiolitis are infection and aspiration. Less common entities include respiratory bronchiolitis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, which tend to manifest with ground-glass centrilobular nodules. Some types of bronchiolitis affect specific ethnic groups or are associated with a characteristic clinical history. For example, diffuse panbronchiolitis typically affects Japanese subjects. Constrictive bronchiolitis should be considered in lung transplant recipients with ongoing rejection. Given the high frequency of bronchiolitis, radiologists should develop a systematic approach to both cellular and constrictive bronchiolitis. Recognition of specific clinical or imaging characteristics may be sufficient for providing a relevant differential diagnosis. ©RSNA, 2017.