Effects of pelvic floor myofascial manipulation intervention on primiparas and neonates during the second stage of vaginal delivery.

A prolonged second stage of vaginal delivery increases the risk of shoulder dystocia, unnecessary episiotomies and cesarean sections. However, no standardized method has been proposed to tackle this issue. The effects of pelvic floor myofascial manipulation intervention during the second stage of labor in primiparas and its prognostic value in neonatal postpartum outcomes remain unknown. In the present study, a total of 60 primiparas who were expecting a vaginal delivery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College (Haikou, China) between October 2021 and January 2022 were selected. These women were randomly assigned to a control group (standard intrapartum care) or an experimental group (pelvic floor myofascial manipulation for 15-20 min during the second stage of labor along with standard intrapartum care) using a random number table, with 28 patients in each group. There was no significant difference in age, gestational time or body mass index between the two groups before delivery, indicating that the baseline data were comparable. The second stage of labor duration, forced breath-holding time and postpartum hemorrhage volume in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The pain visual analog scale scores, fatigue scores and neonatal Apgar scores in the experimental group were also significantly lower than those in the control group. The rate of episiotomy in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, pelvic floor myofascial manipulation intervention during the second stage of labor for primiparas with vaginal delivery can reduce the duration of the second stage of labor, the amount of bleeding during labor and the pain during labor. Meanwhile, it has the potential to improve neonatal outcomes.

Binuclear cobalt(II) and two-dimensional manganese(II) coordination compounds self-assembled by mixed bipyridine-tetracarboxylic ligands with single-ion magnet properties.

A cobalt(II) complex and manganese(II) coordination polymer, formulated as [Co2(H2btca)(mbpy)4][H2btca]·4H2O (1) and {Mn2(btca)(mbpy)2(H2O)2}n (2) (H4btca = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid; mbpy = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl), constructed by mixed bipyridine-tetracarboxylic ligands were synthesized and characterized. Single-crystal structural analyses reveal that compound 1 is a discrete neutral binuclear molecule, while compound 2 is a two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymer. The metal ions in these compounds are well isolated, with an intramolecular Co2+⋯Co2+ distance of 9.170 Å for 1 and Mn2+⋯Mn2+ separation of 10.984 and 11.164 Å for 2 due to the bulk tetracarboxylic linker. This isolation gives rise to a single-ion magnetism origin of the compounds. Magnetic studies reveal a large zero-field splitting parameter D of 82.6 cm-1 for 1, while a very small D of 0.42 cm-1 was observed for 2. Interestingly, dynamic ac magnetic measurements exhibited slow magnetic relaxation under the external dc field of the two compounds, revealing the field-supported single-ion magnet (SIM) of 1 and 2. The detailed theoretical calculations were further applied to understand the electronic structures, magnetic anisotropy, and relaxation dynamics in 1 and 2. Combined with our recently reported compound (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2022, e202200354), the foregoing results provide not only a rare binuclear cobalt(II) SIM and the first 2D manganese(II) SIM coordination polymer but also a bipyridine-tetracarboxylic ligand approach toward novel SIMs.

[Field greenhouse gas emission characteristics and carbon footprint of ratoon rice]. / 再生稻田温室气体排放特征及碳足迹.

It is of great significance to understand the effects of different rice cultivation methods in southeast China on greenhouse gas emission characteristics and carbon footprint of paddy fields during rice cultivation for rice sustainable production. In this study, the popular conventional rice 'Jiafuzhan' and hybrid rice 'Yongyou 2640' were used as materials to establish four rice cultivation patterns suitable for different ecological types in Fujian Province: 1) double-cropping system, early rice and late rice with Jiafuzhan (D-J); 2) early maturing ratooning system, first season rice and ratooning season rice with Jiafuzhan (R-J); 3) middle-maturing ratooning system, first season rice and ratooning season with Yongyou 2640 (R-Y); and 4) single cropping system with Yongyou 2640 (S-Y), which should be synchronized in heading time with the counterpart (the ratooning season rice). Greenhouse gas emissions from paddy soil were measured by the closed static black box observation method and the gas chromatography method, respectively. The total direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions (carbon footprints) from different rice farming patterns were evaluated by using the life cycle analysis. The results showed that greenhouse gas emissions in different rice cropping systems were lower in the early growth stage, then decreased after reaching the peak at the booting stage, demonstrating a double peak curve in the whole growth stage, in which the first peak was higher in early season or first season than the second peak in the late season or ratooning season in the cropping patterns. Moreover, the total greenhouse gas emissions were significantly different among cropping systems. The global warming potential (GWP) of different cropping patterns was in order of R-Y>D-J>S-Y>R-J, while the annual greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGI) was D-J>S-Y>R-Y>R-J. GWP and GHGI of the ratooning system decreased by 26.1% and 14.1%, respectively, compared with those of the double-cropping system. The same pattern was observed in the ratooning rice of Yongyou 2640, which were decreased by 74.3% and 56.7%, respectively, compared with the counterpart, Yongyou 2640 in a single-cropping system synchronized heading. Carbon footprint of rice per unit yield ranged from 0.38-1.08 kg CO2-eq.·kg-1 under the different cropping systems, of which the carbon footprint of rice per unit yield was the highest under the double cropping system compared with that under other cropping systems. The reverse was true in the case of carbon footprint of rice per unit yield under the ratooning system with Yongyou 2640. Additionally, the main source of carbon footprint of different rice cropping patterns was CH4, contributing 44.2%-71.5%, suggesting that rice ratooning system could significantly reduce global warming potential and carbon emission intensity of rice in comparison with other cropping patterns. Therefore, it is key to select rice varieties with high yield and low carbon emission and to establish the supporting scientific cultivation techniques for effective reduction of CH4 emission and carbon footprint of paddy fields and promotion of ratooning rice production.

Field-induced slow magnetic relaxation behaviours in binuclear cobalt(II) metallocycles and exchange-coupled clusters.

Precise control of the structures and magnetic properties of a molecular material constitutes an important challenge to realize tailor-made magnetic function. Herein, we report that the ligand-directed coordination self-assembly of a dianionic cobalt(II) mononuclear complex and selective organic linkers has led to two distinct dicobalt(II) complexes, [Co2(pdms)2(bpym)3]·2MeCN (1) and [Co(pdms)(bipm)]2·3DMF (2) (H2pdms = 1,2-bis(methanesulfonamide)benzene; bpym = 2,2'-bipyrimidine; bimp = 1,4-bis[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]benzene). Structural analyses revealed that complexes 1 and 2 are discrete binuclear molecules containing two neutral {Co(pdms)} species bridged by bpym and bimp ligands, respectively, forming an exchange-coupled CoII2 dimer and a rare CoII2 metallocycle. Magnetic studies found that 1 exhibits considerable antiferromagnetic interactions transferred by the bpym bridge while negligible magnetic interactions in 2 due to the long bimp ligands. Interestingly, both the complexes show significant magnetic anisotropy and thus exhibit slow magnetic relaxation under an external dc field originating from spin-lattice relaxation. Detailed theoretical calculations were further applied to understand the magnetic interactions and magnetic anisotropy in 1 and 2. The foregoing results highlight that coordination solids with programmed structures and magnetic properties can be designed and prepared through a judicious selection of molecular complex building blocks and organic linkers.

Arrb2 causes hepatic lipid metabolism disorder via AMPK pathway based on metabolomics in alcoholic fatty liver.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) is an early form of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) that usually manifests as lipid synthesis abnormalities in hepatocytes. ß-arrestin2 (Arrb2) is involved in multiple biological processes. The present study aimed to explore the role of Arrb2 in the regulation of lipid metabolism in AFL and the underlying mechanism and identify potential targets for the treatment of AFL. METHODS: The expression of Arrb2 was detected in liver tissues obtained from AFL patients and Gao-binge AFL model mice. In addition, we specifically knocked down Arrb2 in AFL mouse liver in vivo and used Arrb2-siRNA or pEX3-Arrb2 to silence or overexpress Arrb2 in AML-12 cells in vitro to explore the functional role and underlying regulatory mechanism of Arrb2 in AFL. Finally, we investigated whether Arrb2 could cause changes in hepatic lipid metabolites, thereby leading to dysregulation of lipid metabolism based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. RESULTS: Arrb2 was up-regulated in the livers of AFL patients and AFL mice. The in vivo and in vitro results confirmed that Arrb2 could induce lipid accumulation and metabolism disorders. Mechanistically, Arrb2 induced hepatic metabolism disorder via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. The results of LC-MS analysis revealed that hepatic lipid metabolites with the most significant differences were primary bile acids. CONCLUSIONS: Arrb2 induces hepatic lipid metabolism disorders via AMPK pathway in AFL. On one hand, Arrb2 increases fatty acid synthesis. On the other hand, Arrb2 could increase the cholesterol synthesis, thereby leading to the up-regulation of primary bile acid levels.

Two three-dimensional [MoIII(CN)7]4--based magnets showing new topologies and ferrimagnetic ordering below 80 K.

The rational design and synthesis of heptacyanomolybdate-based magnets remain a challenge due to the complexity of this system. Here, we reported the crystal structures and magnetic properties of two three-dimensional (3D) frameworks prepared from the self-assembly of the [MoIII(CN)7]4- unit with MnII ions in the presence of different amide ligands, namely Mn2(DMF)(H2O)2[Mo(CN)7]·H2O·CH3OH (1) and Mn2(DEF)(H2O)[Mo(CN)7] (2) (DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide and DEF = N,N'-diethylformamide). Single-crystal structure determinations showed that compound 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group Pi, while 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n. The difference in the structures of 1 and 2 is the coordination mode of the amide molecules: while the DMF molecules in 1 are only terminal ligands, the DEF molecules in 2 act as bridging ligands between two MnII centers. Although their space groups and local coordination environments of the metal centers are of some difference, both compounds have similar extended 3D frameworks where the spin centers are bridged by both the CN- and µ2-O bridges. They both have a three-nodal 4, 4, 7-connecting topological net with the vertex symbol of {43·53}{44·52}{47·54·66·74} for 1, and {43·53}{44·52}{47·54·67·73} for 2, respectively. Magnetic measurements revealed that both 1 and 2 exhibit ferrimagnetic ordering below 80 K together with another anomaly at about 45 K probably owing to spin reorientation. Besides, spin frustration and non-linear alignment of the magnetic moments are also possible due to competitive antiferromagnetic interactions between the spin carriers. These compounds expanded the family of MnII-[MoIII(CN)7]4- magnets with high magnetic ordering temperatures.

Single-ion magnetism in seven-coordinate YbIII complexes with distorted D5h coordination geometry.

Two seven-coordinate compounds with pentagonal bipyramidal YbIII centers, namely, [Yb(H3Bmshp)(DMF)2Cl2]·DMF·1.5H2O (1) and [Yb(H3Bmshp)(DMF)2Cl2]·H4Bmshp (2) (H4Bmshp = (2,6-bis[(3-methoxysalicylidene)hydrazinecarbonyl]-pyridine)) were synthesized by changing the molar ratio of reactants in DMF. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 are very similar, except for the existence of different lattice molecules: one DMF and one and a half water molecules in 1, and one neutral uncoordinated ligand in 2. The coordination geometries of both the pentagonal bipyramidal YbIII centers (YbCl2N1O4) in compounds 1 and 2 are also very similar with only slight differences. Magnetic data analyses revealed that the subtle structure variations result in remarkable different slow magnetic relaxation properties of compounds 1 and 2. To further understand their magnetic behaviors, ab initio calculations were performed for both compounds 1 and 2. The calculated results indicate that the magnetic anisotropies of compounds 1 and 2 are significantly different: easy-plane magnetic anisotropy for 1 and easy-axis magnetic anisotropy for 2. To the best of our knowledge, these compounds are the first YbIII-based SIMs of pentagonal bipyramidal geometry.

Reversible On-Off Switching of a Single-Molecule Magnet via a Crystal-to-Crystal Chemical Transformation.

Dynamic molecular crystals are of high interest due to their potential applications. Herein we report the reversible on-off switching of single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior in a [Mo(CN)7]4- based molecular compound. Upon dehydration and rehydration, the trinuclear Mn2Mo molecule [Mn(L)(H2O)]2[Mo(CN)7]·2H2O (1) undergoes reversible crystal-to-crystal transformation to a hexanuclear Mn4Mo2 compound [Mn(L)(H2O)]2[Mn(L)]2[Mo(CN)7]2 (2). This structural transformation involves the breaking and reforming of coordination bonds which leads to significant changes in the color and magnetic properties. Compound 1 is an SMM with an energy barrier of 44.9 cm-1, whereas 2 behaves as a simple paramagnet despite its higher ground state spin value. The distortion of the pentagonal bipyramidal geometry of [Mo(CN)7]4- in 2 disrupts the anisotropic exchange interactions that lead to SMM behavior in 1.

Slow Magnetic Relaxation in One-Dimensional Azido-Bridged CoII Complexes.

Crystal structures and magnetic properties of three one-dimensional (1D) azido-bridged cobalt(II) chains with different amide ligands (L), [Co2(N3)4(DMF)3] (1), [Co4(N3)8(DEF)5] (2), and [Co2(N3)4(DIPF)2] (3) (DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide, DEF = N,N-diethylformamide, and DIPF = N,N-diisopropylformamide), are reported to investigate the influence of L on their structures and magnetic properties. Single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that, although 1-3 all consist of cobalt chains bridged by end-on (EO) azides, the coordination geometry of the CoII ions and the repeating units of the 1D structures are quite different. As the size of L increases, the ratio of L to CoII decreases from 6:4 in 1 to 5:4 and 4:4 in 2 and 3, respectively. In 1, two [CoN5O1] and two [CoN4O2] distorted octahedra form the {[CoN5O1][CoN4O2]2[CoN5O1]} tetramers (denoted as Co4A), which are linked to each other by sharing the N-N edge to form the chain. Similarly, the chain structure of 3 is constructed from a similar tetramer unit {[CoN5][CoN4O2]2[CoN5]} (denoted as Co4B), where half of the CoII centers are in the [CoN5] trigonal bipyramid because of the larger steric effect of the DIPF ligand, while, for compound 2 of the medium-sized amide, it has the transition structure between those of 1 and 3. The chain is composed of two different repeating units: Co4A unit similar to that in 1 and Co4B unit similar to that in 3. Because of their similar structures, compounds 1-3 exhibit analogical magnetic properties. Direct-current magnetic measurements demonstrated that all compounds show intrachain ferromagnetic coupling through the EO azides and interchain anti-ferromagnetic interactions. Alternating-current data revealed the slow magnetic relaxation in the anti-ferromagnetic ordered phases. While compound 1 exhibits spin glass behavior, compounds 2 and 3 behave as the single-chain magnets. This difference might come from the interference of the anti-ferromagnetic ordering on the magnetic dynamic of the magnetic chain.

Three-Dimensional FeII-[MoIII(CN)7]4- Magnets with Ordering below 65 K and Distinct Topologies Induced by Cation Identity.

Two cyanide-bridged compounds based on the FeII cation and the anisotropic [MoIII(CN)7]4- anion, namely, {Fe2(H2O)5[Mo(CN)7]·5H2O}n (1) and {[NH2(CH3)2]2Fe5(H2O)10[Mo(CN)7]3·8H2O}n (2), have been prepared. Single crystal X-ray analyses revealed that their structures exhibit different three-dimensional topologies as a result of the addition of [NH2(CH3)2]+ during the synthesis of 2. For both 1 and 2, the geometry of the [Mo(CN)7]4- unit is a slightly distorted capped trigonal prism; all FeII centers are hexacoordinate and adopt a distorted octahedral configuration. Compound 1 is a three-nodal 3,4,7-connected net with the point symbol of {4.62}{45.6}{46.612.83}, while compound 2 is a five-nodal 4,4,4,6,7-connected net with the point symbol of {44.62}{45.6}4{46.67.82}{49.611.8}2. Magnetic studies revealed that both compounds exhibit magnetic ordering below 65 K. Apart from the plethora of MnII-[Mo(CN)7]4- compounds documented in the literature, these two FeII-[Mo(CN)7]4- compounds are the only other [Mo(CN)7]4- extended structures to be characterized by single crystal structures to date.

[Determination of microelements in C. tangutica (Maxim.) korsh flower by FAAS].

The powder was digested with HNO3-HClO4 mixed acid (4 : 1) before determination. The eleven microelements in C. tangutica (Maxim.) korsh flower were determined by FAAS, and the determination medium was 4% nitric acid. The work conditions, accuracy and precision of the method were studied. The experimental results show that the interaction of the elements were small under the conditions of determination, and no significant effect on the result. The linear correlations of standard curves are good (r = 0.9871-1.000 0). The recovery (n = 7) is 98.3%-105.1%, and the RSD (n = 7) is 0. 23%-1.07%. It can be used to determine the trace elements simultaneously in C. tangutica (Maxim.) korsh flower. The method has good precision and accuracy, so it is able to meet the requirements for analysis. The contents of Ca, Mg, K, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Na and Co were 206.30, 284.50, 3415.20, 0.116 6, 62.171, 3.275, 67.826 5, 28.00, 0.133 3 mg (100 g)(-1)', respectively, while Cd and Ni were not found in the samples. The results provided theoretical basis for the effect of C. tangutica (Maxim.) korsh herbal medicine.

[Determination of microelements in different parts of Limonium bicolor by FAAS].

Eight microelements in the flower, stem, leaf and root of limonium bicolor were determined by FAAS. Different parts of the powder were digested with HNO3-HClO4 mixed acid (4+1) before the determination. Work conditions, accuracy and precision of the method were studied. The experimental results show that the recovery (n = 7) is 99.3%-105.3%, while RSD (n = 7) is 0.34%-1.04%. The content of each microelement in the different parts of limonium bicolor is not the same. For the flower: Na>K>Mg>Ca>Fe>Zn>Co>Cu, stem: K>Mg>Ca>Na>Fe>Zn>Cu>Co, leaf: K>Mg>Ca>Na>Fe>Zn>Co>Cu, and root: K>Mg>Na>Fe>Ca>Zn>Cu>Co, but the contents of K, Mg, Cu, Na and Fe in all different parts of limonium bicolor are relatively high. The method has good precision and accuracy so that it is able to meet the requirements for analysis.