Strengthen interactions among fungal and protistan taxa by increasing root biomass and soil nutrient in the topsoil than in the soil-rock mixing layer.

Soil depth plays a crucial role in shaping the interactions between soil microbes and nutrient availability. However, there is limited understanding of how bacterial, fungal, and protistan communities respond to different soil depths, particularly in the unique geological context and soil properties of karst regions. Organic matter, total nitrogen, and phosphorus, ammonium, nitrate, and plant root biomass, as well as bacterial and fungal abundances, bacterial and protistan diversity were higher in the 0-20 cm soil layer than those in the 20-40 cm and soil-rock mixing layers. In contrast, soil pH was higher in the 20-40 cm and soil-rock mixing layers than that in the 0-20 cm soil layer. The soil exchange of calcium, nitrate, and root biomass were identified as the primary factors regulating microbial assemblages across the depth transect. Moreover, co-occurrence network analysis revealed a greater degree of connectivity between protistan taxa and fungal taxa in the 0-20 cm soil layer than those in the 20-40 cm and soil-rock mixing layers. In contrast, the number of association links between protist-bacteria and bacteria-bacteria was higher in the soil-rock mixing layers compared to the 0-20 cm soil layer. Actinobacteria, Ascomycota, and unclassified protistan taxa were identified as keystones, displaying the highest number of connections with other microbial taxa. Collectively, these results suggested that the increased plant root biomass, coupled with sufficient available nutrient inputs in the upper 0-20 cm soil layer, facilitates strong interactions among fungal and protistan taxa, which play crucial roles in the topsoil. However, as nutrients become less available with increasing depth, competition among bacterial taxa and the predation between bacterial and protistan taxa intensify. Therefore, these findings indicate the interactions among keystone taxa at different soil depths has the potential to generate ecological implications during vegetation restoration in fragile ecosystems.

Spin-degree manipulation for one-dimensional room-temperature ferromagnetism in a haldane system.

The intricate correlation between lattice geometry, topological behavior and charge degrees of freedom plays a key role in determining the physical and chemical properties of a quantum-magnetic system. Herein, we investigate the introduction of the unusual oxidation state as an alternative pathway to modulate the magnetic ground state in the well-known S = 1 Haldane system nickelate Y2BaNiO5 (YBNO). YBNO is topologically reduced to incorporate d9-Ni+ (S = 1/2) in the one-dimensional Haldane chain system. The random distribution of Ni+ for the first time results in the emergence of a one-dimensional ferromagnetic phase with a transition temperature far above room temperature. Theoretical calculations reveal that the antiferromagnetic interplay can evolve into ferromagnetic interactions with the presence of oxygen vacancies, which promotes the formation of ferromagnetic order within one-dimensional nickel chains. The unusual electronic instabilities in the nickel-based Haldane system may offer new possibilities towards unconventional physical and chemical properties from quantum interactions.

XAF1 overexpression inhibits the malignant progression and cisplatin resistance of NSCLC by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

BACKGROUND: XIAP-associated factor 1 (XAF1) has been found to participate in the progression of multiple human cancers. Nevertheless, its role as well as the reaction mechanism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still remains obscure. METHODS: In this study, the protein expression of XAF1 in NSCLC cell lines was evaluated using western blot. With the employment of CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, wound healing and transwell, capabilities of NSCLC cells to proliferate, migrate and invade were assessed. Cell apoptotic level and cell cycle were resolved utilizing flow cytometry. Western blot was applied for the estimation of apoptosis- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins. RESULTS: It was discovered that XAF1 expression was conspicuously reduced in NSCLC cell lines. XAF1 overexpression suppressed H1299 cell proliferative, invasive and migrative capabilities, but exhibited promotive effects on cell cycle arrest. Meanwhile, XAF1 overexpression inhibited cisplatin resistance in H1299 and H1299/DDP cells by promoting cell apoptosis and enhanced the expression levels of ER stress-related proteins CHOP, GRP78 and ATF4. What's more, 4-PBA treatment reversed the impacts of XAF1 overexpression on the proliferative, invasive, migrative and apoptotic capabilities of H1299 cells, as well as cell cycle and cisplatin resistance. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, XAF1 overexpression impeded the advancement of NSCLC and repressed cisplatin resistance of NSCLC cells through inducing ER stress, which indicated that XAF1 might be a novel targeted-therapy for NSCLC.

Exploring the interrelations and driving factors among typical ecosystem services in the Yangtze river economic Belt, China.

Exploring the spatiotemporal characteristics of ecosystem services (ESs) and their drivers is crucial for managers to develop significant scientific policies that further sustainable development. We used the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) to explore the trends, hotspots, and drivers of water yield (WY), soil conservation (SC), carbon sequestration (CS), and food supply (FS) between 2000 and 2020. Similarly, we analyzed relationships among ESs and drivers of the multiple ecosystem services landscape index (MESLI). We used the self-organizing map method to obtain the types and distribution of the ES bundles, revealing the bundles, trade-offs, and synergies among ESs. The four ESs had an increasing trend, with CS having the highest increase; ES hotspot analysis showed differences among upper, middle, and lower reaches. Constraint lines among ESs and drivers were diverse; the corresponding SC and WY reached thresholds when CS values were 1477.81 and 460.5 t km-2, respectively. When FS values were 67.34 and 86.17 × 104 Yuan·km-2, CS and WY reached their thresholds. All critical drivers of the four ESs were natural factors. The thresholds that the MESLI reached with driver status were 1000 mm (evapotranspiration), 2121 mm (precipitation), 2.42° (slope), 1.46% (soil organic matter), 36.08% (sand), 30.75% (proportion of non-agricultural population), 18.57% (cropland proportion), 1.05 × 104 persons·km-2 (population density), and 84.84% (proportion of non-agricultural industries in total gross domestic product), respectively. FS, water supply, and ecological conservation bundles changed over the 20 years, and trade-offs and synergies among ESs within bundles differed. We revealed the complexity of ESs from multiple perspectives, which will enable the development of ecosystem management and conservation recommendations for the YREB and large-scale economic zones worldwide.

Impacts of landscape pattern evolution on typical ecosystem services in Ganjiang River Basin, China.

Understanding the response mechanism of ecosystem services (ES) to landscape patterns is important in regional landscape planning and sustainable development. In this study, the landscape index and InVEST model were used to quantitatively analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of landscape patterns and ES in the Ganjiang River Basin of China from 1990 to 2020. Furthermore, the bivariate Moran's I method and spatial error model were used to test the spatial correlation between landscape index and ES. The results showed that (1) cropland decreased and construction land increased, and the overall landscape tended to be fragmented, the patch shape complicated, and landscape diversity increased from 1990 to 2020. Water conservation (WC) and soil conservation (SC) capacity increased by 10.56 mm and 16.24 t hm-2 a-1, respectively, whereas carbon storage (CS) decreased by 1.22 t hm-2 a-1. (2) The responses of different typical ES to landscape patterns were different in the landscape index and response degree. Typical ES negatively responded to Shannon's diversity index and patch density. WC was sensitive to the Splitting Index, whereas SC and CS were more responsive to the average patch area. (3) The overall purpose of territorial spatial planning within a basin should be to reduce the fragmentation and heterogeneity of the landscape. According to four local aggregation patterns of landscape index and ES, corresponding measures can be taken according to local conditions in different regions. These results can provide a quantitative basis for landscape management and ecological construction in the Ganjiang River Basin and scientific guidance for the Yangtze River conservation strategy.

Isolation, characterization and genomic analysis of the novel Arthrobacter sp. phage SWEP2.

A new virulent phage, SWEP2, infecting the Arthrobacter sp. 5B strain, was isolated from black soil samples in northeastern China. SWEP2 has a latent period of 80 min and a burst size of 45 PFU (evaluated at an MOI of 0.1). Genomic analysis revealed that the 43,398-bp dsDNA genome of phage SWEP2 contains 64 open reading frames (ORFs) and one tRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a close relationship between SWEP2 and Arthrobacter phage Liebe, with 82.98% identity and a query coverage of 48%. Based on its distinct phenotypic and genetic characteristics, SWEP2 is identified as a novel Arthrobacter phage.

"Turn-on" fluorescent sensor for oleanolic acid based on o-phenyl-bridged bis-tetraphenylimidazole.

Fluorescent sensors had been extensively applied on sensing various biomolecules effectively, but no fluorescent sensor for oleanolic acid was presented up to now. In this work, the first fluorescent sensor for oleanolic acid was designed and synthesized based on o-phenyl-bridged bis-tetraphenylimidazole (PTPI). PTPI was prepared by bridging two tetraphenylimidazole units and o-phenylenediamine via Schiff-base condensation in yield of 86%. PTPI showed high sensing selectivity for oleanolic acid among 26 biomolecules and ions. The blue fluorescence at 482 nm was enhanced by 4.5 times after sensing oleanolic acid in aqueous media. The fluorescence sensing ability of PTPI for oleanolic acid maintained stable in pH = 5-9. The detecting limitation was as low as 0.032 µM. The detecting mechanism was clarified as 1:1 binding stoichiometry by fluorescence Job's plot, mass spectrometry, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The detecting ability of PTPI for oleanolic acid was successfully used for paper test and real samples of grapes and Kuding tea with recoveries in the range of 96.0%-106.0%, indicating the good application potential for on-site detecting oleanolic acid in real samples of fruits and food.

[Empirical analysis on lumbar disc herniation treated with "sinew-bone three needling technique" of Chinese medicine].

The paper presents professor WU Han-qing's experience in treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with "sinew-bone three needling technique" of Chinese medicine. Based on the theory of meridian sinew, the points are located by "three-pass method" in terms of the distribution of meridian sinew and syndrome/pattern differentiation. The cord-like muscles and adhesion are relieved by relaxing technique to work directly on the affected sites and alleviate the local compression to the nerve root. The needle technique is operated flexibly according to the affected regions involved, due to which, the needling sensation is increased while the safety ensured. As a result, the meridian qi is enhanced, the mind and qi circulation is regulated; and the clinical effect is improved.

First worldwide report of Exserohilum rostratum causing leaf spot on strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.).

During April 2022, leaf spot was observed on strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) with a disease incidence of approximately 45% among 100 plants. Strawberry was cultivated in a nursery at Huzhou University (30.87゜N, 120.13゜E), Zhejiang Province, China. In the strawberry greenhouse, the average temperature was 15-18 degrees, 40%-60% humidity. Early symptoms appeared as dark brown or black spotted necrotic lesions, which expanded from 2 to 6 mm in diameter. Dark brown spots with yellow halos occupied half of the leaf area and eventually developed leaf blight with large yellow halos. To isolate the causal agent, 0.5 cm x 0.5 cm fragments were cut from three symptomatic leaves, and were surface sterilized with 75% ethanol for 30 s and then rinsed three times with sterilized water. The airdried leaf fragments were placed on PDA with 50 µg/ml ampicillin and incubated in the dark at 25℃ for two days. Isolates were obtained by transferring hyphal plugs of 1 mm in diameter onto PDA. The colony morphology was circular and dark brown on the upperside and black on the underside, with cottony mycelium and an large amount of gray aerial mycelium. Conidia were large, light olive-brown to dark olive-brown and light olive-black and septate. The typical conidia were oval or rod-shaped, rarely curved, and dark septa defined the basal and apical cells. In the two typical forms of conidia, the average size of oval conidia was approximately 18.77 × 54.92 µm (11.99 to 26.97 × 35.13 to 74.59 µm, n = 20), and the average size of the rod-shaped conidia was approximately 14.80 × 103.24 µm (11.24 to 24.64 × 73.11 to 131.51 µm, n = 20). The morphological characteristics matched well with previous descriptions of Exserohilum rostratum (Sharma et al. 2014; Liu et al. 2021). The identity of C1-L and C1-S from symptomatic tissues was confirmed by means of multi-locus gene sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted from the mycelium using the CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) method (Griffith & Shaw 1998). Molecular identification was conducted by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA region, partial glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene, partial actin (ACT) gene, and partial beta-tubulin 2 (TUB2), using the primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), GDF/GDR (Templeton et al. 1992), ACT512F/ACT783R (Carbone and Kohn 1999), T1 (O'Donnell and Cigelnik 1997) and Bt2b (Glass and Donaldson, 1995). The obtained sequences of C1-L and C1-S were the same. Moreover, the sequences have been deposited in GenBank under accession numbers ON982516 (ITS), ON996915 (GAPDH), ON996916 (ACT), and ON996917 (TUB2). The results of Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis revealed that the ITS, GAPDH, and ACT had 100% identity with the sequences of E. rostratum (GenBank Accession No. LT837834, LT883550, and LT837672, respectively), the TUB2 had 99.61% similarity with BLAST sequences of E. rostratum (LT899391). These morphological characteristics and molecular analyses allowed the identification of the pathogen as E. rostratum. Koch's postulates were performed with five healthy detached strawberry leaves with three inoculations per leaf of the 'Akihime' strawberry variety. Surface-sterilized leaves were wounded with an aseptic needle, and inoculated with 2 mm diameter mycelial plugs from 5-day-old cultures of E. rostratum. Control leaves were also wounded with the aseptic needle, and inoculated with a sterile PDA agar plug. The leaves were incubated at 25℃ in Petri plates with petioles wrapped in moist sterile cotton. The diseased symptoms included black spots on the epidermis of the wounded leaves within 5, 10, and 20 days after inoculation. Mock-inoculated controls remained asymptomatic, and three biological repetitions were conducted. The fungus reisolated from the diseased leaves was confirmed as E. rostratum by sequencing. Abundant reports have shown that E. rostratum can infect many economically important crops such as maize, rice, and pineapple (Sun et al. 2021; Kabore et al. 2022; Luo et al. 2012). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of E. rostratum on strawberry in China and worldwide.

Emergent, Non-Aging, Extendable, and Rechargeable Exchange Bias in 2D Fe3 GeTe2 Homostructures Induced by Moderate Pressuring.

As a crucial concept in magnetism and spintronics, exchange bias (ExB) measures the asymmetry in the hysteresis loop of a pinned ferromagnet (FM)/antiferromagnet (AFM) interface. Previous studies are mainly focused on FM/AFM heterostructures composed of conventional bulk materials, whose complex interfaces prohibit precise control and full understanding of the phenomenon. Here, the enabling power of 2D magnets is exploited to demonstrate the emergence, non-aging, extendability, and rechargeability of ExB in van der Waals Fe3 GeTe2 homostructures, upon moderate pressuring. The emergence of the ExB is attributed to a local stress-induced FM-to-AFM transition, as validated using first-principles calculations, and confirmed in magneto-optical Kerr effect and second harmonic generation measurements. It is also observed that, negligible ExB aging before the training effect suddenly takes place through avalanching, pronounced delay of the avalanche via timed pressure repetition (extendability), ExB recovery in the post-training sample upon refreshed pressuring (rechargeability), and demonstrate its versatile tunability. These striking findings offer unprecedented insights into the underlying principles of ExB and its training, with immense technological applications in sight.

[WU Han-qing's theory and clinical application of "three regions, nine needles and twelve methods"].

The paper introduces the theory and the clinical application of "three regions, nine needles and twelve methods" summarized by professor WU Han-qing. On the basis of traditional nine needles and in association with taiji longguan needling technique handed down from family generations, WU Han-qing innovated "three regions, nine needles and twelve methods". According to the treating location and anatomical structure, the needling techniques are classified in terms of three regions, i.e. the needling technique of cutaneous region, that of sinew region and that of periosteum region. Nine kinds of needle devices are developed, including two categories, i.e. miniature sinew-bone needle and grand sinew-bone needle. Based on the three-region needling techniques, 12 acupuncture methods are summarized for different areas and layers of diseases. This acupuncture technique is applicable for the treatment of chronic pain such as injury of sinews, pain in the neck, shoulder, lumbar region and leg and sequela of apoplexy.

Mussel-Inspired Durable TiO2/PDA-Based Superhydrophobic Paper with Excellent Self-Cleaning, High Chemical Stability, and Efficient Oil/Water Separation Properties.

Oceanic oil spill and the discharge of industrial oily wastewaters can cause significant threats to the ecological environment and human health. Herein, we design a durable TiO2/PDA-based superhydrophobic paper for efficient oil/water separation. Bioinspired from mussel adhesive proteins, the mechanical durability of the as-prepared superhydrophobic paper is enhanced by the deposition of polydopamine (PDA) onto cellulosic fibers via self-polymerization of dopamine. The TiO2/PDA-based superhydrophobic paper shows a high water contact angle of 168.2° and an oil contact angle of ∼0°, exhibiting excellent superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. Furthermore, the as-prepared superhydrophobic paper possesses excellent chemical stability, thermal stability, and mechanical durability in terms of being immersed in corrosive solutions and solvents and boiling water and being subjected to the sandpaper abrasion test, respectively. More importantly, the separation efficiency of the TiO2/PDA-based superhydrophobic paper for an oil/water mixture is 97.2%, and it maintains a separation efficiency above 94.3% even after 15 cyclic separation processes. Furthermore, the separation efficiency for water-in-oil emulsions is higher than 93.7% after 15 cyclic separation tests, showing its excellent recyclable stability for water-in-oil emulsions. Therefore, the rationally designed TiO2/PDA-based superhydrophobic paper shows great potential in the practical applications of self-cleaning, antifouling, and oil/water separation.

Facile Preparation of Robust Superhydrophobic/Superoleophilic TiO2-Decorated Polyvinyl Alcohol Sponge for Efficient Oil/Water Separation.

Oily wastewater and oil spills pose a threat to the environment and human health, and porous sponge materials are highly desired for oil/water separation. Herein, we design a new superhydrophobic/superoleophilic TiO2-decorated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponge material for efficient oil/water separation. The TiO2-PVA sponge is obtained by firmly anchoring TiO2 nanoparticles onto the skeleton surface of pristine PVA sponge via the cross-linking reactions between TiO2 nanoparticles and H3BO3 and KH550, followed by the chemical modification of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane. The as-prepared TiO2-PVA sponge shows a high water contact angle of 157° (a sliding angle of 5.5°) and an oil contact angle of ∼0°, showing excellent superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. The TiO2-PVA sponge exhibits excellent chemical stability, thermal stability, and mechanical durability in terms of immersing it in the corrosive solutions and solvents, boiling it in water, and the sandpaper abrasion test. Moreover, the as-prepared TiO2-PVA sponge possesses excellent absorption capacity of oils or organic solvents ranging from 4.3 to 13.6 times its own weight. More importantly, the as-prepared TiO2-PVA sponge can separate carbon tetrachloride from the oil-water mixture with a separation efficiency of 97.8% with the aid of gravity and maintains a separation efficiency of 96.5% even after 15 cyclic oil/water separation processes. Therefore, the rationally designed superhydrophobic/superoleophilic TiO2-PVA sponge shows great potential in practical applications of dealing with oily wastewater and oil spills.

circular RNAs 0000515 and 0011385 as potential biomarkers for disease monitoring and determining prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is extremely fatal and potential biomarkers for precision medicine of patients with PDAC are yet to be elucidated. Moreover, the clinical values of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in PDAC management are yet to be investigated. The aim of the present study was to perform a secondary analysis of two PDAC public datasets (GSE69362 and GSE79634), to identify the candidate circRNAs, to validate the expression of these circRNAs, and to determine their association with the clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients with PDAC. A total of 60 patients with PDAC were retrospectively reviewed in the present study. The expression levels of these candidate circRNAs were detected in PDAC tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. In addition, the clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS) of patients with PDAC were recorded. Bioinformatics analysis identified 22 overlapping differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs between the GSE69362 and GSE79634 datasets, among which nine DEcircRNAs with accordant expression trends (the DEcircRNAs that were upregulated or downregulated in tumor tissues compared with paired adjacent normal tissues in both datasets) were selected as candidate circRNAs, including circ_0000515, circ_0000517, circ_0000520, circ_0000514, circ_0011385, circ_0055033, circ_0072088, circ_0003528 and circ_0008514. In the 60 patients with PDAC, the expression levels of circ_0000515, circ_0000517, circ_0000520, circ_0000514, circ_0011385, circ_0055033, circ_0072088 and circ_0003528 were notably upregulated in PDAC tissues compared with paired adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, circ_0000515, circ_0000520, circ_0000514, circ_0011385 and circ_0072088 were positively associated with T stage, N stage and/or TNM stage in patients with PDAC. Notably, circ_0000515 and circ_0011385 were negatively associated with OS in patients with PDAC. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that circ_0000515 and circ_0011385 may serve as prognostic biomarkers for patients with PDAC.

Recent Advances in MXene/Polyaniline-Based Composites for Electrochemical Devices and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Applications.

Due to serious global warming and environmental issues, the demand for clean and sustainable energy storage devices is significantly increased. Often accompanied by rapid growth of portable electronic vehicles and devices, massive electromagnetic wave pollution becomes unavoidable. To mitigate the above two issues, this mini-review summaries preparation methods and recent developments of MXene/polyaniline-based composites for their applications in electrochemical devices and electromagnetic interference shielding. Based on excellent synergistic effects between single compounds and designed hierarchical structures, MXene/polyaniline-based composites usually exhibit enhanced physical and chemical properties, showing great potentials in sustainable electrochemical properties and electromagnetic wave protections for human health as well as normal operation of precise electronic devices.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the new Bacillus cereus phage SWEP1.

A new Bacillus cereus phage, SWEP1, was isolated from black soil. The host lysis activity of phage SWEP1 has a relatively short latent time (20 min) and a small burst size of 83 PFU. The genome of SWEP1 consists of 162,461 bp with 37.77% G+C content. The phage encodes 278 predicted proteins, 103 of which were assigned functionally. No tRNA genes were found. Comparative genomics analysis indicated that SWEP1 is related to Bacillus phage B4 (86.91% identity, 90% query coverage). Phenotypic and genotypic characterization suggested that SWEP1 is a new member of a new species in the genus Bequatrovirus, family Herelleviridae.

Amplitude Mode in Quantum Magnets via Dimensional Crossover.

We investigate the amplitude (Higgs) mode associated with longitudinal fluctuations of the order parameter at the continuous spontaneous symmetry breaking phase transition. In quantum magnets, due to the fast decay of the amplitude mode into low-energy Goldstone excitations, direct observation of this mode represents a challenging task. By focusing on a quasi-one-dimensional geometry, we circumvent the difficulty and investigate the amplitude mode in a system of weakly coupled spin chains with the help of quantum Monte Carlo simulations, stochastic analytic continuation, and a chain-mean field approach combined with a mapping to the field-theoretic sine-Gordon model. The amplitude mode is observed to emerge in the longitudinal spin susceptibility in the presence of a weak symmetry-breaking staggered field. A conventional measure of the amplitude mode in higher dimensions, the singlet bond mode, is found to appear at a lower than the amplitude mode frequency. We identify these two excitations with the second (first) breather of the sine-Gordon theory, correspondingly. In contrast to higher-dimensional systems, the amplitude and bond order fluctuations are found to carry significant spectral weight in the quasi-1D limit.

Identification of magnetic interactions and high-field quantum spin liquid in α-RuCl3.

The frustrated magnet α-RuCl3 constitutes a fascinating quantum material platform that harbors the intriguing Kitaev physics. However, a consensus on its intricate spin interactions and field-induced quantum phases has not been reached yet. Here we exploit multiple state-of-the-art many-body methods and determine the microscopic spin model that quantitatively explains major observations in α-RuCl3, including the zigzag order, double-peak specific heat, magnetic anisotropy, and the characteristic M-star dynamical spin structure, etc. According to our model simulations, the in-plane field drives the system into the polarized phase at about 7 T and a thermal fractionalization occurs at finite temperature, reconciling observations in different experiments. Under out-of-plane fields, the zigzag order is suppressed at 35 T, above which, and below a polarization field of 100 T level, there emerges a field-induced quantum spin liquid. The fractional entropy and algebraic low-temperature specific heat unveil the nature of a gapless spin liquid, which can be explored in high-field measurements on α-RuCl3.

[Experience in treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy by relaxing the sinew of hand three yang meridians with the tendon-bone needling therapy of Chinese medicine].

The clinical experience of professor WU Han-qing in treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) with the tendon-bone needling therapy of Chinese medicine is introduced. Professor WU believes that the pathogenesis of CSR is the damage on the neck and the sinew of hand three yang meridians, the formation of clustered nodules, obstruction in meridians and the stagnation of qi and blood. In treatment, the tendon-bone needling therapy is mainly adopted to relaxing clustered nodules and the sinew of hand three yang meridians and promoting qi and blood circulation. Regarding the acupoint selection, the "three-yangguan localization method" is used. The three hand-yangguan points and the three wrist-yangguan points are selected. The knotted points corresponding to the affected transverse processes of cervical vertebra are selected as well. Meanwhile, the adjuvant treatment points are selected on the base of the principle as "selecting the points along the affected meridian sinew". During treatment, according to needling sites and layers, the different needling techniques are optioned flexibly. Besides, the attentive experience in needling sensation in physician and the interaction between physician and patient are emphasized so as to improve the safety of treatment.

A graphene oxide-molybdenum disulfide composite used as stationary phase for determination of sulfonamides in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography.

A graphene oxide-molybdenum disulfide (GO-MoS2) composite was synthesized and utilized as the highly efficient stationary phase of open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC). The characterization results indicated that GO-MoS2 composite was successfully synthesized. The GO-MoS2-coated capillary column was prepared by covalent immobilization method for the determination of seven sulfonamides. The baseline separation of seven sulfonamides was achieved by GO-MoS2-coated capillary column. The linear range was 0.05-100 µg/mL for sulfisomidine, sulfathiazole, sulfamerazine, phthalylsulfathiazole and sulfacetamide, 0.1-100 µg/mL for sulfamonomethoxine and sulfachloropyridazine with a satisfactory correlation coefficients (R2) > 0.9994. This developed OT-CEC method was successfully applied to determinate of seven sulfonamides in environmental water and milk samples with good recoveries of 85.77% - 109.10% and 80.03% - 109.97%, respectively. These results indicated that GO-MoS2-coated capillary column possessed good stability and repeatability.