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1.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol ; 36(3): 119-121, 2023 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37466470

ABSTRACT

The etiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) and its precise genetic basics remain unknown. Genetic variants affecting immunity have been found in some patients. The occurrence of KD in siblings is rare, but KD pedigrees with multiple affected members have been described in Japan and North America. Cases in twins have been documented. We report 2 pairs of trizygotic triplets who developed KD associated with SARS-CoV2 infection from 2 different families. Our cases show that KD is multifactorial in origin, and both infectious etiology (particularly SARS-CoV2 as in our cases) and genetic factors are relevant in the disease.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Communicable Diseases , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome , Humans , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/complications , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/diagnosis , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/genetics , COVID-19/complications , RNA, Viral , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , Communicable Diseases/complications
2.
AIDS ; 36(15): 2121-2128, 2022 12 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36382434

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Around 20% of all inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are autosomal dominant or monoallelic, either by haploinsufficiency, negative dominance, or gain of function (GOF). GOF phenotypes usually include autoinflammation, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, allergies, and some infections. CASE SERIES: We describe the cases of two unrelated patients born of HIV-seroconcordant parents. Both patients are HIV-negative but carry de novo GOF missense variants that resulted in inflammatory lymphoproliferative IEI diseases: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-GOF and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, catalytic delta (PIK3CD)-GOF. Both variants were found through whole-exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger.An 11-year-old male with recurrent sinopulmonary infections, dysmorphism, growth delay, bronchiectasis, and mild mental retardation, as well as lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and high immunoglobulin M. Both his parents were known to be HIV-positive under anti-retroviral treatment. HIV infection was repeatedly ruled out in the patient, whom through whole-exome sequencing was found to have a heterozygous missense variant in exon 24 of PIK3CD, a hotspot transition, and the most reported variant in PIK3CD-GOF patients.A 6-year-old male with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, lymphoproliferation, short stature, and intractable diarrhea. Both his parents were found to be HIV-positive. HIV was repeatedly ruled out in the patient by ELISA and viral load. He was found to have a heterozygous missense/splice variant in exon 22 of STAT3, a hotspot transition, and the most reported variant in STAT3-GOF patients. DISCUSSION: The AID/APOBEC3 A-H family of proteins are cytidine deaminases that induce G>A hypermutation in both the invading viral DNA and the host genome, which results in stop codons inside the endogenized retroviral sequence. Both variants found in our patients are G to A transitions. Retroviral infection might thus have resulted in host genome instability, and our patients' rare congenital diseases are the unfortunate consequence of somatic hypermutation in one of their parents' gametes.


Subject(s)
HIV Infections , Male , Humans , HIV Infections/genetics , Mutation , Mutation, Missense , Phenotype
3.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 79(Supl 1): 1-31, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35943405

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most prevalent acute conditions in the pediatric population worldwide. This work aimed to elaborate a Clinical Practice Guideline with clinical recommendations systematically developed to assist decision-making of specialists, patients, caregivers, and public policymakers involved in managing patients with AOM in children. METHODS: This document was developed by the College of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology and Head, and Neck Surgery of Mexico (COPEME) in compliance with international standards. The SIGN quality of evidence classification was used. On behalf of the COPEME, the Guideline Development Group (GDG) was integrated, including otolaryngologists, infectologists, pediatricians, general practitioners, and methodologists with experience in systematic literature reviews and the development of clinical practice guidelines. RESULTS: A consensus was reached on 18 clinical questions, covering what was previously established by the GDG in the scope document of the guidelines. Scientific evidence answering each of these clinical questions was identified and critically evaluated. The GDG agreed on the final wording of the clinical recommendations using the modified Delphi panel technique. Specialists and patient representatives conducted an external validation. CONCLUSIONS: This Clinical Practice Guideline presents clinical recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of AOM to assist shared decision-making among physicians, patients, and caregivers and improve the quality of clinical care.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La otitis media aguda (OMA) es uno de los padecimientos agudos más prevalentes en la población pediátrica a escala global. El objetivo de este trabajo fue elaborar una guía de práctica clínica con recomendaciones para asistir la toma de decisiones de médicos especialistas, pacientes, cuidadores de pacientes y elaboradores de políticas públicas involucrados en el manejo de la OMA en niños. MÉTODOS: El documento ha sido desarrollado por parte del Colegio de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello Pediátricas de México (COPEME) en cumplimiento con los estándares internacionales. Se empleó la clasificación de calidad de la evidencia de SIGN. En representación del COPEME, se integró el Grupo de Desarrollo de la Guía (GDG), que incluyó otorrinolaringólogos, infectólogos, pediatras, médicos generales y metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y el desarrollo de guías de práctica clínica. RESULTADOS: Se consensuaron 18 preguntas clínicas que abarcaron lo establecido previamente por el GDG en el documento de alcances de la Guía. Se identificó la evidencia científica que responde a cada una de estas preguntas clínicas y se evaluó críticamente. El GDG acordó la redacción final de las recomendaciones clínicas mediante la técnica Delphi de panel. Se llevó a cabo una validación externa por colegas especialistas y representantes de pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: En esta Guía de Práctica Clínica se presentan recomendaciones clínicas para la prevención, el diagnóstico y el manejo de la OMA, con el fin de asistir la toma de decisiones compartidas entre médicos, pacientes y cuidadores con la intención de contribuir a mejorar la calidad de la atención clínica.


Subject(s)
Otitis Media , Acute Disease , Child , Humans , Mexico , Otitis Media/diagnosis
4.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 79(3): 152-160, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35882025

ABSTRACT

Pertussis is a highly contagious disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, which may be preventable by vaccination. There are two types of vaccines: whole-cell vaccines and acellular vaccines. Since pertussis control worldwide is heterogeneous, re-emergence of whooping cough has been observed in some countries. This re-emergence has been related to several factors: increased susceptibility to infection, better detection of disease, problems in obtaining adequate vaccination coverage, increase in susceptible subjects (mainly under 6 months of age), loss of immunity in adolescents and young adults, and likely genetic and adaptive B. pertussis changes. This paper discusses whole-cell and acellular vaccines' characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. International recommendations are presented, and the participants' position is offered regarding the influence of the use of acellular vaccines and the potential disadvantages of reintroducing whole-cell vaccines, mainly due to their reactogenicity. Finally, strategies to achieve better control of pertussis in Mexico are discussed.


La tos ferina es una enfermedad causada por Bordetella pertussis. Aunque es altamente contagiosa, puede ser prevenible por vacunación. Existen dos tipos de vacunas: las de células enteras y las acelulares. La tos ferina ha resurgido en algunos países debido a que su control a escala mundial es heterogéneo. Esta reemergencia se ha relacionado con diversos factores: mayor sensibilidad hacia la infección, mejor detección de la enfermedad, problemas para obtener adecuadas coberturas de vacunación, incremento en los sujetos susceptibles (especialmente menores de 6 meses), pérdida de la inmunidad en los adolescentes y adultos jóvenes, y probables cambios genéticos y adaptativos de B. pertussis. En este documento se analizan las características, las ventajas y las desventajas de las vacunas de células enteras y de las vacunas acelulares. Se presentan las recomendaciones internacionales y se ofrece el posicionamiento de los participantes con respecto a la influencia del uso de vacunas acelulares y las desventajas potenciales de volver a utilizar vacunas de células enteras, en especial por su reactogenicidad. Por último, se analizan las estrategias para lograr un mejor control de la tos ferina en México.


Subject(s)
Whooping Cough , Adolescent , Bordetella pertussis , Humans , Mexico/epidemiology , Pertussis Vaccine , Vaccines, Acellular , Whooping Cough/epidemiology , Whooping Cough/prevention & control
5.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 79(3): 152-160, may.-jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394019

ABSTRACT

Resumen La tos ferina es una enfermedad causada por Bordetella pertussis. Aunque es altamente contagiosa, puede ser prevenible por vacunación. Existen dos tipos de vacunas: las de células enteras y las acelulares. La tos ferina ha resurgido en algunos países debido a que su control a escala mundial es heterogéneo. Esta reemergencia se ha relacionado con diversos factores: mayor sensibilidad hacia la infección, mejor detección de la enfermedad, problemas para obtener adecuadas coberturas de vacunación, incremento en los sujetos susceptibles (especialmente menores de 6 meses), pérdida de la inmunidad en los adolescentes y adultos jóvenes, y probables cambios genéticos y adaptativos de B. pertussis. En este documento se analizan las características, las ventajas y las desventajas de las vacunas de células enteras y de las vacunas acelulares. Se presentan las recomendaciones internacionales y se ofrece el posicionamiento de los participantes con respecto a la influencia del uso de vacunas acelulares y las desventajas potenciales de volver a utilizar vacunas de células enteras, en especial por su reactogenicidad. Por último, se analizan las estrategias para lograr un mejor control de la tos ferina en México.


Abstract Pertussis is a highly contagious disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, which may be preventable by vaccination. There are two types of vaccines: whole-cell vaccines and acellular vaccines. Since pertussis control worldwide is heterogeneous, re-emergence of whooping cough has been observed in some countries. This re-emergence has been related to several factors: increased susceptibility to infection, better detection of disease, problems in obtaining adequate vaccination coverage, increase in susceptible subjects (mainly under 6 months of age), loss of immunity in adolescents and young adults, and likely genetic and adaptive B. pertussis changes. This paper discusses whole-cell and acellular vaccines' characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. International recommendations are presented, and the participants' position is offered regarding the influence of the use of acellular vaccines and the potential disadvantages of reintroducing whole-cell vaccines, mainly due to their reactogenicity. Finally, strategies to achieve better control of pertussis in Mexico are discussed.

6.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 79(supl.1): 1-31, jul. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1429933

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La otitis media aguda (OMA) es uno de los padecimientos agudos más prevalentes en la población pediátrica a escala global. El objetivo de este trabajo fue elaborar una guía de práctica clínica con recomendaciones para asistir la toma de decisiones de médicos especialistas, pacientes, cuidadores de pacientes y elaboradores de políticas públicas involucrados en el manejo de la OMA en niños. Métodos: El documento ha sido desarrollado por parte del Colegio de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello Pediátricas de México (COPEME) en cumplimiento con los estándares internacionales. Se empleó la clasificación de calidad de la evidencia de SIGN. En representación del COPEME, se integró el Grupo de Desarrollo de la Guía (GDG), que incluyó otorrinolaringólogos, infectólogos, pediatras, médicos generales y metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y el desarrollo de guías de práctica clínica. Resultados: Se consensuaron 18 preguntas clínicas que abarcaron lo establecido previamente por el GDG en el documento de alcances de la Guía. Se identificó la evidencia científica que responde a cada una de estas preguntas clínicas y se evaluó críticamente. El GDG acordó la redacción final de las recomendaciones clínicas mediante la técnica Delphi de panel. Se llevó a cabo una validación externa por colegas especialistas y representantes de pacientes. Conclusiones: En esta Guía de Práctica Clínica se presentan recomendaciones clínicas para la prevención, el diagnóstico y el manejo de la OMA, con el fin de asistir la toma de decisiones compartidas entre médicos, pacientes y cuidadores con la intención de contribuir a mejorar la calidad de la atención clínica.


Abstract Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most prevalent acute conditions in the pediatric population worldwide. This work aimed to elaborate a Clinical Practice Guideline with clinical recommendations systematically developed to assist decision-making of specialists, patients, caregivers, and public policymakers involved in managing patients with AOM in children. Methods: This document was developed by the College of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology and Head, and Neck Surgery of Mexico (COPEME) in compliance with international standards. The SIGN quality of evidence classification was used. On behalf of the COPEME, the Guideline Development Group (GDG) was integrated, including otolaryngologists, infectologists, pediatricians, general practitioners, and methodologists with experience in systematic literature reviews and the development of clinical practice guidelines. Results: A consensus was reached on 18 clinical questions, covering what was previously established by the GDG in the scope document of the guidelines. Scientific evidence answering each of these clinical questions was identified and critically evaluated. The GDG agreed on the final wording of the clinical recommendations using the modified Delphi panel technique. Specialists and patient representatives conducted an external validation. Conclusions: This Clinical Practice Guideline presents clinical recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of AOM to assist shared decision-making among physicians, patients, and caregivers and improve the quality of clinical care.

7.
BMC Pulm Med ; 21(1): 265, 2021 Aug 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34399724

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The objective of the present study is to describe the clinical, diagnostic, radiological and therapeutic aspects of osteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) in patients in a tertiary pediatric hospital, to know if the diagnosis of OATB in pediatrics is a challenge due to its insidious clinical presentation. METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive study of the cases of Tuberculosis (TB) in children was carried out. A total of 159 cases met the condition for the analysis. RESULTS: The most frequent TB modality was extrapulmonary in 85%. Out of this, only 29% was OATB. The mean age was 4.9 years (range 8 months-16 years). Eighty-six per cent of cases received Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination at birth. Median time of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 8 months. Microbiological confirmation was achieved only in five cases, with a high sensitivity to the antimicrobial treatment. Mycobacterium bovis BCG strain Tokio 172 was confirmed in three cases. Mortality rate was 0% during the time of study CONCLUSION: Our study describes the epidemiological characteristics of OATB cases in Mexican children. This data revealed a high prevalence of bone and joint TB infection. Pediatric OATB should be considered in cases with lytic bone lesions, fever and local pain. In countries with BCG immunization program, M. bovis should not be forgotten as an etiological agent. The low detection rate with one technique approach highlights the urgent need for more sensitive test to diagnose OATB in children.


Subject(s)
Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/therapy , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Referral and Consultation , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers , Time Factors
8.
J Trop Pediatr ; 67(3)2021 07 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34213541

ABSTRACT

COVID-19 affects the paediatric population less frequently than adults. A retrospective study was performed in a tertiary paediatric hospital in Mexico City in children <18 years of age who were hospitalized with a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2. Included in the study were 86 patients with a median age of 10 years old (IQR 2.6-14.3 years), who were classified in three groups: previously healthy, with chronic disease and immunosuppressed patients. The principal signs and symptoms were fever (81%), cough (51%) and headache (35%). A total of 20 patients (23%) required management in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and 17% needed mechanical ventilation for an average of 12.7 days (IQR 2-29 days). There was no statistically significant difference between the three clinical classification groups in those patients admitted to the PICU, most of which were previously healthy patients. The mortality rate was 5% (four patients). Given that the paediatric population is susceptible to infection, potential transmitters and to clinical presentations with variable degrees of severity, it is important to continue reinforcing social distancing measures.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Mexico/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2 , Tertiary Care Centers
9.
Urol Case Rep ; 7: 14-6, 2016 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27335781

ABSTRACT

Condyloma acuminata is caused by the proliferation of squamous epithelial cells in the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. There are several treatment options available for anogenital warts, however, none have proven to be more efficacious. We present the case of a 3 year-8 months-old male, diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, who presented with multiple warts in the anogenital region. Lesions were treated with imiquimod 5%, electrosurgical resection and interferon α-2b. Combination of electrofulguration and interferon α-2b is an effective treatment option for children with giant condyloma accuminatum although recurrence is expected within a short follow-up period.

10.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 61 Suppl 1: S3-S116, 2014.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24941973

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of allergic rhinitis is high. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase III reports a total estimated prevalence of 4.6% in Mexico. There is evidence based on allergic rhinitis Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG), but its promotion, acceptance and application is not optimal or adequate in Mexico. OBJECTIVE: To generate a guideline for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma by adaptating the 2010 ARIA Guideline to Mexican reality, through a transculturation process applying the ADAPTE methodology. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Using the ADAPTE Methodology, the original 2010 ARIA CPG recommendations were evaluated by the guideline development group (GDG) into which multiple medical specialities managing patients with allergic rhinitis were incoorporated. The GDG valorated the quality of 2010 ARIA, checked and translated key clinical questions. Moreover, the GDG adjusted recommendations, patient preferences and included comments in the context of the Mexican reality (safety, costs and cultural issues). To accomplish this, we ran Delphi panels with as many rounds as necessary to reach agreement. One extra question, not included in the original 2010 ARIA, on the use of Nasal Lavages for AR was created sustained by a systematic literature review. RESULTS: A total of 45 questions from the original 2010 ARIA were included and divided into six groups covering prevention, medical treatment, immunotherapy and alternative medicine to treat patients with allergic rhinitis with or without asthma. Most of the questions reached agreement in one or two rounds; one question required three rounds. CONCLUSIONS: An easy-to-use, adaptated, up-to-date and applicable allergic rhinitis guideline for Mexico is now available.


ANTECEDENTES: la prevalencia de rinitis alérgica en todo el mundo es alta. El Estudio Internacional de Asma y Alergias en la Niñez (ISAAC de International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) Fase III reporta una prevalencia estimada total en México de 4.6%. Existen guías de práctica clínica basadas en evidencia de rinitis alérgica, pero su promoción, aceptación y validez no son óptimas ni adecuadas para México. OBJETIVO: generar una guía de tratamiento de la rinitis alérgica y su repercusión en el asma adaptando la guía ARIA 2010 a la realidad mexicana mediante un proceso de transculturización, por medio de la metodología ADAPTE. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: a través de la metodología ADAPTE un grupo de desarrollo de la guía, integrado por múltiples especialistas que tratan pacientes con rinitis alérgica, valoró la calidad de la guía ARIA 2010, revisó y tradujo las preguntas clínicas clave y ajustó las recomendaciones, preferencias del paciente y comentarios a la realidad mexicana (seguridad, costos y aspectos culturales). Para lograrlo se corrieron páneles Delphi, con tantas rondas como fuera necesario hasta lograr un acuerdo. Por medio de una revisión sistemática de la bibliografía se creó una pregunta especial no incluida en ARIA 2010 de la utilidad de realizar lavados nasales en pacientes con rinitis alérgica. RESULTADOS: se incluyeron 45 preguntas de la guía original ARIA 2010, divididas en seis bloques que abarcan prevención, tratamiento médico, inmunoterapia y terapias alternativas de pacientes con rinitis alérgica con o sin asma. La mayor parte de las preguntas alcanzaron acuerdo en una a dos rondas, sólo una requirió tres para ello. CONCLUSIONES: se cuenta ahora con una guía de rinitis alérgica de usosencillo, adaptada, actualizada y válida para México.

11.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 66(4): 306-313, jul.-ago. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-701116

ABSTRACT

La adherencia o el apego se definen como la medida en la cual el paciente sigue la modalidad de tratamiento acordada o la intervención prescrita. La adherencia o el apego son la piedra angular para el éxito terapéutico, con la consecuente disminución de la carga viral y elevación de los CD4, la mejora importante en la calidad de vida, así como un futuro adecuado en el manejo de otros esquemas terapéuticos y la disminución de la resistencia a los antirretrovirales en pacientes infectados con virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. Estudios prospectivos en adultos y niños han demostrado que el riesgo de la falla virológica aumenta en proporción a la pérdida de dosis administradas, así como a la producción de resistencias. Las evidencias indican que en los niños y adolescentes, los problemas de adherencia ocurren frecuentemente; múltiples estudios han reportado que esto se presenta desde un muy bajo porcentaje hasta 50% en los niños. Una variedad de factores, como la formulación médica (presentación farmacéutica), la frecuencia de dosis, la edad del niño y las características piscosociales de los padres y de los niños, han sido asociados a la adherencia, lo cual está cambiando, particularmente cuando los adolescentes no quieren ser diferentes a otros. En la práctica clínica, el uso de sistemas de recordatorio, como buscapersonas y dispositivos de despertadores, son aceptados por algunos adolescentes.


Adhesion or adherence is defined as the extent to which the patient follows the agreed treatment modality or intervention required. Adhesion or attachment is the cornerstone of therapeutic success. There is a resulting decrease in viral load and elevation of CD4 with significant improvement in quality of life. Appropriate future management and other therapeutic strategies decreased resistance to antiretroviral therapy. Prospective studies in adults and children have shown that the risk of virological failure increases in proportion to the lower doses administered as well as to resistance. Evidence suggests that adherence problems occur frequently in children and adolescents. Multiple studies have reported a very low percentage (50%) in children. There are a variety of factors such as drug formulation, e.g., presentation, frequency of doses, child's age, and characteristics of parents and children that have all been associated with adherence. This is changing, especially because adolescents do not want to be different from their peers. In clinical practice, the use of reminder systems such as paging devices and alarm clocks are accepted by some teenagers.

12.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 58(3): 163-167, mar. 2001. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-306669

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Objetivo: identificar las principales manifestaciones mucocutáneas que presentaron los pacientes pediátricos infectados por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (VIH-SIDA) atendidos en un hospital pediátrico de la Ciudad de México. Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, en el cual se revisaron los expedientes de los pacientes con diagnóstico de SIDA o VIH positivos en el período comprendido del 1 de enero de 1988 al 31 de diciembre de 1997, atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Recabándose la siguiente información: sexo, edad, lugar de residencia, forma de adquisición del VIH-SIDA y padecimientos cutáneos durante su evolución.Resultados. Se revisaron los expedientes de 149 pacientes con VIH-SIDA; 76 fueron del sexo masculino y 73 del femenino. La edad promedio fue de 4.4 años con variación de 1 día a 17 años. El 70 por ciento adquirió la infección por vía vertical, 25 por ciento por transfusión y 0.6 por ciento por vía sexual. Se diagnosticaron 251 dermatosis; las manifestaciones mucocutáneas predominantes fueron de origen infeccioso con 192 (77 por ciento) diagnósticos: candidiasis oral en 93 (49 por ciento), dermatitis por pañal con Candida 29 (15 por ciento), infecciones virales en 43 (22 por ciento), infecciones bacterianas en 20 (10 por ciento) e infecciones parasitarias en 3 (2 por ciento). Las manifestaciones cutáneas no infecciosas representaron 59 (23 por ciento) diagnósticos predominando la xerosis, la tricomegalia de pestañas y la dermatitis atópica. Conclusión. Las manifestaciones más frecuentes en pacientes con VIH-SIDA son mucocutáneas. Generalmente se trata de padecimientos comunes con gravedad inusual, presentación atípica, recurrencia y pobre respuesta al tratamiento habitual. Estas características deben alertar al pediatra sobre la posibilidad de VIH-SIDA subyacente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Skin Diseases , HIV , Child , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/physiopathology , Pyoderma , Candidiasis, Oral , Chickenpox , Diaper Rash
13.
Acta pediátr. Méx ; 16(4): 155-8, jul.-ago. 1995. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-173804

ABSTRACT

La familia Filoviridae esta compuesta por cuatro virus: Marburg y tres subtipos de Ebola (Ebola Zaire, Ebola Sudán y Ebola Reston). El género de los filovirus son muy similares morfológicamente y en densidad; son visualizados como partículas pleomórficas, grandes y filamentosas, frecuentemente adquieren configuraciones circulares o en U. La longitud del virión es variable (hasta 14000nm) pero el diámetro es uniforme en 80 nm. El virus consta de una nucleocápside, rodeada por una cápside helicoidal; hay un canal axial en la nucleocápside, una membrana formada por proyecciones de 10 nm, y todo el virión está cubierto por una unidad de lipoproteína derivada de la célula huésped. El genoma consta de una molécula de una cadena única de polaridad negativa de RNA que no es infeccioso por sí mismo, cuyo orden es: región 3I, nucleoproteína, proteína viral estructural, VP35, glicoproteína VP40, VP30, VP24, polimerasa (L) y región 5I


Subject(s)
Blotting, Western , Ebolavirus/pathogenicity , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Filoviridae/classification , Filoviridae/pathogenicity , Monkey Diseases/transmission , Zoonoses/transmission
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