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Cell Genom ; 4(4): 100526, 2024 Apr 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38537633

ABSTRACT

Hispanic/Latino children have the highest risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the US compared to other racial/ethnic groups, yet the basis of this remains incompletely understood. Through genetic fine-mapping analyses, we identified a new independent childhood ALL risk signal near IKZF1 in self-reported Hispanic/Latino individuals, but not in non-Hispanic White individuals, with an effect size of ∼1.44 (95% confidence interval = 1.33-1.55) and a risk allele frequency of ∼18% in Hispanic/Latino populations and <0.5% in European populations. This risk allele was positively associated with Indigenous American ancestry, showed evidence of selection in human history, and was associated with reduced IKZF1 expression. We identified a putative causal variant in a downstream enhancer that is most active in pro-B cells and interacts with the IKZF1 promoter. This variant disrupts IKZF1 autoregulation at this enhancer and results in reduced enhancer activity in B cell progenitors. Our study reveals a genetic basis for the increased ALL risk in Hispanic/Latino children.


Subject(s)
Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Humans , Child , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Transcription Factors/genetics , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics , Hispanic or Latino/genetics , Ikaros Transcription Factor/genetics
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