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1.
Heliyon ; 10(10): e31104, 2024 May 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38778960

ABSTRACT

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the joints of the human body and is projected to have a prevalence age-standardized rate of 1.5 million new cases worldwide by 2030. Several conventional and non-conventional preventive and therapeutic interventions have been suggested but they have their side effects including nausea, abdominal pain, liver damage, ulcers, heightened blood pressure, coagulation, and bleeding. Interestingly, several food-derived peptides (FDPs) from both plant and animal sources are increasingly gaining a reputation for their potential in the management or therapy of RA with little or no side effects. In this review, the concept of inflammation, its major types (acute and chronic), and RA identified as a chronic type were discussed based on its pathogenesis and pathophysiology. The conventional treatment options for RA were briefly outlined as the backdrop of introducing the FDPs that potentiate therapeutic effects in the management of RA.

2.
J Pharm Pharmacol ; 76(6): 681-690, 2024 Jun 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38422325

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Schisandrin B (Sch B) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, however, its antirheumatoid arthritis properties and potential mechanism remain unexplored. This study evaluated the potential of Sch B in adjuvant-induced arthritic (AIA) rats. METHODS: AIA was induced by injecting 0.1 ml of CFA into the paw of rats and the animals were administered with Sch B (50 mg/kg) for 28 days. The effects of Sch B were evaluated using arthritis severity, serum levels of oxido-inflammatory, and metabolic index parameters. KEY FINDINGS: Sch B eased arthritic symptoms by significantly reducing paw swelling and arthritic score and increased body weight gain. Moreover, Sch B alleviated the levels of oxido-inflammatory markers including interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, nuclear factor kappa B, transforming growth factor ß1, inducible nitric oxide synthase and malonaldehyde, as well as increased the levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and Nrf2. Sch B also remarkably restored the altered levels of triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase, lactic acid, pyruvate, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, glucose, hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor. In addition, Sch B markedly alleviated p65 expression in the treated AIA rats. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that Sch B alleviated AIA by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenesis.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Arthritis, Experimental , Cyclooctanes , Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit , Inflammation Mediators , Lignans , Oxidative Stress , Polycyclic Compounds , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Animals , Cyclooctanes/pharmacology , Cyclooctanes/therapeutic use , Lignans/pharmacology , Lignans/therapeutic use , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism , Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy , Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism , Polycyclic Compounds/pharmacology , Polycyclic Compounds/therapeutic use , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism , Rats , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Male , Inflammation Mediators/metabolism , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Inflammation/drug therapy , Inflammation/metabolism
3.
J Robot Surg ; 17(1): 233-241, 2023 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35666360

ABSTRACT

Retrospective matched-cohort comparative study. Cortical bone trajectory screw (CBT) technique is a new insertion technique in terms of fixation strength and less invasiveness. The purposes of this study were to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of percutaneous CBT fixation (PCBT) with traditional open posterior pedicle screw fixation (OPPS) technique. Between September 2019 and October 2020, patients undergoing posterior stabilization were matched for age, sex, diagnosis, fractured level, and AO classification. 24 control patients with OPPS were identified and appropriately matched to 24 consecutive patients with PCBT technique. Clinical outcomes and radiographic assessments including vertebral wedge angle (VWA) and sagittal index were recorded and compared between the two groups. Incision length, intraoperative blood loss and hospital stay in the PCBT group were significantly better than the OPPS group (P < 0.05). The VAS scores 5 days after operation for PCBT patients were significantly lower than those for OPPS patients (P = 0.003), but these differences lost significance at last follow-up. There was no significant difference in VWA and sagittal index between OPPS and PCBT group (P > 0.05). While no complications were noted in the PCBT group, there were four cases with complications in the traditional OPPS group. The present study showed that PCBT is a safe and feasible method for the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficits. This new surgical treatment was more minimally invasive, yet yielded equivalent or superior clinical and radiographic outcomes compared to the traditional open pedicle screw fixation surgery.


Subject(s)
Pedicle Screws , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Spinal Fractures , Humans , Spinal Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Spinal Fractures/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods , Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery , Thoracic Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Thoracic Vertebrae/surgery , Cortical Bone/diagnostic imaging , Cortical Bone/surgery , Treatment Outcome
4.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 154: 113583, 2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35994819

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of cardiovascular complications in diabetes has become one of the major cause of diabetes related morbidity/mortality. The onset and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been majorly linked to lipid alterations, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. This present study investigated the cardioprotective role of Lycium chinense leaf extract (LCME) in fructose/streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Diabetic animals were orally gavaged with LCME (100 and 400 mg/kg) for five weeks. The results indicated that diabetic rats showed increased blood glucose concentration, serum cardiac function markers (troponin T, creatine kinase-MB, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase) and lipid profile (triglycerides and cholesterol). In addition, the cardiac tissues of diabetic rats showed increased levels of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL 1ß), interleukin 6 (IL-6), caspase-3 and malondialdehyde as well as significantly reduced activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase. LCME significantly ameliorated hyperglycemia and markedly decreased serum concentrations of troponin T, creatine kinase-MB, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase, triglycerides and cholesterol. Furthermore, LCME notably suppressed cardiac oxido-inflammatory mediators and boosted cardiac antioxidant defense. Histopathologically, LCME restored cardiac structural alterations and also suppressed the immunohistochemical expression of collagen IV, smooth muscle alpha-actin (α-SMA) and p53, while Bcl2 expression was significantly increased. In conclusion, our result indicated that LCME protected against diabetic cardiomyopathy suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Diabetic Cardiomyopathies , Lycium , Animals , Antioxidants/metabolism , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Apoptosis , Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism , Biomarkers/metabolism , Creatine Kinase/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/complications , Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/drug therapy , Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control , Inflammation/pathology , Lactate Dehydrogenases/metabolism , Lipids , Lycium/chemistry , Oxidative Stress , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Rats , Triglycerides , Troponin T/metabolism
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