Association between dental conditions, sliver diamine fluoride application, parental satisfaction, and oral health-related quality of life of preschool children.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the associations between dental conditions, sliver diamine fluoride (SDF) application, parental satisfaction, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschool children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a clinical trial conducted in Hong Kong, preschool children who had carious lesions into dentine were randomly assigned to receive an application of SDF solution or placebo on their caries lesions 10 weeks before they received restorations. Additionally, a random sample of caries-free children was also recruited. Parents of the study children rated their satisfaction with their child's teeth using a 5-point scale (5 = very satisfied, 1 = very dissatisfied) 10 weeks after SDF or placebo application. Besides, the Chinese version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (C-ECOHIS) was used to assess the children's OHRQoL. RESULTS: There were 127, 133, and 154 children in the SDF, placebo, and caries-free groups, respectively. The parents whose child had 4 or more decayed teeth reported lower satisfaction scores (mean = 2.0 ± 0.7) with their child's dental health status compared with those of parents whose child had fewer (mean = 2.6 ± 0.9) or no (mean = 3.7 ± 0.7) decayed teeth (p < 0.001). These parents also reported higher C-ECOHIS scores. However, there was no significant difference in parental satisfaction and children's OHRQoL between the SDF and placebo groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this study population, parental satisfaction and children's OHRQoL were associated with children's dental caries status but not with SDF application. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study provides valuable information about the factors, including SDF application, that can influence parental satisfaction and OHRQoL of preschool children.

[Relationship among pathological changes in Liver tissues and level of serum HBV DNA, HBeAg and ALT of 194 patients with chronic hepatitis B].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationships among pathological and immunohistochemical changes in liver tissues, and the HBeAg, HBV DNA, ALT level in the patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Pathological and immunohistochemical examinations of liver tissue liver function tests, serum HBV and HBV DNA detection were performed in 194 patients with chronic hepatitis B. RESULTS: There was significant difference between the serum HBeAg positive group and the negative group in G2, G3-4 S2, S3-4 in liver tissues; The serum HBV DNA level of the groups S0 and S1-4, and the hepatic activity index between the groups G0-1 and G2-4 were significantly different. And the hepatic HBcAg positive group and HBcAg negative group were significantly different too. There was no significant difference between the HBsAg level in liver tissues as "+" group and the "++ - +++" group. The pathological diagnosis as S1 or (and) G2 is respectively 28.57%, 53.33%, 80.15%, 77.88% among the four groups with normal-mild-moderate-severe elevated serum ALT level. CONCLUSION: Serum HBV DNA correlated with HBcAg expression in liver tissue; the HBsAg level in liver tissues have no relationship with the serum HBV DNA level. The patients with low serum HBV DNA level may have high index of hepatic activity and hepatic fibrosis. Asymptomatic carriers and patients with low serum ALT level should be encouraged to accept liver biopsy. It can determine the degree of liver inflammation and fibrosis and timing of treatment.