ABSTRACT
The mevalonate pathway is known for the synthesis of cholesterol, but recent studies have reported that it also controls Hippo signaling, which is critical for the regulation of organ size and tumorigenesis. Here, we discover that the suppression of the mevalonate pathway inhibits the growth and proliferation of colon cancer cell lines. The results of transcriptomic and proteomic assays suggested that the mevalonate pathway controls multiple signaling pathways relevant to cell proliferation, and the results were further confirmed using western blot, PCR, and immunofluorescence assays. As cell proliferation is an energy-consuming process, we postulate that the mevalonate pathway may also control nutrient uptake to coordinate the processes of energy supply and cell proliferation. Here, we found that lovastatin, a mevalonate pathway inhibitor, suppresses glucose and amino acid uptake and lactate acid production. More importantly, mevalonic acid itself is sufficient to promote glucose uptake by colon cancer cells. In addition, we found that colon cancer tissues displayed a higher expression of mevalonate pathway enzymes, which may promote cell growth and stimulate energy uptake. Together, our findings establish the mevalonate pathway as a critical regulator in coordinating energy input and cell proliferation.
Subject(s)
Cell Proliferation , Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism , Mevalonic Acid/metabolism , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/drug effects , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism , Amino Acids/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Colonic Neoplasms/genetics , Glucose/metabolism , Humans , Lovastatin/pharmacology , Proteomics , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Signal Transduction/genetics , Transcription Factors/drug effects , Transcription Factors/genetics , Transcription Factors/metabolism , Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects , Wnt Signaling Pathway/genetics , YAP-Signaling ProteinsABSTRACT
Currently, inclinometers are often used to monitor the horizontal displacement of deep foundation pits; however, this method generally has a high cost and complex operation and cannot monitor in real time. In this paper, a novel monitoring method for horizontal displacement of deep foundation pits based on laser image recognition technology is proposed. By identifying the displacement of the spot produced by the laser emitter fixed at the monitoring point, the displacement of the deep foundation pit is determined. In addition, the impact of the angle is considered and eliminated. A series of experimental results indicate that this method exhibits high precision and satisfies the requirements of practical engineering. Simultaneously, it exhibits the advantages of low cost, easy operation, and real-time monitoring. It provides a novel method for the displacement monitoring of deep foundation pits.