Postmodulation of the Metal-Organic Framework Precursor toward the Vacancy-Rich CuxO Transducer for Sensitivity Boost: Synthesis, Catalysis, and H2O2 Sensing.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) act as versatile coordinators for the subsequent synthesis of high-performance catalysts by providing dispersed metal-ion distribution, initial coordination condition, dopant atom ratios, and so on. In this work, a crystalline MOF trans-[Cu(NO3)2(Him)4] was synthesized as the novel precursor of a redox-alternating CuxO electrochemical catalyst. Through simple temperature modulation, the gradual transformation toward a highly active nanocomposite was characterized to ascertain the signal enhancing mechanism in H2O2 reduction. Owing to the proprietary structure of the transducer material and its ensuing high activity, a proof-of-principle sensor was able to provide an amplified sensitivity of 2330 µA mM-1 cm-2. The facile one-pot preparation and intrinsic nonenzymatic nature also suggests its wide potentials in medical settings.

Postsynthesis Ligand Exchange Induced Porphyrin Hybrid Crystalloid Reconstruction for Self-Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence.

In traditional coreactant electrochemiluminescence (ECL), the efficiency of the coreactant catalyzed into an active intermediate is one of the dominant factors restricting the luminous intensity. In this work, Co-2-MI-ZnTCPP is designed as a composite material integrating coreaction accelerator (Co-N) and luminophore. Through the catalytic effect of Co-N structures on hydrogen peroxide, the in situ generation and accumulation of active intermediates are achieved, which will react with porphyrin anion radical, thereby bringing out self-enhanced ECL. By adjusting the scanning potential range, the ECL mechanism is thoroughly studied and the contribution of each potential window to the luminescence is obtained. This work provides inspiration for the design of integrated ECL emitters with a coreaction accelerator and luminophore, providing a new way for the construction of a self-enhanced ECL emitter.

Cytogenetic and molecular identification of small-segment chromosome translocation lines from wheat-rye substitution lines to create wheat germplasm with beneficial traits.

Intergeneric crop plant hybrid lines with small-segment chromosome translocations are very useful in plant genetic research and breeding. In this study, to create small-segment chromosome translocations with beneficial agronomic characters, the progeny of wheat-rye substitution lines 5R/5A and 6R/6A were selected from generations F2 to F5 for rye-specific characteristics. A PCR primer and specific simple sequence repeat marker for rye were used in F5 populations to detect rye chromatin and to amplify a specific chromosome band in six translocation lines (06-6-5, 06-6-6, 06-6-9, 6-26-1, 7-23, and 7-33). Fragment pSc119.1 cloned from 7-33 had 99% homology with the big ear gene sequence (GenBank AF512607.1) in wheat. The six lines were further characterized via pollen mother cell meiosis analysis for genetic stability, and chromosome C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization for rye chromatin. The results show that line 7-33 was still within the 5R/5A substitution lines and possessed the big ear gene. The other lines all contained small-segment rye chromosome translocations. The results indicated that substitution line hybridization is an effective method for creating small-segment chromosome translocations with useful agronomic traits. Trials for these six wheat-rye translocation lines are justified because they possess many important stably-inherited agronomic characters, including disease resistance and improved yield.