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Background: Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is a prevalent gynecological malignancy associated with high recurrence rates and mortality, often diagnosed at advanced stages. Despite advances in immunotherapy, immune exhaustion remains a significant challenge in achieving optimal tumor control. However, the exploration of intratumoral heterogeneity of malignant epithelial cells and the ovarian cancer tumor microenvironment is still limited, hindering our comprehensive understanding of the disease. Materials and methods: Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we comprehensively investigated the cellular composition across six ovarian cancer patients with omental metastasis. Our focus centered on analysis of the malignant epithelial cells. Employing CytoTRACE and slingshot pseudotime analyses, we identified critical subpopulations and explored associated transcription factors (TFs) influencing ovarian cancer progression. Furthermore, by integrating clinical factors from a large cohort of bulk RNA sequencing data, we have established a novel prognostic model to investigate the impact of the tumor immune microenvironment on ovarian cancer patients. Furthermore, we have investigated the condition of immunological exhaustion. Results: Our study identified a distinct and highly proliferative subgroup of malignant epithelial cells, known as C2 TOP2A+ TCs. This subgroup primarily consisted of patients who hadn't received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Ovarian cancer patients with elevated TOP2A expression exhibited heightened sensitivity to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Moreover, the transcription factor MYBL2 in this subgroup played a critical role in ovarian cancer development. Additionally, we developed an independent prognostic indicator, the TOP2A TCs Risk Score (TTRS), which revealed a correlation between the High TTRS Group and unfavorable outcomes. Furthermore, immune infiltration and drug sensitivity analyses demonstrated increased responsiveness to Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Gemcitabine in the Low TTRS Group. Conclusion: This research deepens our understanding of malignant epithelial cells in ovarian cancer and enhances our knowledge of the ovarian cancer immune microenvironment and immune exhaustion. We have revealed the heightened susceptibility of the C2 TOP2A+ TCs subgroup to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and emphasized the role of MYBL2 within the C2 subgroup in promoting the occurrence and progression of ovarian cancer. These insights provide valuable guidance for the management of ovarian cancer treatment.
Subject(s)
Disease Progression , Epithelial Cells , Ovarian Neoplasms , Single-Cell Analysis , Tumor Microenvironment , Female , Humans , Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics , Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy , Tumor Microenvironment/immunology , Tumor Microenvironment/genetics , Epithelial Cells/immunology , Epithelial Cells/metabolism , Trans-Activators/genetics , Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics , Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Sequence Analysis, RNA , Prognosis , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics , Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology , RNA-Seq , Middle Aged , DNA Topoisomerases, Type IIABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A relatively small number of studies have researched the relationship between sleep duration and suicidal ideation, attempts, and behavior. This research aims to investigate the link between sleep duration and suicide in Chinese adolescents, and to examine the role of depression as a mediating factor. METHOD: Data were collected from 3315 students using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method and self-administered questionnaires. The study applied logistic regression to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and various forms of suicidal behavior, and mediation analysis to understand how depression might influence this relationship. RESULTS: The average sleep duration among the adolescents was 7.25 h (±0.20), with 59.67 % reporting insufficient sleep. The logistic regression analysis showed that longer sleep duration is linked with lower risks of suicidal ideation (OR: 0.753, 95%CI: 0.696 to 0.814), suicidal attempts (OR: 0.830, 95%CI: 0.748 to 0.922), and suicidal behavior (OR: 0.841, 95%CI: 0.713 to 0.992). Analysis using restricted cubic spline plots indicated the connection between sleep duration and these suicidal factors was not linear. The study found that depression plays a partial mediating role between sleep duration and suicidal ideation, with an effect of 52.29 %. LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional study design could not prove causation. CONCLUSIONS: There is a clear non-linear association between sleep duration and suicidal tendencies in adolescents, with depression acting as a mediator. This suggests that future research could focus on sleep and mood management as ways to address suicide risk in this age group.
Subject(s)
Depression , Sleep , Suicidal Ideation , Suicide, Attempted , Humans , Adolescent , Male , Female , Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical data , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , China/epidemiology , Depression/psychology , Depression/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Logistic Models , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Time Factors , Sleep Duration , East Asian PeopleABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the heterogeneity and gene ontology of Wnt1-Cre-marked and Pax2-Cre-marked first branchial arch cranial neural crest cells (CNCs) in mice. METHODS: The embryos of Wnt1-Cre;R26RmTmG and Pax2-Cre;R26RmTmG at embryonic day (E)8.0-E9.25 were collected for histological observation. We performed immunostaining to compare green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive CNCs in Pax2-Cre;R26RAi9 and Wnt1-Cre;R26RAi9 mice at E15.5. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to analyze the first branchial arch GFP-positive CNCs from Wnt1-Cre;R26RmTmG and Pax2-cre;R26RmTmGmice at E10.5. Real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) was performed to validate the differential genes. RESULTS: Wnt1-Cre-marked and Pax2-Cre-marked CNCs migrated from the neural plateto first and second branchial arches and to the first branchial arch, respectively, at E8.0. Although Wnt1-Cre-marked and Pax2-Cre-marked CNCs were found mostly in cranial-facial tissues, the former had higher expression in palate and tongue. The results of scRNA-seq showed that Pax2-Cre-marked CNCs specifically contributed to osteoblast differentiation and ossification, while Wnt1-Cre-marked CNCs participated in limb development, cell migration, and ossification. The q-PCR data also confirmed the results of gene ontology analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Pax2-Cre mice are perfect experimental animal models for research on first branchial arch CNCs and derivatives in osteoblast differentiation and ossification.
Subject(s)
Branchial Region , Neural Crest , PAX2 Transcription Factor , Wnt1 Protein , Animals , Neural Crest/metabolism , Mice , Wnt1 Protein/metabolism , PAX2 Transcription Factor/metabolism , Integrases/metabolism , Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
A proteomics-based analysis of the effect of heat inactivation on the alleviation of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) using Levilactobacillus brevis PDD-2 is presented, aimed at exploring the potential and mechanisms of postbiotic elements prepared through heat inactivation in the treatment of ALD. It was found that L. brevis PDD-2 and its postbiotic (heat-inactivated L. brevis PDD-2) alleviate chronic ALD via the gut-liver axis. In particular, heat-inactivated L. brevis PDD-2 significantly increased the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae and better facilitated the oxidative stress balance in the liver. The tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics technique analyses revealed that heat-inactivated L. brevis PDD-2 was associated with up-regulated expression levels of proteins related to the redox system, cellular metabolism, amino acid and oligopeptide transport, and surface proteins with immunomodulatory capacity. These findings provide a theoretical basis for developing novel therapeutic strategies and lay a solid foundation for further revealing its exhaustive mechanisms.
Subject(s)
Hot Temperature , Levilactobacillus brevis , Liver Diseases, Alcoholic , Proteomics , Liver Diseases, Alcoholic/metabolism , Liver Diseases, Alcoholic/microbiology , Animals , Levilactobacillus brevis/metabolism , Male , Probiotics/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Mice , Liver/metabolism , Liver/drug effects , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects , HumansABSTRACT
Drug resistance is currently one of the biggest challenges in cancer treatment. With the deepening understanding of drug resistance, various mechanisms have been revealed, including metabolic reprogramming and alterations of redox balance. Notably, metabolic reprogramming mediates the survival of tumor cells in harsh environments, thereby promoting the development of drug resistance. In addition, the changes during metabolic pattern shift trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which in turn regulates cellular metabolism, DNA repair, cell death, and drug metabolism in direct or indirect ways to influence the sensitivity of tumors to therapies. Therefore, the intersection of metabolism and ROS profoundly affects tumor drug resistance, and clarifying the entangled mechanisms may be beneficial for developing drugs and treatment methods to thwart drug resistance. In this review, we will summarize the regulatory mechanism of redox and metabolism on tumor drug resistance and highlight recent therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic-redox circuits, including dietary interventions, novel chemosynthetic drugs, drug combination regimens, and novel drug delivery systems.
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BACKGROUND: Long-term exposure to air pollution has been linked to cancer incidence. However, the evidence is limited regarding the effect of short-term exposure to air pollution on cancer mortality. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate associations between short-term exposure to air pollutants (sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 mm (PM10) and PM2.5) and cancer daily mortality. METHODS: This study used air quality, meteorological and daily cancer death data from 2014 to 2019 in Hangzhou, China. Generalised additive models (GAM) with quasi-Poisson regression were used to analyse the associations between air pollutants and cancer mortality with adjustment for confounding factors including time trends, day of week, temperature and humidity. Then, we conducted stratified analyses by sex, age, season and education. In addition, stratified analyses of age, season and education were performed within each sex to determine whether sex difference was modified by such factors. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders, the GAM results indicated a statistically significant relationship between increased cancer mortality and elevated air pollution concentrations, but only in the female population. For every 10 µg/m3 rise in pollutant concentration, the increased risk of cancer death in females was 6.82% (95% CI 3.63% to 10.10%) for SO2 on lag 03, and 2.02% (95% CI 1.12% to 2.93%) for NO2 on lag 01 and 0.89% (95% CI 0.46% to 1.33%) for PM10 on lag 03 and 1.29% (95% CI 0.64% to 1.95%) for PM2.5 on lag 03. However, no statistically significant association was found among males. Moreover, the differences in effect sizes between males and females were more pronounced during the cold season, among the elderly and among subjects with low levels of education. CONCLUSIONS: Increased cancer mortality was only observed in females with rising concentrations of air pollutants. Further research is required to confirm this sex difference. Advocate for the reduction of air pollutant emissions to protect vulnerable groups.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants , Air Pollution , Environmental Exposure , Neoplasms , Nitrogen Dioxide , Particulate Matter , Sulfur Dioxide , Humans , Neoplasms/mortality , China/epidemiology , Female , Male , Air Pollution/adverse effects , Particulate Matter/adverse effects , Particulate Matter/analysis , Air Pollutants/adverse effects , Air Pollutants/analysis , Middle Aged , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Sulfur Dioxide/analysis , Sulfur Dioxide/adverse effects , Aged , Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis , Nitrogen Dioxide/adverse effects , Adult , Seasons , Young Adult , Adolescent , Child , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There is a broad pulse pressure (PP) and a high prevalence of carotid plaques in old adults. Previous studies have indicated that PP is strongly associated with carotid plaque formation. This study aimed to explore this association in old adults with uncontrolled hypertension. METHODS: 1371 hypertensive patients aged ≥ 60 years with uncontrolled hypertension were enrolled in a community-based screening in Hangzhou, China. Carotid plaques were assessed using ultrasonography. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between PP and carotid plaques by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Carotid plaques were detected in 639 (46.6%) of subjects. Multiple plaques were found in 408 (63.8%) and soft plaques in 218 (34.1%). Elevated PP was associated with a high prevalence of carotid plaques. After adjusting for traditional risk factors, compared to patients within the lowest tertile of PP, those within the highest tertiles had an increased risk of carotid plaques (OR 2.061, CI 1.547-2.745). For each 1-SD increase, the risk increased by 40.1% (OR 1.401, CI 1.237-1.587). There was a nonlinear association between PP and carotid plaques (P nonlinearity = 0.039). The risk increased rapidly after the predicted PP level reached around 60 mmHg. The associations were stronger among participants with multiple and soft plaques. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested that PP was independently associated with carotid plaques in old adults with uncontrolled hypertension who have an increased risk of atherosclerosis.
Subject(s)
Blood Pressure , Carotid Artery Diseases , Hypertension , Plaque, Atherosclerotic , Humans , Male , Female , Hypertension/physiopathology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Hypertension/diagnosis , Aged , China/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Risk Assessment , Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery Diseases/epidemiology , Carotid Artery Diseases/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age Factors , Predictive Value of TestsABSTRACT
Elevated remnant cholesterol (RC) is considered a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but the evidence on this association applies to the Chinese population with hypertension is limited. We aimed to explore the association between RC levels and carotid plaque in old adults with hypertension. 8523 hypertensive patients aged ≥ 60 years with serum lipids and carotid ultrasonography data were included in this community-based screening. Fasting RC was calculated as total cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). The associations of RC levels with carotid plaque risk were evaluated using Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models. Carotid plaque was screened in 4821 (56.56%) subjects. After multivariable-adjusted, RC was significantly related to carotid plaque [Odd ratio (OR)] = 1.043 per 0.1 mmol/L increase, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.030-1.056). The highest versus the lowest quartile of RC was 1.928 (1.673-2.223) for carotid plaque. A nonlinear association was found between serum RC levels and the risk of carotid plaque (P for nonlinearity < 0.001). Moreover, an RC > 0.78 mmol/L differentiated patients at a higher risk of carotid plaque compared to those at lower concentrations, regardless of whether LDLC was on target at 2.59 mmol/L. In old adults with hypertension, elevated RC was positively associated with carotid plaque, independent of LDLC and other conventional risk factors.
Subject(s)
Atherosclerosis , Hypercholesterolemia , Hypertension , Plaque, Atherosclerotic , Adult , Humans , Cholesterol , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/epidemiology , Carotid Arteries , Atherosclerosis/complications , Risk Factors , Hypercholesterolemia/complications , China/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to understand the riding behaviors of electric bike (e-bike) users in Hangzhou after the "Regulations of Zhejiang Province on the Administration of Electric Bicycles". Methods: The study consisted of two parts, including a questionnaire survey of local e-bike users in Shangcheng District and Jiande County in Hangzhou City, and a cross-sectional observational study of 16 intersections. Results: A total of 789 e-bike riders participated in the questionnaire survey, and the riding behavior of 99,407 e-bike users was observed. The main purpose of using e-bike was work and daily life, 46.0% of them used e-bikes more than 5 days a week, and 58.5% used e-bikes for less than 30 min each time. A vast majority (81.7%) of e-bike riders believe that the implementation of Zhejiang Regulations has significantly improved the safety level of e-bike riding in the region. The field survey found that the correct rates of helmet wearing by e-bike riders and passengers were 78.83% and 42.27%. The main violations were invalid/non-helmet wearing (21.17%), followed by carrying passengers and running red lights (7.94% and 4.26%). The rates of invalid/non-helmet wearing and running red lights were significantly higher during non-morning rush hour, weekends, and roads without separate non-motorized vehicle lanes than in other conditions (all P < 0.05). Additionally, sunny days and crossroads were risk factors for passenger-carrying and invalid/non-helmet wearing compared to rainy/cloudy days and T-intersections. Conclusions: The phenomenon that e-bike users' correct practice lags far behind the awareness of various violations has shown some improvement. To further enhance safety measures for e-bike riders, it is necessary to promote education, improve infrastructure, and strengthen law enforcement, in support of the "Zhejiang Regulations" and behavioral interventions.
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Traditional antibiotics are facing a tremendous challenge due to increased antimicrobial resistance; hence, there is an urgent need to find novel antibiotic alternatives. Milk protein-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are currently attracting substantial attention considering that they showcase an extensive spectrum of antimicrobial activities, with slower development of antimicrobial resistance and safety of raw materials. This review summarizes the molecular properties, and activity mechanisms and highlights the applications and limitations of AMPs derived from milk proteins comprehensively. Also the analytical technologies, especially bioinformatics methodologies, applied in the process of screening, identification, and mechanism illustration of AMPs were underlined. This review will give some ideas for further research and broadening of the applications of milk protein-derived AMPs in the food field.
Subject(s)
Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides , Antimicrobial Peptides , Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/pharmacology , Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Milk ProteinsABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignant tumor, and its pathogenesis is still not fully understood. Studies have shown that SMAD7 gene polymorphisms can affect CRC susceptibility, but the results have been inconsistent and require additional confirmation. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of SMAD7 variants on the risk of CRC in the Chinese Han population. A total of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SMAD7 were genotyped among 696 CRC patients and 696 healthy participants using the MassARRAY iPLEX platform. SNPs were evaluated for their associations with CRC using logistic regression analysis under multiple genetic models. The false-positive report probability (FPRP) analysis was used to validate the positive findings. Our study indicated that rs11874392 showed an increased association with CRC risk (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.67; p = 0.024). Stratified analysis showed that rs11874392 might increase the risk of CRC in females (OR = 1.70, p = 0.028), individuals with smoking (OR = 1.87, p = 0.026), and drinking (OR = 1.38, p = 0.027). The rs11874392 was found to be related to an elevated risk of rectal cancer (OR = 1.73, p = 0.003), but not with colon cancer. FPRP analysis demonstrated that all of these associations were statistically significant (FPRP <0.2). Additionally, rs11874392 was the strongest predictive model for CRC. This study provides evidence that the SMAD7 rs11874392 is related to an increased susceptibility to CRC.
Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Female , Humans , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Genotype , Risk , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Case-Control Studies , Smad7 Protein/geneticsABSTRACT
Introduction: Both conventional adenoma (AD) and serrated polyp (SP) were known precursor lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC). Modifiable lifestyle factors were significantly associated with CRC risk, but whether these factors were related to the risk of different precursors of CRC needed to be clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the risks of AD and SP caused by lifestyle factors and compare the risk differences between AD and SP. Methods: The study population was from the CRC screening cohort in Hangzhou, China. A total of 458,457 eligible individuals volunteered to undergo initial screening including the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and the CRC risk assessment. Finally, 13,993 participants who had undergone colonoscopy tests and had been diagnosed at designated hospitals were selected in this study. All participants were required to fill out a questionnaire during the initial screening for collecting their information. The generalized estimate equation (GEE) model was used to assess the association between lifestyle factors/dietary preferences and AD/SP. Results: The body mass index (BMI) and smoking were positively associated with the risks of only SP (BMI: OR = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.23-1.84; smoking: OR = 1.29, 95%CI: 1.07-1.55), only AD (BMI: OR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.28-1.82; OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.11-1.39), and synchronous SP and AD (BMI: OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.40-2.75; smoking: OR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.27-1.85). In the case-group comparison, smoking was more strongly associated with the risk of synchronous SP and AD than only AD. Alcohol drinking was positively associated with the risk of AD (OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.14-1.44), but no statistically significant difference was observed in risks in the case-group comparison. Furthermore, whole-grain intake was associated with a decreased risk of only AD (OR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.65-0.93). However, white meat intake was positively associated with risks of only SP when compared with AD cases (OR = 1.60, 95%CI: 1.15-2.23). Conclusion: The current study identified common risk factors such as BMI and smoking as well as different risks of certain factors (e.g., alcohol drinking and whole-grain intake) for SP and AD. However, there were still some factors, especially diet-related factors, that have not been fully elucidated in their association with the two lesions. Further research is needed in future to confirm and develop prevention strategies for different lesions.
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Objective@#To investigate the mortality and disease burden of diabetes in Hangzhou City from 2013 to 2021, so as to provide insights into improving diabetes prevention and control strategies.@*Methods@#Data on morbidity and mortality of diabetes in Hangzhou City from 2013 to 2021 were collected through the Chronic Disease and Death Cause Monitoring System of Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the crude and age-standardized mortality (standardized by the population of the Seventh National Population Census in China in 2020) were calculated. Data on the prevalence of diabetes were collected from the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance (CCDRFS), and the burden of disease was evaluated by calculating years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD) and disability-adjusted years (DALY) with reference to the methodology of the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD). The trends in mortality and disease burden of diabetes were evaluated with the average annual percent change (AAPC). @*Results@#There were 8 686 deaths of diabetes in Hangzhou City from 2013 to 2021, with the average annual crude mortality of 13.17/105 and age-standardized mortality of 10.89/105. The crude mortality of diabetes showed a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=2.62%, P<0.05), while the trend in age-standardized mortality was not significant (P>0.05). The crude and age-standardized mortality of diabetes were higher in women than in men (14.11/105 vs. 12.21/105, 12.16/105 vs. 9.71/105; both P<0.05); however, the crude mortality in men increased more rapidly (men: AAPC=4.46%, P<0.05; women: AAPC=1.09%, P>0.05). The YLL, YLD and DALY of diabetes were 155.42, 1 246.73 and 1 402.15 thousand person-years, and the rates of YLL, YLD and DALY were 2.36, 18.90 and 21.25 person-years per thousand, respectively. The rates of YLL, YLD and DALY appeared a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=1.57%, 6.03% and 7.11%, all P<0.05). Higher rates of DALY and more remarkable increase were seen in men than in women (P<0.05; AAPC=8.37%, 5.54%, both P<0.05). @*Conclusions@# The mortality of diabetes in Hangzhou City from 2013 to 2021 is high, and the burden of disease, especially disability, is growing rapidly, with the burden of disease being more serious in men.
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Clarifying the mechanisms underlying microbial community assembly from regional microbial pools is a central issue of microbial ecology, but remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the gut bacterial and fungal microbiome assembly processes and potential sources in Drosophila simulans and Dicranocephalus wallichii bowringi, two wild, sympatric insect species that share a common diet of waxberry. While some convergence was observed, the diversity, composition, and network structure of the gut microbiota significantly differed between these two host species. Null model analyses revealed that stochastic processes (e.g., drift, dispersal limitation) play a principal role in determining gut microbiota from both hosts. However, the strength of each ecological process varied with the host species. Furthermore, the source-tracking analysis showed that only a minority of gut microbiota within D. simulans and D. wallichii bowringi are drawn from a regional microbial pool from waxberries, leaves, or soil. Results from function prediction implied that host species-specific gut microbiota might arise partly through host functional requirement and specific selection across host-microbiota coevolution. In conclusion, our findings uncover the importance of community assembly processes over regional microbial pools in shaping sympatric insect gut microbiome structure and function.
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Objective@#To understand the situation of blood pressure control and its influencing factors in elderly patients with hypertension in Hangzhou, and to provide basis for the management of elderly patients with hypertension in community. @*Methods@#The subjects of this study were hypertension patients aged 60 years and over in Hangzhou community health management of basic public health services. Demographic data and life behaviors were collected by a questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory tests were carried out. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for blood pressure control in elderly patients with hypertension.@*Results@#A total of 109 583 people were investigated, with 50 500(46.08%) males and 59 083(53.92%) females. The control rate was 47.70% ( 52 273/109 583 ). After adjusted for age and gender, regular medication ( OR=0.874, 95%CI: 0.838-0.912 ) was the protective factor, obesity ( OR=1.291, 95%CI: 1.260-1.324 ), abnormal fasting plasma glucose ( OR=1.218-1.344, 95%CI: 1.178-1.410 ), the number of unhealthy lifestyles ( OR=1.271-1.292, 95%CI: 1.231-1.344 ), the items of dyslipidemia ( OR=1.047-1.253, 95%CI: 1.017-1.311 ), and the number of cardiovascular risk factors above ( OR=1.254-2.109, 95%CI:1.175-2.281 ) were the risk factors for blood pressure control in elderly patients with hypertension.@*Conclusions@#The control rate of elderly patients with hypertension in Hangzhou is 47.70%, which is associated with irregular medication, unhealthy lifestyle, obesity, dyslipidemia, abnormal fasting plasma glucose and clustering of these factors.
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Objective@#To analyze the status and trend of fall mortality among the elderly from 2006 to 2018 in Hangzhou, and to provide basis for fall prevention and control. @*Methods@#Through the medical certificate of death in hospitals at the county level and above and community health service centers, the monitoring data of the deaths from fall among the elderly aged 60 years and above in Hangzhou from 2006 to 2018 were collected. The crude motality rate, standardized mortality rate of fall and the annual percentage change ( APC ) were calculated to examine the status and trend of fall mortality in different gender, age and areas. @*Results@#The crude mortality rate of fall among the elderly in Hangzhou was 85.60/100 000 and the standardized mortality rate was 71.42/100 000 from 2006 to 2018. The crude and standardized mortality rate from 2006 to 2018 showed increasing trends and the APCs were 3.46% and 2.33%, respectively ( P<0.05) . The crude mortality rate was 93.01/100 000 in females, which was higher than 77.82/100 000 in males ( P<0.05 ) , the APCs were 3.25% and 3.77%, respectively. The crude mortality rate of rural areas was 129.03/100 000, which was significantly higher than 60.73/100 000 of urban areas ( P<0.05 ) . The mortality rate of urban and rural areas showed increasing trends, the APCs were 5.02% and 2.43%, respectively. The crude mortality rate of fall among the elderly in Hangzhou increased gradually with age ( P<0.05 ) . @*Conclusion@#The fall mortality among the elderly in Hangzhou increased from 2006 to 2018. More efforts are needed to reduce fall mortality in females and rural population.
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Objective@#To explore the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of abdominal obesity among primary and middle school students in Hangzhou, and to provide evidence for abdominal obesity prevention.@*Methods@#A total of 27 967 students from 711 classes 23 primary and middle schools in 4 districts and 5 counties in Hangzhou were investigated. The 90th percentile (P90) of waist circumference of the same ethnicity, age and gender was used as the diagnostic value for abdominal obesity. Chi-square test was used to identify the deference among groups. Multilevel analysis was applied on the influencing factors of abdominal obesity.@*Results@#The rate of abdominal obesity among primary and middle school students in Hangzhou was 17.69%, with urban (20.98%) higher than rural (15.61%), boys’ (20.40%) higher than girls’ (14.92%), highest in primary school students (20.83%) and lowest in high school students (15.30%). The effects of school and class on abdominal obesity among primary and middle school students were significant (P<0.01).@*@#The rate of abdominal obesity among primary and middle school students in Hangzhou was higher than national average level. In addition to the individual factors, management on healthy food and nutrition should be a high priority on every class and every school.
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Alveolar bone dehiscences, which were "V" shaped defects related the margin of the alveolar bone, were common findings in different populations and decreased bony support of teeth. It was difficult to detect dehiscence during direct clinical examination. All of the previous studies on the prevalence of dehiscences were based on dry human skulls. In the current article, we evaluated the prevalence of dehiscences occurring naturally in a Chinese subpopulation, and prepared a classification of dehiscences using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The high prevalence rate of dehiscences and different characteristics of each category suggest that it would be helpful for clinicians who perform periodontal surgery, endodontic surgery, implant surgery or orthodontic treatment to understand which teeth are most often associated with such bony defects, and to consider the effect of severe dehiscences on their diagnosis and treatment plan.
Las dehiscencias óseas alveolares, con forma de "V" en el margen del hueso alveolar, son hallazgos comunes en diferentes poblaciones y provocan una disminución del soporte óseo de los dientes. La dehiscencia fue difícil de identificar durante la exploración clínica directa. Todos los estudios anteriores sobre la prevalencia de dehiscencia se basaron en cráneos humanos secos. En el presente artículo, se evaluó la prevalencia de dehiscencia natural ocurrido en una subpoblación de China. Realizamos una clasificación de las dehiscencias mediante tomografía computarizada cone-beam (TCCB). La alta prevalencia de dehiscencias y las diferentes características de cada categoría sugieren que esta clasificación sería de gran ayuda para los médicos que realizan cirugía periodontal, endodóntica, cirugía de implantes o tratamiento de ortodoncia, permitiendo informar sobre que dientes están más frecuentemente asociados con tales defectos óseos, y poder considerar los efectos severos de las dehiscencias severas en el diagnóstico y el plan de tratamiento.