Social-emotional problems in 3-to 5-year-old children: a cross-sectional study of highly educated migrants in a Chinese urban area.

Background: Previous research has primarily examined the mental well-being of children from labor migrant families, yet there is a lack of understanding regarding the mental well-being of children from highly educated migrant backgrounds. This study investigated the social-emotional problems of 3-5-year-olds from highly educated migrant families residing in an urban area of China, as well as explored potential differences in demographic variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Qiantang District, Hangzhou, China, with 1,494 (53.3% boys) children selected via a convenient sampling method. The Ages & Stages Questionnaires: social-Emotional, Second Edition (ASQ:SE-2) was used to measure social-emotional problems. Results: The results showed that 23.6% of the children were at risk for social-emotional problems. More boys (26.7%) than girls (20.1%) had scores above the cut-off. Additionally, more children in the low socioeconomic status (29.9%) had scores above the cut-off than those in the high socioeconomic status (18.9%). There were three common issues among all age groups: "being more active than others," "excessive attachment to parents," and "being overly friendly with strangers. Conclusion: The social-emotional development of children from highly educated migrant families is a significant aspect that deserves recognition, contributing valuable insights to the existing literature on this topic.

Association between parents' concerns about eating and sleeping problems and social-emotional development in Chinese children aged 3 to 6 years.

Background: Parents' parenting beliefs have a major influence on their children's eating and sleeping problems and emotional socialization. However, the relationship between parent's concerns about eating or sleeping problems and social-emotional development is unclear. Methods: We used a convenience sampling method to investigate 997 parents of preschool children aged 3 to 6 in Hangzhou, China, and asked them to complete the "Ages & Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional (2nd Edition)" (ASQ: SE-2) and the Survey of Concerns about Children's Eating and Sleeping Problems. To examine the relationship between children's social-emotional development and their parents' concerns about their eating or sleeping problems, binary logistic regression was used. Results: There were 218 children (21.9%) with a suspected social-emotional development delay, and 273 parents (27.4%) were concerned about their children's eating or sleeping problems, which mainly focused on ill-balanced eating, bad eating habits, and difficulty falling asleep. The rate of suspected social-emotional development delay in children with the co-occurrence of eating and sleeping problems (37.8%) was significantly higher than those with only eating problems (29.7%), only sleeping problems (24.4%), and those with no eating or sleeping problems (18.8%) (p < 0.05). A binary logistic regression analysis showed that parents' concerns about the co-occurrence of eating and sleeping problems (OR = 2.52, p = 0.01) and only eating problems (OR = 1.71, p = 0.004) were risk factors for children's social-emotional development. In addition, boys were more likely than girls to have suspected social-emotional development delay (OR = 1.49, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Children whose parents were concerned about only eating or the co-occurrence of eating and sleeping problems were linked to have a higher risk of suspected social-emotional development delay.

The predictive value of machine learning for mortality risk in patients with acute coronary syndromes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are the leading cause of global death. Optimizing mortality risk prediction and early identification of high-risk patients is essential for developing targeted prevention strategies. Many researchers have built machine learning (ML) models to predict the mortality risk in ACS patients. Our meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the predictive value of various ML models in predicting death in ACS patients at different times. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched systematically from database establishment to March 12, 2022 for studies developing or validating at least one ML predictive model for death in ACS patients. We used PROBAST to assess the risk of bias in the reported predictive models and a random-effects model to assess the pooled C-index and accuracy of these models. RESULTS: Fifty papers were included, involving 216 ML prediction models, 119 of which were externally validated. The combined C-index of the ML models in the validation cohort predicting the in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, 3- or 6-month mortality, and 1 year or above mortality in ACS patients were 0.8633 (95% CI 0.8467-0.8802), 0.8296 (95% CI 0.8134-0.8462), 0.8205 (95% CI 0.7881-0.8541), and 0.8197 (95% CI 0.8042-0.8354), respectively, with the corresponding combined accuracy of 0.8569 (95% CI 0.8411-0.8715), 0.8282 (95% CI 0.7922-0.8591), 0.7303 (95% CI 0.7184-0.7418), and 0.7837 (95% CI 0.7455-0.8175), indicating that the ML models were relatively excellent in predicting ACS mortality at different times. Furthermore, common predictors of death in ML models included age, sex, systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, Killip class, heart rate, diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and hemoglobin. CONCLUSIONS: The ML models had excellent predictive power for mortality in ACS, and the methodologies may need to be addressed before they can be used in clinical practice.

Enhanced Ca2+ handling in thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages.

In macrophage biology, resident peritoneal macrophages (RPMs) and thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages (TGPMs) have been traditionally utilized as primary cultured models. RPMs and TGPMs exhibit distinct morphological, functional and metabolic characteristics, although it remains unclear how cellular Ca2+ handling differs between them. In our Fura-2 Ca2+ imaging, TGPMs displayed elevated resting Ca2+ levels, increased store Ca2+ contents and facilitated store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) compared with RPMs. The intensified intracellular Ca2+ stores were enriched with major luminal Ca2+-binding proteins inducibly expressed in TGPMs. The elevated resting Ca2+ level was predominantly maintained by constitutive Ca2+ influx, probably through the transient receptor potential (TRP) family members TRPP2, TRPM7 and TRPA1. These TRP family channels seemed to be largely activated in a manner dependent on phospholipase C activity, and together with Orai channels, contributed to SOCE. Moreover, Ca2+-dependent K+ channels efficiently facilitated SOCE by enhancing the Ca2+ driving force in TGPMs. The consolidated cellular Ca2+ handling described may underlie the specialized cell-physiological features of TGPMs, such as vital proliferation, active migration and avid phagocytosis.