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Irradiation injuries anti-agents refer to drugs that can inhibit the initial stage of radiation injuries, or reduce the development of radiation injuries and promote the recovery of injuries when used early after irradiation exposure. According to the mechanism of action and the time of intervention, the irradiation injuries anti-agents are divided into four categories: radioprotectors, radiomitigators, radiation therapeutics for external radiation exposure, and anti-agents for internalized radionuclides. In this paper, the research progress of irradiation injuries anti-agents in recent years is reviewed.
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Humans , Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Radiation Injuries/prevention & controlABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the feasibility of snuff pot arterial pressure measurement for patients undergoing routine elective surgery during anesthesia.@*METHODS@#A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. Patients undergoing elective surgery admitted to the Handan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 1, 2020 to June 1, 2022 were enrolled. Patients who needed arterial pressure measurement for hemodynamic monitoring were randomly divided into routine radial artery puncture group and snuff pot artery puncture group with their informed consent. The patients in the routine radial artery puncture group were placed a catheter at the styloid process of the patient's radius to measure pressure. In the snuff pot artery puncture group, the snuff pot artery, that was, the radial fossa on the back of the hand (snuff box), was selected to conduct the snuff pot artery puncture and tube placement for pressure measurement. The indwelling time of arterial puncture catheter, arterial blood pressure, and complications of puncture catheterization of patients in the two groups were observed. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the relevant factors that affect the outcome of arterial catheterization.@*RESULTS@#Finally, a total of 252 patients were enrolled, of which 130 patients received routine radial artery puncture and 122 patients received snuff pot artery puncture. There was no statistically significant difference in general information such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and surgical type of patients between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the indwelling time of artery puncture catheter between the routine radial artery puncture group and the snuff pot artery puncture group (minutes: 3.4±0.3 vs. 3.6±0.3, P > 0.05). The systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measured in the snuff pot artery puncture group were significantly higher than those in the conventional radial artery puncture group [SBP (mmHg, 1 mmHg ≈ 0.133 kPa): 162.3±14.3 vs. 156.6±12.5, DBP (mmHg): 85.3±12.6 vs. 82.9±11.3, both P < 0.05]. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications such as arterial spasm, arterial occlusion, and pseudoaneurysm formation between the two groups. However, the incidence of hematoma formation in the snuff pot artery puncture group was significantly lower than that in the conventional radial artery puncture group (2.5% vs. 4.6%, P < 0.05). Based on the difficulty of arterial puncture, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender [odds ratio (OR) = 0.643, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.525-0.967], age (OR = 2.481, 95%CI was 1.442-4.268) and BMI (OR = 0.786, 95%CI was 0.570-0.825) were related factors that affect the outcome of arterial catheterization during anesthesia in patients undergoing elective surgery (all P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Catheterization through the snuff pot artery can be a new and feasible alternative to conventional arterial pressure measurement.
Subject(s)
Humans , Arterial Pressure/physiology , Feasibility Studies , Radial Artery/physiology , Prospective Studies , Tobacco, Smokeless , Catheterization, Peripheral , PuncturesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the correlation between the level of apoptosis protein 1 (c-IAP1) and the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells.Method The survival rate and proliferation of the lung cancer cells lines (A549,H460,H1299,H358,HCC827,H1650) from six human were detected by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and cell colony formation assay.The DNA damage effects of radiation on lung cancer cells were detected by comet assay.The expressions of c-IAP1 protein and its mRNA were determined by Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR.Results The results of MTT and colony formation showed that the radiosensitivity of different lung cancer cells was also different,among which H358 and H460 cells had the highest radiosensitivity than that of H1650 and HCC827 cells,and H1299 and A549 cells had the weakest radiosensitivity.The results of comet assay showed that six kinds of lung cancer cells were suffered by DNA damage after radiation,and the DNA damage of H358 cells was most serious.The results of Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR showed that the c-IAP1 protein level was negatively correlated with the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells.The higher the c-IAP1 protein level,the weaker the radiosensitivity of cells.The radiosensitivity was also affected by Smac protein levels.Conclusions c-IAP1 may be a selective target gene in mediating the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells and this paper may contribute to the study of radioresistance and radiosensitization of cancer cell.
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Objective To learn the quality of life (QOL) and mental health status of the physically disabled people in Zhejiang Province,in order to provide evidence for improving the quality of life and mental health of the physically disabled people.Methods Using questionnaires and interviews to make household surveys of 950 physically disabled people.The questionnaire included the brief quality of life scale (SF-36) and the general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) in the anxiety and depression scale,physical and mental health status.The basic information and other living conditions of physically disabled people were collected through interviews.Results A total of 907 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the effective response rate was 95.47%.Scores of QOL of 907 physically disabled people was 60.89,and anxiety and depression scores were more than 4 points and there was a high score on anxious and depression.The scores of quality of life,anxiety and depression were not statistically significant between males and females(P >0.05).There were significant differences in all dimensions of SF-36 and anxiety and depression in different levels of physically disabled people(P < 0.01).There was a significant negative correlation between the quality of life and anxiety and depression in physically disabled people(rs =-0.626、-0.639,P < 0.01).The multiple linear regression showed that physiological function,role physical,physical pain and general health were the influencing factors of anxiety of the physically disabled people,and role physical,physical pain and general health were the influencing factors of depression of the physically disabled people.Condusion The quality of life of physically disabled people were comparably poor,and presented anxiety,depression and other psychological problems.Physical function status directly affects the quality of life and mental health status.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between the level of apoptosis protein 1 (c-IAP1) and the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells.Method The survival rate and proliferation of the lung cancer cells lines (A549,H460,H1299,H358,HCC827,H1650) from six human were detected by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and cell colony formation assay.The DNA damage effects of radiation on lung cancer cells were detected by comet assay.The expressions of c-IAP1 protein and its mRNA were determined by Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR.Results The results of MTT and colony formation showed that the radiosensitivity of different lung cancer cells was also different,among which H358 and H460 cells had the highest radiosensitivity than that of H1650 and HCC827 cells,and H1299 and A549 cells had the weakest radiosensitivity.The results of comet assay showed that six kinds of lung cancer cells were suffered by DNA damage after radiation,and the DNA damage of H358 cells was most serious.The results of Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR showed that the c-IAP1 protein level was negatively correlated with the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells.The higher the c-IAP1 protein level,the weaker the radiosensitivity of cells.The radiosensitivity was also affected by Smac protein levels.Conclusions c-IAP1 may be a selective target gene in mediating the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells and this paper may contribute to the study of radioresistance and radiosensitization of cancer cell.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the long-term results of combination treatment with Gamma Knife radiosurgery and stereotactic intracavitary brachytherapy for mixed cystic and solid craniopharyngiomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-seven consecutive patients with mixed cystic and solid craniopharyngioma treated by Gamma Knife radiosurgery combined with stereotactic brachytherapy from October 1996 to December 2005 were selected for retrospective analysis. The inclusion criterion was the patients who survived for at least 5 years after combined treatment. There were 39 male and 28 female patients and the mean age was 31.5 years (ranged from 3 to 70 years). The clinical evaluations including neurological, neuro-ophthalmological, and neuro-endocrinological examinations, assessment of comprehensive quality of life and neuroimaging examinations were performed periodically. The actuarial survival rates and the mean survival time were calculated by using Kaplan-Meier product limit method. The rates were compared using the χ(2) test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Follow-up period varied from 60 to 168 months, with an average of 114 months. The tumor response rate gained from combination treatment with Gamma Knife radiosurgery and stereotactic intracavitary brachytherapy for predominantly solid and cystic craniopharyngiomas were 10/12 and 90.9% respectively, and 89.6% in all. Mean survival after combination treatment was (110 ± 9) months. The mean survival of patients with predominantly solid and cystic craniopharyngioma were (97 ± 12) months and (120 ± 14) months and the actuarial 10-year survival rates were 7/12 and 69.1%. There was no statistics difference in tumor response rate and 10-year survival rate between 2 groups of patients with predominantly solid and cystic craniopharyngioma. The actuarial 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- and 10-year survival rates were 90.5%, 85.7%, 83.3%, 76.4%, 69.4% and 60.0% respectively. The decreased visual acuity had improved in 68.3% at 6 months postoperatively and in 70.0% in long term results. Comprehensive quality of life in long term follow-up of 67 patients was excellent in 28 cases(41.8%), good in 19 cases(28.4%), fair in 17 cases(25.4%) and poor in 3 cases(4.5%), respectively. The side effects that occurred 6 to 12 months after treatment were worsening of visual acuity (4 patients), dysfunction of hypothalam (4 patients) and third nerve palsy was found in 1 patents 5 years after treatment. The rate of complications was 13.4%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combination treatment with Gamma Knife radiosurgery and stereotactic intracavitary brachytherapy is highly effective and safety in the treatment of mixed cystic and solid craniopharyngiomas.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Combined Modality Therapy , Craniopharyngioma , General Surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Pituitary Neoplasms , General Surgery , Radiosurgery , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment choice of patients with multiloculated pyogenic brain abscess (MLPBA).Methods The clinical data of 89 patients with pyogenic brain abscess (including 20 with MLPBA and 69 with uniloculated pyogenic brain abscess [ULPBA]) treated during the recent 21 years (1991-2011) were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Results MLPBA patients counted for 22.5% of our patients with pyogenic brain abscess.The male-female ratio,age distribution,history duration,location of abscess,kinds of isolated microorganisms,predisposing factors and clinical manifestations of patients with MCPAB were similar to those of patients with ULPBA.The ratio of positive isolated microorganism and ratio breaking into ventricles in patients with MLPBA were significantly higher than those in patients with ULPBA (P<0.05); and the average volume of abscess was 8.8 mL in patients with MLPBA and 13.3 mL in patients with ULPBA.A higher rate of abscess recurrence after stereotactic surgery in patients with MLPBA (26.7%) was found as compared with that in patients with ULPBA (3.2%).The mortality in patients with MLPBA was 0% and that in patients with ULPBA was 4.3%.Conclusion MLPBA is not rare; the volume of abscess in patients with MLPBA is significantly smaller than that in patients with ULPBA,but the abscess in patients with MLPBA is significantly easier broken into the ventricles than that of ULPBA.Stereotactic operation is the first treatment choice; the prognosis for patients with MLPBA can be as good as that for patients with ULPBA,although the possibility of recurrent abscess formation after surgery is higher.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of cerebral abscess caused by Candida albicans in premature infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 8 premature infants with central nervous system invasive fungal infection (IFI) were retrospectively studied. The infants underwent serial cerebral MRI scans (T1WI, T2WI and DWI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Candida albicans was found as pathogen in all of the 8 infants. Seven infants presented with cerebral abscess and 4 infants had concurrent meningitis. Widespread involvements were found on MRI, particular in white matter area of subcortex, centrum semiovale and periventricle. The MR imaging findings in 4 infants within 11 days after IFI showed diffusive and multiple miliary nodes and hyperintense signals on DWI, but obvious changes were not found on T1WI and T2WI. The most striking hyperintense signals on T1WI and hypointense signals on T2WI appeared between 2 and 4 weeks after IFI, and some nodes of rim-like hyperintensity and marked contrast enhancement were also noted on T1WI. Smaller and smaller changes of the miliary foci were seen on T1WI and T2WI 4 weeks later. Delayed myelination and thinner corpus callous were shown in 2 patients at three months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MRI-DWI and serial MRIs are helpful in the early diagnosis of candida cerebral abscess and the evaluation of treatment outcome in premature infants.</p>