ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-α-inducible protein 8-like 2(TIPE2)on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or interleukin-4(IL-4)-induced phenotypic switch of adipose tissue macrophages(ATM).Methods:The expression levels of TIPE2, inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1), CD206, and arginase 1(Arg-1)in the visceral adipose tissue of obese mice, TIPE2-knockout(KO)mice, and control mice were detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and real-time PCR(RT-qPCR). Peritoneal macrophages isolated from KO and wild-type mice and RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line were cultured, and then stimulated with LPS(100 ng/mL)or IL-4(20 ng/mL)for 6 hours. The expression levels of TIPE2, iNOS, MCP-1, CD206, and Arg-1 were detected by Western blotting and RT-qPCR.Results:Obese mice showed down-regulated TIPE2 expression, up-regulated pro-inflammatory markers iNOS and MCP-1 expressions, and down-regulated anti-inflammatory markers CD206 and Arg-1 expressions. LPS decreased the expression of TIPE2 in RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages from mice, increased the expression of the classically activated macrophages(M1 phenotype)markers iNOS and MCP-1, and decreased the expression of the substituting activated macrophages(M2 phenotype)markers CD206 and Arg-1. IL-4 increased the expression of TIPE2 in RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages, decreased the expression of iNOS and MCP-1, and increased the expression of CD206 and Arg-1. During the M1 polarization of macrophages, LPS increased toll-like receptor(TLR4)expression as well as nuclear transcription factor κBα suppressor protein(IκBα) and NF-κB phosphorylations in macrophages. Knockout of TIPE2 further increased the expression of the TLR4/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway and M1 macrophage markers, and further reduced the expression of the M2 macrophage markers.Conclusion:TIPE2 regulates ATM phenotypic transformation through inhibition of the TLR4/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway, which ameliorates adipose tissue inflammation in obese states.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To observe the clinical effect of escitalopram in the treatment of alcohol-dependent patients with depressive symptoms and its influence on social function recovery.@*Methods@#From January 2016 to December 2017, 80 alcohol-dependent patients with depressive symptoms in the Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou were selected and divided into two groups by random digital table method, with 40 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with escitalopram.The control group was treated with placebo for 2 months.The scores of depression, social dysfunction screening scale, quality of life and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#After treatment for 1 month and 2 months, the depression scores of the observation group were (15.02±2.23)points and (9.02±2.12)points, respectively, which were lower than those of the control group[(20.13±2.12)points, (15.24±2.15)points](t=10.504, 13.029, all P<0.05). After treatment for 1 month and 2 months, the scores of the screening scale for social functional defects in the observation group were (2.85±1.23)points and (0.89±0.52)points, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group[(4.13±1.62)points, (2.52±1.16)points](t=3.930, 8.110, all P<0.05). The scores of physical health, mental health, physical life, social function and total quality of life in the observation group were (87.47±5.69)points, (84.63±5.21)points, (87.16±5.24)points, (85.46±5.95)points and (86.12±5.95)points, respectively, which were higher than those of the control group[(79.58±5.93)points, (76.72±7.82)points, (79.28±5.57)points, (75.92±5.45)points, (78.46±5.85)points](t=5.995, 5.257, 6.435, 7.384, 5.733, all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Escitalopram in the treatment of alcohol-dependent patients with depressive symptoms has good effect, not only helps to improve the depression, but also helps to promote the recovery of social function of the patients, and the safety is relatively high.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the clinical effect of escitalopram in the treatment of alcohol -dependent patients with depressive symptoms and its influence on social function recovery .Methods From January 2016 to December 2017,80 alcohol -dependent patients with depressive symptoms in the Seventh People ＇s Hospital of Wenzhou were selected and divided into two groups by random digital table method ,with 40 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with escitalopram.The control group was treated with placebo for 2 months.The scores of depression,social dysfunction screening scale , quality of life and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment for 1 month and 2 months,the depression scores of the observation group were (15.02 ±2.23)points and (9.02 ±2.12)points,respectively,which were lower than those of the control group[(20.13 ±2.12) points,(15.24 ±2.15) points] ( t ＝10.504,13.029,all P ＜0.05).After treatment for 1 month and 2 months,the scores of the screening scale for social functional defects in the observation group were (2.85 ±1.23)points and (0.89 ±0.52)points,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group [(4.13 ± 1.62)points,(2.52 ±1.16)points]( t＝3.930,8.110,all P＜0.05).The scores of physical health ,mental health, physical life,social function and total quality of life in the observation group were (87.47 ±5.69) points,(84.63 ± 5.21)points,(87.16 ±5.24) points,(85.46 ±5.95) points and (86.12 ±5.95) points,respectively,which were higher than those of the control group [(79.58 ±5.93)points,(76.72 ±7.82)points,(79.28 ±5.57)points,(75.92 ± 5.45) points,(78.46 ±5.85) points] (t＝5.995,5.257,6.435,7.384,5.733,all P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Escitalopram in the treatment of alcohol -dependent patients with depressive symptoms has good effect ,not only helps to improve the depression,but also helps to promote the recovery of social function of the patients ,and the safety is relatively high.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the changes of event-related potentials (ERPs) in patients with intelligence impairments after craniocerebral trauma.Methods 60 patients with intelligence impairments after craniocerebral trauma were enrolled as case group,and 60 healthy subjects were enrolled as control group.EEG instrument was used to record P300 and P50 of the two groups and the differences in P300 and P50 components were compared.Results There are significant differences between case group and control group in latency of P300 ((440.430 ± 77.367) ms vs (342.928 ± 36.175) ms,P＜ 0.01),and case group showed decreased amplitude ((12.692±8.152) μV vs (18.138±6.590) μV,P＜0.01).The S2-P50 amplitude of case group was significantly higher than that of control group ((3.75± 1.59) μV vs (2.42±1.43) μV,P＜0.01).In addition,the S2-P50 amplitude/S1-P50 amplitude ratio of case group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (0.78±0.54 vs 0.46±0.18,P＜0.01).The latency and amplitude of P300 were significantly correlated with the total score of WAIS-RC (r=-0.31,P＜0.01;r=0.17,P＜0.01);The amplitude of S2-P50 and the ratio of S2-P50 amplitude to S1-P50 amplitude were significantly negatively correlated with the total score of WAIS-RC (r=-0.33,P＜0.01;r=-0.45,P＜0.01).Conclusion P300 and P50 components of ERP can provide references for judicial expertise to evaluate intelligence impairments after craniocerebral trauma.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a method of microbial limit tests for compound Hongjingtian oral liquid and to per-form the validation of the method.Methods The validation on the microbial limit test method was conducted according to the counting method of bacteria,mycetes and yeasts and the control bacteria test method stated in the appendix of China pharmaco-poeia (2010 edition).Results The recoveries were over 70% when culture diluting method was used for staphylococcus aureus and routine test method was used for Escherichiacoli,Bacillus subtilis,Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger.In the test of positive control bacteria,the growth was detected,while the negative control was no growth detected.Conclusion The micro-bial limit test for compound Hongjingtian oral liquid is validated in this study.The amount of staphylococcus aureus can be de-termined using diluted culture method ;while the amounts of Escherichiacoli,Bacillus subtilis,Candida albicans,Aspergillus niger can be determined by conventional method.