ABSTRACT
We performed a genome-wide association study of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by genotyping 1,077 individuals with ESCC and 1,733 control subjects of Chinese Han descent. We selected 18 promising SNPs for replication in an additional 7,673 cases of ESCC and 11,013 control subjects of Chinese Han descent and 303 cases of ESCC and 537 control subjects of Chinese Uygur-Kazakh descent. We identified two previously unknown susceptibility loci for ESCC: PLCE1 at 10q23 (P(Han combined for ESCC) = 7.46 x 10(-56), odds ratio (OR) = 1.43; P(Uygur-Kazakh for ESCC) = 5.70 x 10(-4), OR = 1.53) and C20orf54 at 20p13 (P(Han combined for ESCC) = 1.21 x 10(-11), OR = 0.86; P(Uygur-Kazakh for ESCC) = 7.88 x 10(-3), OR = 0.66). We also confirmed association in 2,766 cases of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma cases and the same 11,013 control subjects (PLCE1, P(Han for GCA) = 1.74 x 10(-39), OR = 1.55 and C20orf54, P(Han for GCA) = 3.02 x 10(-3), OR = 0.91). PLCE1 and C20orf54 have important biological implications for both ESCC and GCA. PLCE1 might regulate cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. C20orf54 is responsible for transporting riboflavin, and deficiency of riboflavin has been documented as a risk factor for ESCC and GCA.
Subject(s)
Asian People/genetics , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics , Genetic Loci , Membrane Proteins/genetics , Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C/genetics , Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/ethnology , Case-Control Studies , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20 , Esophageal Neoplasms/ethnology , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genome-Wide Association Study , Humans , Male , Membrane Transport Proteins , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/physiologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of custom-made key-key attachment in restoration of maxillofacial defect. METHODS: Using key-key attachment, facial prostheses and intraoral prostheses were combined to restore dentition, maxilla and right facial defects in a female patient. RESULTS: Good retention of maxillofacial prostheses and intraoral prostheses were obtained. The appearance of the patient was remarkably improved. The function of mastication was improved. CONCLUSIONS: Good result can be obtained by using custom-made key-key attachment in restoration of complex maxillofacial defect. Supported by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(Grant No.T0202).