Contribution of mono- and co-culture of Pseudomonas paralactis, Acinetobacter MN21 and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to the spoilage of chill-stored lamb.

Exploring the contribution of common microorganisms to spoilage is of great significance in inhibiting spoilage in lamb. This work investigated the extent of protein degradation and profile changes of free amino acids (FAAs), free fatty acids (FFAs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in lamb caused by single- and co-culture of the common aerobic spoilage bacteria, P. paralactis, Ac. MN21 and S. maltophilia. Meanwhile, some key VOCs produced by the three bacteria during lamb spoilage were also screened by orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis and difference value in VOCs content between inoculated groups and sterile group. Lamb inoculated with P. paralactis had the higher total viable counts, pH, total volatile base nitrogen and TCA-soluble peptides than those with the other two bacteria. Some FAAs and FFAs could be uniquely degraded by P. paralactis but not Ac. MN21 and S. maltophilia, such as Arg, Glu, C15:0, C18:0 and C18:1n9t. Co-culture of the three bacteria significantly promoted the overall spoilage, including bacterial growth, proteolysis and lipolysis. Key VOCs produced by P. paralactis were 2, 3-octanedione, those by Ac. MN21 were 1-octanol, octanal, hexanoic acid, 1-pentanol and hexanoic acid methyl ester, and that by S. maltophilia were hexanoic acid. The production of extensive key-VOCs was significantly and negatively correlated with C20:0, C23:0 and C18:ln9t degradation. This study can provide a basis for inhibiting common spoilage bacteria and promoting high-quality processing of fresh lamb.

Effects of different cold chain logistics modes on the quality and bacterial community succession of fresh pork.

The connection and temperature control of cold chain links are key to ensuring meat quality. Considering the practical production of cold chain logistics in China, this study investigated the impact of various cold chain logistics modes (including warehousing, transportation, and sales conditions) at different temperature settings (7 °C, 4 °C, and - 1 °C), modeled in the laboratory, on the quality and bacterial community succession of pork. The pork quality was evaluated by pH, water holding capacity, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), total viable count (TVC) and myowater status. Among the different cold chain logistics modes, the LL1 (samples being warehoused and transported at 4 °C for 96 h and sold at -1 °C) and the SL1 (samples being warehoused and transported at 4 °C for 30 h and sold at -1 °C) modes were suitable for inter-provincial and intra-provincial transportation due to their long shelf life (> 14 days), respectively. The bacterial community succession of pork in different cold chain logistics modes was accessed by high-throughput sequencing. The results indicated that the cold chain logistics modes had affected the bacterial community, with Latilactobacillus being the dominant bacteria in the LL1 mode and SL1 mode during spoilage. The study revealed that the entire or partial process supercooling treatment (-1 °C) during the cold chain logistics process could effectively preserve the meat quality, supporting the high-quality development of the fresh meat cold chain logistics.

Zein and tannic acid hybrid particles improving physical stability, controlled release properties, and antimicrobial activity of cinnamon essential oil loaded Pickering emulsions.

Pickering emulsion loading essential oil has demonstrated a promising strategy as delivery system in food preservation, but localization in stability and antimicrobial activity limits application. In this study, Pickering emulsions co-loaded with tannic acid and cinnamon essential oil (ZTC) have been developed based on zein and tannic acid complexes (ZT) mediated interfacial engineering. Fourier transform infrared, fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular docking results indicated tannic acid altered the structural of zein. Interfacial tension results indicated that tannic acid accelerated the adsorbed speed of zein particles by decreased interfacial tension (11.99-9.96 mN/m). ZT5 formed a viscoelastic and dense layer in oil-water interface than that for other ZTs, which improved stability and control release performance of ZTC. Furthermore, the ZTC showed an effective antimicrobial activity against spoilage organisms Pseudomonad paralactis MN10 and Lactobacillus sakei VMR17. These findings provide new insight for developing co-loaded multiple antimicrobial agents within Pickering emulsion as a delivery system.

Overexpression of SPP1 is a prognostic indicator of immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: The extracellular phosphoprotein, secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), plays a crucial role in various tumors and regulating the immune system. This study aimed to evaluate its prognostic value and relationship to immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS: In the TCGA and GEO datasets, the information on clinic and transcriptome analysis of SPP1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was examined accordingly. The association of SPP1 expression with overall survival and clinicopathologic characteristics was investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis. CancerSEA database was utilized to investigate the role of SPP1 at the cellular level by single-cell analysis. Additionally, the CIBERSORT algorithm was utilized to assess the correlation among the immune cells that infiltrated. RESULTS: NSCLC tissues exhibited a notable rise in SPP1 expression compared with that of normal tissues. Furthermore, the overexpression of SPP1 was substantially associated with clinicopathological features and unfavorable survival outcomes in individuals with LUAD, whereas no such correlation was observed in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Immune cells that infiltrate tumors and their corresponding genes were associated with SPP1 expression levels in LUAD. CONCLUSIONS: SPP1 is a reliable indicator for assessing LUAD immune infiltration status and prognosis. With this approach, SPP1 can help earlier LUAD diagnosis and act as a possible immunotherapy target.

How to survive the long night? Longitudinal relationship between sleep problems and suicidal behavior among adolescents: The serial mediating roles of negative emotion, self-control, and nonsuicidal self-injury.

OBJECTIVE: Sleep problems are a significant risk factor for identifying and preventing suicidal involvement among adolescents. However, there is limited evidence to assess the underlying mechanisms between them. This study investigated the longitudinal relationship between sleep problems and suicidal behavior and examined whether this relationship was moderated by negative emotions, low self-control, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). METHODS: From December 2020 onward, we assessed 1214 Chinese secondary school adolescents (60.7% were boys, aged 13-19 years) three times, 6 months apart. RESULTS: In the direct effects model, sleep problems were found to have a positive impact on adolescent suicidal behavior. In the indirect effects model, we observed that sleep problems were associated with an elevated risk of suicidal behavior through several pathways: one-mediator path of negative emotions, low self-control, and NSSI, respectively; two-mediator path of negative emotions via low self-control, negative emotions via NSSI, and low self-control via NSSI, and three-mediator path from negative emotions to NSSI via low self-control. CONCLUSIONS: This longitudinal study provides evidence that sleep problems in adolescents may increase suicidal behavior by exacerbating negative emotions, weakening self-control, and promoting NSSI. The findings suggest sleep problems should be addressed in suicide prevention and intervention efforts for adolescents.

Effect of acupuncture at neck-Jiaji (EX-B 2) and tuina on the cognitive function in the patients with subjective cognitive decline. / é’ˆåˆºé¢ˆå¤¹è„Šç©´è”åˆæŽ¨æ‹¿å¯¹ä¸»è§‚è®¤çŸ¥ä¸‹é™æ‚£è€ è®¤çŸ¥åŠŸèƒ½çš„å½±å“.

OBJECTIVES: To observe the effects on cognitive function, sleep quality and hemodynamics in the patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) after treated with acupuncture at neck-Jiaji (EX-B 2) and tuina on the base of healthy lifestyle education and meta-memory training. METHODS: Sixty SCD patients were randomly divided into an observation group (30 cases, 1 case dropped out) and a control group (30 cases, 3 cases dropped out). In the control group, the healthy lifestyle education and meta-memory training was performed, twice daily, 15 min each time; the 5-day intervention was delivered a week, lasting consecutively 4 weeks. On the base of the intervention as the control group, in the observation group, acupuncture at neck-Jiaji (EX-B 2) and tuina was conducted. First, one-finger pushing and plucking method of tuina was exerted on the neck region along the running courses of the bladder meridian of foot-taiyang and the governor vessel, for 10 min to 15 min; afterwards, acupuncture was delivered at bilateral neck-Jiaji (EX-B 2), from C1 to C7; and the needles were retained for 30 min. This intervention was given once daily, 5 times a week, for consecutive 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the score of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), the score of full scale memory quotient (FSMQ) were assessed by Wechsler memory scale-fourth edition (WMS-Ⅳ) and the score of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was compared between the two groups. Using transcranial Doppler ultrasound, the hemodynamic indexes (the mean velocity [Vm] and pulsatility index [PI] of the left vertebral artery [LVA], the right vertebral artery [RVA] and the basilar artery [BA]) were determined in the two groups. RESULTS: After treatment, the scores of MMSE and FSMQ increased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05, P<0.001), PSQI score was lower (P<0.05) and Vm of BA was higher (P<0.001) in the observation group when compared with those before treatment. The scores of MMSE and FSMQ, as well as Vm of BA were higher (P<0.05, P<0.001), and PSQI score was decreased (P<0.05) in the observation group when compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The combined therapy of acupuncture at neck-Jiaji (EX-B 2) and tuina is more advantageous to improving cognitive function, relieving chronic emotional stress and ameliorating sleeping quality in the patients with subjective cognitive decline, which may be achieved by improving the blood supply of the basilar artery.

A novel C-type lectin (SpccCTL) suppresses MCRV replication by binding viral protein and regulating antiviral peptides in Scylla paramamosain.

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in the recognition and activation of innate immune responses against invading microorganisms. This study characterizes a novel C-type lectin (CTL), SpccCTL. The cDNA sequence of SpccCTL has a full length of 1744 bp encoding a 338-amino acid protein. The predicted protein contains a signal peptide, a coiled-coil (CC) domain, and a CLECT domain. It shares more than 50 % similarity with a few CTLs with a CC domain in crustaceans. SpccCTL is highly expressed in gills and hemocytes and upregulated after MCRV challenge, suggesting that it may be involved in antiviral immunity. Recombinant SpccCTL (rSpccCTL) as well as two capsid proteins of MCRV (VP11 and VP12) were prepared. Pre-incubating MCRV virions with rSpccCTL significantly suppresses the proliferation of MCRV in mud crabs, compared with the control (treatment with GST protein), and the survival rate of mud crabs is also significantly decreased. Knockdown of SpccCTL significantly facilitates the proliferation of MCRV in mud crabs. These results reveal that SpccCTL plays an important role in antiviral immune response. GST pull-down assay result shows that rSpccCTL interacts specifically with VP11, but not to VP12. This result is further confirmed by a Co-IP assay. In addition, we found that silencing SpccCTL significantly inhibits the expression of four antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Considering that these AMPs are members of anti-lipopolysaccharide factor family with potential antiviral activity, they are likely involved in immune defense against MCRV. Taken together, these findings clearly demonstrate that SpccCTL can recognize MCRV by binding viral capsid protein VP11 and regulate the expression of certain AMPs, suggesting that SpccCTL may function as a potential PRR playing an essential role in anti-MCRV immunity of mud crab. This study provides new insights into the antiviral immunity of crustaceans and the multifunctional characteristics of CTLs.

Harsh Childhood Discipline and Developmental Changes in Adolescent Aggressive Behavior: The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion.

Harsh discipline during childhood (psychological aggression and corporal punishment) has been found to be an early risk factor for adolescent aggressive behavior. However, previous studies have mainly examined the relationship between harsh discipline as a whole and the level of adolescent aggressive behavior. This study investigates the effects of childhood psychological aggression and corporal punishment on the initial levels and rate of change in adolescent aggressive behavior, as well as the mediating role of self-compassion in this relationship. Using cluster sampling, a three-wave follow-up assessment was conducted on 1214 high-school students (60.7% boys; mean age at Wave 1 = 15.46 ± 0.71). The results showed that childhood psychological aggression and corporal punishment had a positive predictive effect on the development level of adolescent aggressive behavior. However, only childhood psychological aggression significantly directly attenuated the decline rate of adolescent aggressive behavior. In addition, both childhood psychological aggression and corporal punishment indirectly affected the initial levels and growth rate of adolescent aggressive behavior through self-compassion. These findings could provide potential targets for prevention and intervention programs aimed at improving aggressive behavior in Chinese adolescents.

Ze-Qi decoction inhibits non-small cell lung cancer growth and metastasis by modulating the PI3K/Akt/p53 signaling pathway.

Background: The Ze-Qi decoction (ZQD) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula commonly applied to treat lung cancer in China. This study aimed to assess the effective ingredients and molecular mechanisms of ZQD in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on network pharmacology combined with experimental validation. Methods: Network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and molecular docking analyses were conducted to explore the mechanism of ZQD for treating NSCLC, which was further confirmed by animal experiments. Results: In total, 117 bioactive ingredients and 499 target proteins of ZQD were identified. Network pharmacology revealed 7 core active ingredients and 74 core target proteins. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that the PI3K/Akt and p53 signaling pathways may be crucial in NSCLC treatment. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the seven crucial bioactive ingredients complexed with PI3K, Akt, and p53. The animal experiment results validated that ZQD treatment promoted cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, thereby inhibiting NSCLC growth and metastasis. Furthermore, ZQD treatment caused a significant increase in p53 and Bax, while leading to a distinct reduction in p-PI3K (Tyr317), p-Akt (Ser473), VEGFA, CD31, MMP2, MMP9, Bcl2, and CDK2. Conclusions: ZQD inhibited the growth and metastasis of NSCLC subcutaneous tumors in C57BL/6J mice via the PI3K/Akt/p53 signaling pathway.

In situ sprayed hydrogels containing resiquimod-loaded liposomes reduce chronic osteomyelitis recurrence by intracellular bacteria clearance.

At present, surgical debridement and systematic administration of antibiotics represent the mainstay of treatment for chronic osteomyelitis. However, it is now understood that Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) can survive within excessively polarized M2 macrophages and evade antibiotics, accounting for the high recurrence of chronic osteomyelitis. Effective treatments for intracellular infection have rarely been reported. Herein, we designed an in situ sprayed liposomes hydrogels spray with macrophage-targeted effects and the ability to reverse polarization and eradicate intracellular bacteria to reduce the recurrence of osteomyelitis. Resiquimod (R848)-loaded and phosphatidylserine (PS)-coating nanoliposomes were introduced into fibrinogen and thrombin to form the PSL-R848@Fibrin spray. Characterization and phagocytosis experiments were performed to confirm the successful preparation of the PSL-R848@Fibrin spray. Meanwhile, in vitro cell experiments validated its ability to eliminate intracellular S. aureus by reprogramming macrophages from the M2 to the M1 phenotype. Additionally, we established a chronic osteomyelitis rat model to simulate the treatment and recurrence process. Histological analysis demonstrated a significant increase in M1 macrophages and the elimination of intracellular bacteria. Imaging revealed a significant decrease in osteomyelitis recurrence. Overall, the liposome hydrogels could target macrophages to promote antibacterial properties against intracellular infection and reduce the recurrence of chronic osteomyelitis, providing the foothold for improving the outcomes of this patient population. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chronic osteomyelitis remains a high recurrence although undergoing traditional treatment of debridement and antibiotics. S. aureus can survive within the excessively polarized M2 macrophages to evade the effects of antibiotics. However, few studies have sought to investigate effective intracellular bacteria eradication. Herein, we designed a macrophage-targeted R848-containing liposomes fibrin hydrogels spray (PSL-R848@Fibrin) that can reprogram polarization of macrophages and eradicate intracellular bacteria for osteomyelitis treatment. With great properties of rapid gelation, strong adhesion, high flexibility and fit-to-shape capacity, the facile-operated immunotherapeutic in-situ-spray fibrin hydrogels exhibited huge promise of reversing polarization and fighting intracellular infections. Importantly, we revealed a hitherto undocumented treatment strategy for reducing the recurrence of chronic osteomyelitis and potentially improving the prognosis of chronic osteomyelitis patients.

3D ZnII-Based coordination polymer: Synthesis, structure and fluorescent sensing property for nitroaromatic compounds.

A water-stable ZnII-based coordination polymer (CP) with excellent photophysical behavior, namely [Zn2L(atez)(H2O)2] (compound 1; H3L = 4-(2',3'-dicarboxylphenoxy); atez = 5-aminotetrazole), was successfully prepared by the solvothermal reaction of Zn ions with a π-conjugated and semi-rigid multicarboxylate ligand H3L in the presence of N-containing linker atez. Compound 1 displays a hierarchically pillared three-dimensional (3D) (3,4,5)-connected (4·62) (42·64) (43·64·83) net which is based on two-dimensional (2D) multicarboxylate- ZnII layers strutted by the atez ligands. Sensing investigations of compound 1 reveal that this material can selectively and sensitively detect nitroaromatic compounds in water suspension through fluorescence quenching effect. In particular, it is worth noting that it shows highly specific detection of nitrobenzene (NB) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) with remarkable quenching constants (KSV = 7.5 × 104 M-1 for NB and KSV = 1.9 × 105 M-1 for TNP) and low limit of detection (LOD = 0.93 µM for NB and LOD = 0.36 µM for TNP). Investigations reveal that the probable mechanisms for such sensing processes are the concurrent presence of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) as well as photoinduced electron transfer (PET) between the CP and nitroaromatic molecules. This work not only offers an effective route to improve the application of fluorescent CPs but also provide one novel probable fluorescence probe for nitroaromatic compounds.

Multifunctional Cd-CP for fluorescence sensing of Cr(VI), MnO4-, acetylacetone and ascorbic acid in aqueous solutions.

The development of multifunctional fluorescent chemosensors for the detection of multiple targets remains challenging but of great importance. In this paper, one novel coordination polymer (CP), denoted as [Cd2(edda)(phen)2]∙H2O (compound 1, H4edda = 5,5' (ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy)) diisophthalic acid, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) is successfully designed and prepared under hydrothermal conditions. Structural analysis indicates that compound 1 possesses a one-dimensional (1D) double chain structure, then self-assembles into a three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular framework via π…π interactions between phen molecules. Interestingly, compound 1 is found to be tolerant in wide range of acidic to alkaline aqueous solutions (pH = 2-13). Fluorescent spectral investigations reveal that compound 1 exhibits highly selective and sensitive fluorescence responses toward MnO4-, Cr(VI) ions, acetylacetone (acac) and ascorbic acid (AA) by fluorescence quenching in the aqueous phase. The detection limits are in the very low range, reaching µM level for the detection of MnO4-, Cr(VI) ions, nM for AA and ppm for acac detection. The distinguished multi-responsive performance suggests compound 1 to be a potential multifunctional probe. Furthermore, the possible quenching mechanisms have also been systematically investigated in this work.

Development of a recombinant adenovirus-vectored vaccine against both infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) are typical pathogens of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, and the concurrent infection of the two viruses is very common among modern trout hatcheries, which has caused huge economic losses to the rainbow trout farming industry. To prevent and control the spread of IHNV and IPNV in juvenile trout simultaneously, in this study a bivalent recombinant adenovirus vaccine with IHNV Glycoprotein (G) and IPNV VP2 genes was developed. After immunizing juvenile trout with this bivalent vaccine via the immersion route, the expression levels of IHNV G and IPNV VP2 and the representative immune genes in vaccinated and control rainbow trout were tested to evaluate the correlation of immune responses with the expression of viral genes. The neutralizing antibody level induced by this bivalent vaccine as well as the protection efficacy of the vaccine against IHNV and IPNV was also evaluated. The results showed that IHNV G and IPNV VP2 were successfully expressed in juvenile trout, and all the innate and adaptive immune genes were up-regulated. This indicated that the level of the innate and adaptive immune responses were significantly increased, which might be induced by the high expression of the two viral proteins. Compared with the controls, high levels of neutralizing antibodies against IHNV and IPNV were induced in the vaccinated trout. Besides, the bivalent recombinant adenovirus vaccine showed high protection rate against IHNV, with the relative percent survival (RPS) of 81.25%, as well as against IPNV, with the RPS of 78.95%. Taken together, our findings clearly demonstrated that replication-defective adenovirus can be developed as a qualified vector for fish vaccines and IHNV G and IPNV VP2 were two suitable antigenic genes that could induce effective immune protection against these two pathogens. This study provided new insights into developing bivalent vectored vaccines and controlling the spread of IHNV and IPNV simultaneously in juvenile trout.

A water-stable dual-responsive Cd-CP for fluorometric recognition of hypochlorite and acetylacetone in aqueous media.

One novel cadmium(II)-coordination polymer [Cd3L2(datrz)(H2O)3] (CP 1) is controllably synthesized by surmising the astute combination of semi-rigid tricarboxylate acid 4-(2',3'-dicarboxylphenoxy) benzoic acid (H3L) and auxiliary ligand 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole (datrz). Structure analysis shows that CP 1 has a two-dimensional (2D) layer structure with a 5-nodal (43) (44·62) (45·64·8) (45·6) (47·66·82) topology. Further investigations reveal that CP 1 shows superordinary water stability and good thermal stability. The fluorescent explorations suggest that the as-synthesized CP 1 could emit blue light centered at 485 nm, attributing to ligand-based emission. In terms of sensing investigations, CP 1 could act as a fluorescent sensor for detecting hypochlorite (ClO-) and acetylacetone (acac) through fluorescence turn-off process in aqueous solution, and the detection limit could reach 0.18 µM and 0.056 µM, respectively. Further research reveals that it is more likely the N-H···O-Cl hydrogen bonds between -NH2 groups of the triazole ligands and O atoms of ClO- plays the key role in the system, which may serve as a bridge for the energy transfer, leading to fluorescence quenching of the chemosensor. While the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) combined with inner filter effect (IFT) should be responsible for the turn-off fluorescence of CP 1 triggered by acac.

Phagocytosis-Regulators-Based Signature to Predict the Prognosis and Chemotherapy Resistance for Breast Cancer Patients.

Phagocytosis is crucial in tumor surveillance and immune function. The association between phagocytosis and the outcomes of breast cancer patients has not been well-determined. In this study, data were downloaded from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus (GEO) databases to investigate the role of phagocytosis in breast cancer. Data from the TCGA and GEO databases were used to investigate the prognostic role of phagocytosis in breast cancer. Then, we performed pathway enrichment analysis, copy number variation (CNV) and single-nucleotide variant (SNV) analyses, immune infiltration analysis, calculation of tumor purity, stromal score, and immune score, and consistent clustering. We also constructed a phagocytosis-regulators-based signature system to examine its association in survival and drug response. The genomic and expression differences in the phagocytosis regulators in breast cancer were systematically analyzed, explaining the widespread dysregulation of phagocytosis regulators. Using the investigated association of phagocytosis regulators with the prognosis and tumor immune environment, we constructed a prognostic model based on phagocytosis regulators. We discovered that patients with high risk scores had a poor prognosis and were negatively associated with immune functions. The model had preferential predictive performance and significantly consistent drug-resistance prediction results. Our findings suggest that the phagocytosis-factors-based scoring system can be used as a novel prognostic factor, serving as a powerful reference tool for predicting prognosis and developing methods against drug resistance.

Preparation of double-yolk egg-like nanoreactor: Enhanced catalytic activity in Fenton-like reaction and insight on confinement effect.

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based Fenton-like reaction is an effective technique for the pollutant degradation, and the Co-based metal organic frameworks displayed the excellent activity for the PMS activation. Nevertheless, how to further improve the catalytic activity, suppress the leaching of toxic cobalt ions, and realize the rapid separation were still challenges for practical application. In this work, a novel solution was proposed: encapsulating Fe3O4 and Prussian blue analogue (PBA) into the polypyrrole (PPy) shell and constructing a "double-yolk egg-like" Fe3O4/PBA@PPy as a nanoreactor. In Fe3O4/PBA@PPy-10, the catalytic performance was remarkably enhanced with the help of confinement effect, and the degradation rate (0.38 L·min·mol-1) was 5.1 times than that of reference Fe3O4/PBA-10 (0.074 L·min·mol-1). In addition, the concentration of leached cobalt ions was reduced to only 0.174 mg/L by the protective function from the PPy shell. Moreover, the nanoreactor could be magnetically separated from the reaction solution due to the encapsulation of Fe3O4 nanospheres, and 84.5% of activity still preserved after the 4th cycle. The main active species involved in Fe3O4/PBA@PPy-10 system was 1O2, while that in reference Fe3O4/PBA-10 system was OH. Electron spin resonance analysis and radical trapping experiment revealed that the different catalytic mechanisms were attributed to the confinement effect inside the hollow cavity. This work not only presents a feasible way to prepare rarely-reported double-yolk egg-like nanoreactor, but also provides a new insight to solve the bottlenecks in Fenton-like reaction.

Effect of Intensive Psychological Care on Patients with Benign Breast Lumps after Mammotome-Assisted Tumor Resection.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of intensive psychological care on patients with benign breast lumps after Mammotome-assisted tumor resection. Methods: A total of 160 patients with benign breast lumps diagnosed and treated in our hospital between May 2019 and January 2021 were recruited and divided into a study group (n = 80) and a control group (n = 80) via the random number table method. All patients received Mammotome-assisted tumor resection. Patients in the control group received conventional nursing, and those in the study group received intensive psychological care. The outcome measure included quality of life of patients, psychological states, treatment compliance, and nursing satisfaction. Results: The differences in the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) scores, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores, and Morisky scores between the two groups were not significant before the intervention (p > 0.05). The FACT-G scores improved in both groups after the intervention, with higher results in the study group than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Patients in the study group showed a significantly greater reduction in the SAS and HAMD scores than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Intensive psychological care used in the study group resulted in significantly higher compliance scores in the body mass control, medication compliance, exercise compliance, and dietary compliance versus conventional care for the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Intensive psychological care provides satisfactory outcomes in patients with benign breast lumps after Mammotome-assisted tumor resection. It effectively improves the quality of life of patients, relieves their negative emotions, and strengthens treatment compliance and patient satisfaction, which shows good potential for clinical promotion.

A simple and green method to prepare non-typical yolk/shell nanoreactor with dual-shells and multiple-cores: Enhanced catalytic activity and stability in Fenton-like reaction.

Nowadays, non-typical yolk/shell structure has drawn much attentions due to the better catalytic performance than traditional counterparts (one yolk/one shell). In this study, ZIF-67 @Co2SiO4/SiO2 yolk/shell structure was prepared in one-step at room temperature, in which ZIF-67 was served as the hard-template, H2O was served as etchant and tetraethyl orthosilicat was served as the raw material for Co2SiO4/SiO2. After calcination, the non-typical CoxOy @Co2SiO4/SiO2 yolk/shell nanoreactor with Co2SiO4/SiO2 dual-shells and CoxOy multiple-cores was obtained. On the one hand, more active sites were exposed on multiple-cores surface and better protection were provided by dual-shells. On the other hand, the sheet-like Co2SiO4 inner shell not only extended the travel path and retention time of pollutants trapped in cavity, but also separated the multiple-cores from aggregation. Therefore, the nanoreactor displayed the outstanding catalytic activity and recyclability in Fenton-like reaction. Metronidazole (20 mg/L) was completely degraded after 30 min, rhodamine B (50 mg/L) and methyl orange (20 mg/L) were removed even within 5.0 min. Catalytic mechanism indicated that 1O2 greatly contributed to the pollutant degradation. This paper presented a simple, versatile, green and energy-saving method for non-typical yolk/shell nanoreactor, and it could inspire to prepare other catalysts with high activity and stability for environmental remediation.

Synergistic oxygen vacancy-rich CuO/visible light activation of peroxymonosulfate for degradation of rhodamine B: fast catalyst synthesis and degradation mechanism.

This work outlines the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-SC) loaded with a number of oxygen vacancies by a fast sodium citrate assisted precipitation method with no need of calcination. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, time-resolved fluorescence lifetime and electrochemical impedance spectra were used to characterize the as-synthesized nanocomposites. The results indicated that the CuO-SC nanoparticles had regular fusiform shape with high surface area, wide light harvesting window, fast charge transport and high carrier concentration. As a result, the catalytic activity of the CuO-SC/peroxymonosulfate (PMS)/visible light (Vis) system for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) was much higher than that of as-prepared CuO nano powder in the absence of sodium citrate. Almost 98.0% of the initial RhB dyes was decomposed in 20 min with 0.12 g L-1 PMS and 0.3 g L-1 catalyst. Meantime, it exhibited high catalytic stability with little deactivation after four runs and a wide application range of pH. Moreover, RhB can be readily degraded with backgrounds of Cl-, NO3 -, SO4 2-, HCO3 - and low concentration of humic acid in a CuO-SC/PMS/Vis system. Combined with the results of electron spin resonance paramagnetic spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and radical quenching experiments, holes, superoxide radicals and a small amount of sulfate radicals, hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen were involved in the CuO-SC/PMS/Vis system. Furthermore, a possible degradation mechanism based on the synergistic effect of radical reaction and non-radical reaction was proposed based on the above results.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiB2/AlSi7Mg0.6 Composites Fabricated by Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing Based on Cold Metal Transfer (WAAM-CMT).

Wire and arc additive manufacturing based on cold metal transfer (WAAM-CMT), as a kind of clean and advanced technology, has been widely researched recently. It was analyzed in detail for the microstructure and mechanical properties of WAAM-CMT printed TiB2/AlSi7Mg0.6 samples fore-and-aft heat treatment in this study. Compared with the grain size of casted AlSi7Mg0.6 samples (252 µm), the grain size of WAAM-CMT printed AlSi7Mg0.6 samples (53.4 µm) was refined, showing that WAAM-CMT process could result in significant grain refinement. Besides, the grain size of WAAM-CMT printed TiB2/AlSi7Mg0.6 samples was about 35 µm, revealing that the addition of TiB2 particles played a role in grain refinement. Nevertheless, the grain size distribution was not uniform, showing a mixture of fine grain and coarse grain, and the mechanical properties were anisotropic of the as-printed samples. This study shows that T6 heat treatment is an efficient way to improve the nonuniform microstructure and eliminate the anisotropy in mechanical properties.