Effects of running combined with muscular training of the abdominal core / Efeitos da corrida aliada ao treinamento muscular do centro abdominal / Efectos de la carrera combinada con el entrenamiento muscular del núcleo abdominal

ABSTRACT Introduction: Running has specific effects on different areas of the human body, and the sagittal angular variation of the hip, knee, and ankle joints is widely explored. In addition to accelerating body metabolism, it can also improve body shape. Recent studies have revealed that running can also improve athletes' muscular strength of the abdominal core. Objective: Explore the effects of running combined with muscle training on the abdominal center strength of athletes. Methods: It investigated the effects of 3 different running intensities on athletes' abdominal core muscle strength. Computerized kinematic motion capture technology was used to measure the impacts of running on 18 young volunteers. The sagittal planes of the hip, knee, and ankle joints were evaluated. Abdominal center muscle strength was assessed during running. Results: Running particularly affected the combined contraction rate of the tibial, gluteal, and soleus muscles. The correlation between speed, muscle activation, and joint angle was also analyzed. Conclusion: Athletes tend to adjust the angle and frequency of joint movements to reduce fatigue. It was noted can have the ability to control muscle strength in different regions of the abdominal core. The research results establish a theoretical basis for the effectiveness of abdominal core muscle strength performance in athletes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: A corrida tem efeitos específicos em distintas áreas do corpo humano e a variação angular sagital das articulações do quadril, joelho e tornozelo são amplamente exploradas. Além de acelerar o metabolismo corporal, também pode melhorar a forma corporal e alguns estudos recentes revelaram que a corrida também pode melhorar a força muscular do centro abdominal dos atletas. Objetivo: Explorar os efeitos da corrida aliada ao treinamento muscular sobre a força do centro abdominal dos atletas. Métodos: Investigou-se os efeitos de 3 diferentes intensidades de corrida sobre a força muscular do centro abdominal dos atletas. Foi utilizada a tecnologia de captura de movimento cinemática computadorizada para medir os impactos da corrida sobre 18 jovens voluntários. Os planos sagitais das articulações do quadril, joelho e tornozelo foram avaliados. A força muscular do centro abdominal foi avaliada durante a corrida. Resultados: A corrida afetou particularmente o índice combinado de contração dos músculos tibial, glúteo e sóleo. A correlação entre velocidade, ativação muscular e ângulo articular também foi analisada. Conclusão: Os atletas tendem a ajustar o ângulo e a frequência de movimentos articulares para reduzir a fadiga. Notou-se que os atletas também tem a capacidade de controlar a força muscular em diferentes regiões do centro abdominal. Os resultados da pesquisa estabelecem uma base teórica para a eficácia do desempenho de força muscular do centro abdominal nos atletas. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: Correr tiene efectos específicos en diferentes áreas del cuerpo humano y la variación angular sagital de las articulaciones de la cadera, la rodilla y el tobillo son ampliamente exploradas. Además de acelerar el metabolismo, también puede mejorar la forma del cuerpo y algunos estudios recientes revelaron que correr también puede mejorar la fuerza muscular del núcleo abdominal en los atletas. Objetivo: Explorar los efectos de la carrera combinada con el entrenamiento muscular en la fuerza del núcleo abdominal de los atletas. Métodos: Investigamos los efectos de 3 intensidades de carrera diferentes en la fuerza muscular del centro abdominal de los atletas. Se utilizó la tecnología de captura del movimiento cinemático por ordenador para medir los impactos de la carrera en 18 jóvenes voluntarios. Se evaluaron los planos sagitales de las articulaciones de la cadera, la rodilla y el tobillo. Se evaluó la fuerza muscular del núcleo abdominal durante la carrera. Resultados: Correr afectó especialmente a la tasa de contracción combinada de los músculos tibiales, glúteos y sóleo. También se analizó la correlación entre la velocidad, la activación muscular y el ángulo articular. Conclusión: Los deportistas tienden a ajustar el ángulo y la frecuencia de los movimientos articulares para reducir la fatiga. Se observó que los atletas también tienen la capacidad de controlar la fuerza muscular en diferentes regiones del núcleo abdominal. Los resultados de la investigación establecen una base teórica para la eficacia del rendimiento de la fuerza muscular del núcleo abdominal en los atletas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Enhanced 2-keto-L-gulonic acid production by a mixed culture of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and Bacillus megaterium using three-stage temperature control strategy.

As a key precursor of vitamin C, 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KLG) was mainly produced from L-sorbose by mixed fermentation of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and a helper strain (Bacillus spp.) with a low conversion rate for decades. The aim of this study was to enhance the 2-KLG production by co-culturing K. vulgare and Bacillus megaterium using three-stage temperature control (TSTC) strategy. By investigating the temperature effect on the 2-KLG fermentation, the optimum temperatures for the growths of K. vulgare and B. megaterium were 32 °C and 29 °C, respectively, while the optimum temperature for 2-KLG production was 35 °C. We developed a TSTC process: the temperature was kept at 32 °C during the first 16 h of fermentation, then decreased to 29 °C for the following 14 h, and maintained at 35 °C to the end of fermentation. By using this new process, the productivity and yield of 2-KLG from L-sorbose were obtained at 2.19 ± 0.19 g/L/h and 92.91 ± 1.02 g/L in 20-L fermentors for 5 batches, respectively, which were 22.35% and 6.02% higher than that of the control treatment (the single temperature of 29 °C). The increased cell density of K. vulgare during the exponential phase and the enhanced SDH activity (increased by 25.18% at 36 h, 17.14% at 44 h) in the production stage might be the reasons for enhanced 2-KLG conversion rate and yield. Our results demonstrated the feasibility of the TSTC strategy for 2-KLG production.

A plate method for rapid screening of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare mutants for enhanced 2-keto-l-gulonic acid production

A new plate method was developed for rapid screening of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare mutants overproducing 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (2-KLG). The screening methodology took the advantage of the acidity caused by 2-KLG, which changes the color of bromothymol blue (pH indicator) from blue to yellow. Using the proposed method, a mutant, K. vulgare 65, was selected from 20,000 colonies produced by a strain subjected to spaceflight mutagenesis. When co-cultured with Bacillus megaterium 2980 in 20-L fermenters, K. vulgare 65 showed a high conversion rate (94.45%) of l-sorbose to 2-KLG. In contrast to the traditional screening method, this one significantly improved the frequency of obtaining positive mutants. The proposed plate screening method is cost-effective and easy to run and is thus useful for the isolation and screening of K. vulgare mutants overproducing 2-KLG.(AU)

A plate method for rapid screening of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare mutants for enhanced 2-keto-l-gulonic acid production

Abstract A new plate method was developed for rapid screening of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare mutants overproducing 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (2-KLG). The screening methodology took the advantage of the acidity caused by 2-KLG, which changes the color of bromothymol blue (pH indicator) from blue to yellow. Using the proposed method, a mutant, K. vulgare 65, was selected from 20,000 colonies produced by a strain subjected to spaceflight mutagenesis. When co-cultured with Bacillus megaterium 2980 in 20-L fermenters, K. vulgare 65 showed a high conversion rate (94.45%) of l-sorbose to 2-KLG. In contrast to the traditional screening method, this one significantly improved the frequency of obtaining positive mutants. The proposed plate screening method is cost-effective and easy to run and is thus useful for the isolation and screening of K. vulgare mutants overproducing 2-KLG.

A plate method for rapid screening of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare mutants for enhanced 2-keto-l-gulonic acid production.

A new plate method was developed for rapid screening of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare mutants overproducing 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (2-KLG). The screening methodology took the advantage of the acidity caused by 2-KLG, which changes the color of bromothymol blue (pH indicator) from blue to yellow. Using the proposed method, a mutant, K. vulgare 65, was selected from 20,000 colonies produced by a strain subjected to spaceflight mutagenesis. When co-cultured with Bacillus megaterium 2980 in 20-L fermenters, K. vulgare 65 showed a high conversion rate (94.45%) of l-sorbose to 2-KLG. In contrast to the traditional screening method, this one significantly improved the frequency of obtaining positive mutants. The proposed plate screening method is cost-effective and easy to run and is thus useful for the isolation and screening of K. vulgare mutants overproducing 2-KLG.