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Objective:To investigate the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).Methods:The clinical data of 144 patients with NSTEMI from January 2017 to October 2020 in the 942 Hospital of Chinese PLA were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 36 cases were treated with Dex 0.05 to 0.15 μg/(kg·h) (Dex1 group), 36 cases with Dex 0.20 to 0.40 μg/(kg·h) (Dex2 group), 36 cases with Dex 0.50 to 0.70 μg/(kg·h) (Dex3 group), and 36 cases without Dex (control group). The changes of HRV time domain indexes, frequency domain indexes and prognosis index before and after treatment were compared among 4 groups, the time domain indexes include normal R-R interval standard deviation (SDNN), mean value of adjacent normal R-R interval standard deviation (SDANNindex), root mean square of adjacent normal R-R interval standard deviation (SDNNindex), square root of adjacent normal R-R interval difference (rMSSD) and percentage of adjacent normal R-R interval difference>50 ms to R-R interval number (PNN50); the frequency domain indexes include total power (TP), low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF), ultra-low frequency power (VLF) and LF/HF; the prognostic indexes include ICU stay time, vasoactive drug use time, 28-day mortality and incidence of complication.Results:There was no significant difference in HRV indexes among 4 groups before treatment ( P>0.05); after treatment, except for LF/HF in Dex2 group and Dex3 group was significantly lower than that in control group and Dex1 group, other HRV indexes were significantly higher than those in control group and Dex1 group, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality among 4 groups; the ICU stay time and vasoactive drug use time in Dex2 group were significantly shorter than those in control group, Dex1 group and Dex3 group: (7.14 ± 1.25) d vs. (9.08 ± 1.68), (9.53 ± 1.98) and (9.81 ± 1.95) d, (122.67 ± 29.5) h vs. (176.15 ± 23.26), (181.72 ± 23.40) and (180.42 ± 22.90) h, the incidence of complication was significantly lower than that in control group, Dex1 group and Dex3 group: 16.67% (6/36) vs. 72.22% (26/36), 47.22% (17/36) and 61.67% (22/36), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); there were no statistical difference in ICU stay time, vasoactive drug use time and incidence of complication among control group, Dex1 group and Dex3 group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Dex 0.20 to 0.40 μg/(kg·h) is well tolerated, and has less adverse reactions. It can effectively increase HRV, regulate the balance of sympathetic-vagal nerve tension, stabilize cardiovascular response and improve prognosis in patients with NSTEMI.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for detecting hexamethylene diamine in workplace air by high performance liquid chromatography( HPLC).METHODS: Hexamethylene diamine in the workplace air was collected by silica gel tube,and each was added with a concentration of 0.05 mol/L sodium bicarbonate solution,each with 0.60 mL of dansyl chloride solution( a mass concentration of 240.00 mg/L),and the volume was adjusted to 5.00 mL with acetonitrile,heating for 40.00 min in bath water,acetonitrile:water( 75:25,V/V) as the mobile phase,quantitated by the standard curve method,using HPLC for determinationstandard.RESULTS: The linear range of hexamethylene diamine was 0.040 0-6.000 0 mg/L,the correlation coefficient was 0.999 3,and the detection limit was 0.003 8 mg/L,and the minimum detection concentration was 0.002 5 mg/m~3( calculated by sample volume of 3.0 L); The within-run relative standard deviation( RSD) was 2.1%-3.0%,and the between-run RSD was 2.9%-3.6%.The average desorption efficiency of the method was 91.4%-94.1%.The sampling efficiency was 98.5%-99.6%.CONCLUSION: The method is simple,rapid,sensitive,accurate and suitable for the detecting hexamethylene diamine concentration in workplace air.
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Objective To investigate the relationships of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) with the initial chemotherapeutic effect and survival of patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).Methods A total of 197 patients with SCLC diagnosed pathologically from January 2011 to September 2013 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital were selected.x 2 test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the factors affecting the initial chemotherapeutic response;KaplanMeier method,log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were used to analyze the factors affecting survival of patients.Results Among the 197 patients,NSE was negative in 64 cases and positive in 133 cases;ProGRP was negative in 51 cases and positive in 146 cases;41 cases with hyponatremia and 156 cases without hyponatremia.152 cases (77.2 ％) had well response to initial treatment and 45 cases (22.8 ％) had no reaction.Univariate analysis showed that stage of disease (x2 =4.456,P =0.033) and ProGRP (x2 =13.424,P ＜ 0.001) were associated with initial therapeutic response.Logistic regression analysis showed that stage of disease (OR =0.404,95 ％ CI 0.197-0.828％,P =0.013) and ProGRP (OR =4.058,95 ％ CI 1.939-8.491,P =0.000) were the independent predictors of initial therapeutic response.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that sex,age,smoking,with or without hyponatremia,stage of disease,NSE,ProGRP and number of chemotherapy cycles were all associated with 2-year survival rate (x2 values were 4.319,6.811,4.264,4.687,32.631,41.045,11.379,33.466,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that stage of disease (RR =2.110,95 ％ CI 1.491-2.985,P ＜ 0.001),number of chemotherapy cycles (RR =0.398,95 ％ CI 0.283-0.588,P ＜ 0.001) and NSE (RR =1.422,95 ％ CI 1.113-1.784,P =0.002) were independent predictors of survival.However,ProGRP was not associated with survival of patients (RR =1.065,95 ％ CI 0.854-1.328,P =0.587).Conclusions ProGRP is associated with the initial chemotherapeutic response in patients with SCLC,and it has certain clinical significance in predicting the initial chemotherapeutic effect.NSE is associated with the survival prognosis of SCLC,and it is a prognostic factor of poor survival.
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Noninvasive assessment of corneal mechanical properties in vivo will help to the understanding of the pathogenesis and early diagnosis of ectatic corneal disorders. This study presented a noninvasive method that assesses the corneal biomechanical properties by exciting the cornea with acoustic radiation force and monitoring its displacement using a dual-frequency confocal transducer. A 3.85-MHz pushing element was used to induce localized tissue displacement, and the displacement was detected by the 12.8-MHz detecting elements using pulse-echo methods. Under constant acoustic radiation force, 0the tissue displacement are directly correlated with tissue biomechanical properties, a set of parameters were extracted from local displacement waveform, including relaxation time constant (τ), relative elasticity (RE) and relative viscosity (RV). In order to obtain corneal samples with different mechanical properties, the fresh bovine eyes were performed by collagen cross-linking (CXL). The result indicated that the estimated τ in untreated corneas were statistically significantly different (p<;0.05) from those of treated corneas and the estimation of τ varied significantly with different degrees of CXL. It is possible to develop a non-invasive, effective and efficient method with high spatial resolution.
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Cornea , Animals , Cattle , Collagen , Cross-Linking Reagents , Elasticity , Elasticity Imaging Techniques , Photosensitizing Agents , Ultraviolet Rays , ViscosityABSTRACT
Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography is a non-invasive method for the assessment of liver by measuring liver stiffness. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of ARFI for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis and to assess impact of steatosis on liver fibrosis stiffness measurement, in rats model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The rat models were conducted in 59 rats. The right liver lobe was processed and embedded in a fabricated gelatin solution. Liver mechanics were measured using shear wave velocity (SWV) induced by acoustic radiation force. In rats with NAFLD, the diagnostic performance of ARFI elastography in predicting severe fibrosis (F ≥ 3) and cirrhosis (F ≥ 4) had the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) of 0.993 and 0.985. Among rats mean SWV values were significantly higher in rats with severe steatosis by histology compared to those mild or without steatosis for F0-F2 fibrosis stages (3.07 versus 2.51 m/s, P = 0.01). ARFI elastography is a promising method for staging hepatic fibrosis with NAFLD in rat models. The presence of severe steatosis is a significant factor for assessing the lower stage of fibrosis.
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Liver Cirrhosis , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease , Animals , Elasticity Imaging Techniques , Liver , ROC Curve , RatsABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the value of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in assessment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatic fibrosis in rats.Methods Models with various degrees of NAFLD severity were conducted in 110 rats by feeding high fat emulsion.The right liver lobe of rat models were processed and embedded in a fabricated gelatin solution to measure the shear wave velocity (SWV) by ARFI.And the other liver lobes were used for histologic assessment.Based on NAFLD activity score (NAS),the final pathologic NAFLD diagnosis were considered as normal group (NAS=0),simple steatosis (SS) group (1≤NAS≤2),borderline (3≤NAS≤4) group and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) group (NAS≥5).The diagnostic accuracy of the SWV parameters in evaluating NAFLD severity and fibrosis stages was studied using ROC curves.Results The difference of SWV values among normal group,SS group,borderline group and NASH group was statistically significant (F=31.53,P＜0.001).Taking SWV≥ 2.54 m/s as the diagnostic standard to differentiate normal rats from rats with SS,and SWV≥2.90 m/s to differentiate SS from NASH in rats,the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.922 (95％CI [0.871,0.973],P＜0.001) and 0.882 (95％ CI [0.807,0.956],P＜0.001) respectively.The sensitivity and specificity were 93.5 ％ and 100 ％ for differentiating normal and SS groups,83.3 ％ and 84.2 ％ for differentiating SS and NASH groups.Taking SWV≥3.48 m/s as cutoff to predict fibrosis (≥F2 stage),the AUC was 0.963 (95％CI [0.909,1.000],P＜0.001),the sensitivity was 92.9％ and the specificity was 97.6％.Taking SWV≥3.61 m/s as cutoff to predict severe fibrosis (≥F3 stage),the AUC was 0.997 (95％CI [0.990,1.000],P＜0.001),sensitivity was 100％ and specificity was 98.9％.The same high validity was maintained as in the prediction of cirrhosis (F4 stage) with the cutoff as SWV≥4.50 m/s,and the AUC was 0.993 (95％CI [0.982,1.000],P＜0.001),the sensitivity was 100 ％ and the specificity was 96.8％.Conclusion ARFI elastography is a promising method for differentiating the different severity of NAFLD and staging the degree of hepatic fibrosis with NAFLD in rat models.
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This study was aimed to investigate the clinical effect and safety of Qing-Fei Jie-Du (QFJD) decoction on treating lobar pneumonia in children.Ninety cases of children diagnosed with lobar pneumonia in hospital were selected by double-centre,random and control method.Cases were divided into the test group (60 cases) and the control group (30 cases.The ratio between the test group and the control group was 2∶1.It can fully demonstrate the effect of the test group without any influence on the statistical analysis).Children of the control group were given conventional medicine with placebo,while children of the test group were given conventional medicine with modified QFJD decoction.The treatment course was 2 weeks.The clinical symptoms including fever,cough,lung rale,lung image (X-ray or CT scan),laboratorial index and safety were compared between two groups.The results showed that the recovery rate of the test group was 81.7％;and the recovery rate of the control group was 66.7％.The difference between them was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The comparison of safety between two groups indicated that the treatment of the test group was safer than control group with statistical difference (P＜0.05).It was concluded that modified QFJD decoction had a significant clinical effect and was very safe in the treatment of children with lobar pneumonia.
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10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.017
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OBJECTIVE:To study the relative bioavailability of yifuxian'an capsules.METHODS:Concentrations of ri-fampicin,isoniazid and pyrazinamide in plasma were determined on12volunteers respectively after a single oral dose of yifux-ian'an capsules(tested preparations)and rifater(reference preparation)by RP-HPLC method;the pharmacokinetics parame-ters were processed by3p97process.RESULTS:The AUC 0～t of the tested preparation and reference substance of rifampicin were(70.69?36.32)and(70.77?32.26)(?g?h)/ml respectively,t max of which were(1.82?0.28)and(1.79?0.25)h re-spectively,C max of which were(12.83?4.98)?g/ml and(12.84?3.95)?g/ml respectively;The AUC 0～t of which were(14.30?8.25)and(13.76?6.16)(?g?h)/ml respectively,t max of which were(1.54?0.36)and(1.58?0.38)h respectively,C max of which were(5.42?2.52)and(5.46?2.46)?g/ml respectively;The AUC 0～t of which of pyrazinamide were(243.56?128.98)and(238.07?117.63)(?g?h)/ml respectively,t max of which were(1.58?0.64)and(1.69?0.55)h respectively,C max of which were(29.45?12.45)and(27.46?11.02)?g/ml respectively.The relative bioequivalence of rifampicin,isoniazid and pyrazi-namide of the tested preparation were(99.88?12.92)%,(103.84?24.10)%and(102.57?12.31)%respectively.CONCLU-SION:Bioavailability of the2preparations are bioequivalent.
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AIM: To investigate the effect of erythromycin on the level of transforming growth factor-?1(TGF-?1) and ?-glutaglutamylcysteine synthetase(?-GCS) in smoking rats,and to explore the antioxidate therapeutic role of erythromycin in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.METHODS: Wistar rats were exposed to cigarettes smoking to establish the model.After passive smoking for 4 weeks,erythromycin intragastric intervention was administered continuously for 8 weeks.The expiratory airway resistance and lung compliance were assessed and the expression levels of TGF-?1 and ?-GCS proteins(and the mRNA) in airway endothelial cells and alveolar macrophages were observed respectively by immunohistochemical,immunocytochemical and(in situ) hybridization.RESULTS: The expiratory airway resistance was increased and the lung compliance was degraded significantly in smoking group and erythromycin group,compared to control group.In erythromycin group,the airway resistance was lower and the lung compliance was higher than that in smoking group(P
