ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Published literatures report controversial results about the effect of combined treatment with alendronate and alfacalcidol for the prevention of fractures in osteoporosis patients. METHODS: Seven common databases were searched for related randomized controlled trials published up to April, 2015. Bayesian random effects network meta-analysis was used to assess the pairwise odds ratios (OR), 95% credible intervals (CI). RESULTS: Thirteen randomized controlled trials were identified (3710 patients). The network meta-analysis results indicated that combining treatment with alendronate and alfacalcidol was significantly better to prevent bone fractures in osteoporosis patients than alendronate (OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.19-0.95) and alfacalcidol (OR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.08-0.49). In addition, there was no significant difference for adverse events among the three therapeutic regimen. CONCLUSIONS: Combined treatment with alendronate and alfacalcidol was more active than the monotherapies in preventing bone fractures in osteoporosis patients. Large-scale randomized, controlled trials are recommended to confirm the result.